The content of the press release has been approved by the presenter. [escardio.org]

Present-generation 3-dimensional ICE probes can be used for volumetric imaging; however, in the present configuration, cross-sectional measurement of annular size is difficult due to the limited field of view of 22°. [imaging.onlinejacc.org]

These five cases are presented below. [ejcts.oxfordjournals.org]

In some models, these differences in the murine nasal cavity can have a significant impact on disease progression and presentation in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) when using intranasal instillation techniques, potentially limiting the… Figures from [semanticscholar.org]

Abstract The passage of a tube into the trachea, whether through the nose or the mouth, is known as intubation, and probably presents more hazards than any other single anaesthetic procedure. [link.springer.com]

• Hoarseness

  Previous research by Jones et al. found that 54 of 167 studied patients had hoarseness following short-term intubation. 7 In five of these patients, hoarseness lasted for periods ranging between 9 and 99 days. [anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org]

  Cases of postoperative hoarseness, vomiting, dysphoria, bucking, and other complications were determined in the two groups. [alliedacademies.org]

  Grade of hoarseness [19]: rating of 0, no hoarseness; level 1, mild hoarseness (complained of hoarseness only when asked); level 2, moderate hoarseness (self-reported hoarseness); level 3, severe hoarseness (change in voice was observed). [bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com]

  The incidence of hoarseness after mediastinoscopy and outcome of video-assisted versus conventional mediastinoscopy in lung cancer staging*. Acta Chirurgica Belgica, Vol. 116, Issue. 1, p. 23. [cambridge.org]

  Aspirating (inhaling) vomit, saliva or other fluids while intubated Pneumonia, if aspiration occurs Sore throat Hoarseness Erosion of soft tissue (with prolonged intubation) The medical team will assess and be aware of these potential risks, and do what [verywell.com]

• Tachypnea

  In contrast, the transition from face mask to helmet resulted in a significant reduction in tachypnea from 27.7/min at baseline to 24.5/min after randomization (absolute difference, 3.2/min; 95% CI, 0.2/min to 6.1/min; P = Primary and Secondary Outcomes [jamanetwork.com]

• Dysphagia

  Dysphagia followed by tachycardia, tachypnoea and mild temperature are almost always present. [ejcts.oxfordjournals.org]

• Tachycardia

  - Tachycardia - rise in blood pressure - Increase in secretions - Laryngospasm - bronchospasm 19 20.  tube in oesophagous  endobrocheal intubation  trauma to lips tooth  Bleeding  Leak  Trachities  Cough  sore throat  barotrauma to Lungs 20 [de.slideshare.net]

  Dysphagia followed by tachycardia, tachypnoea and mild temperature are almost always present. [ejcts.oxfordjournals.org]

  Byregowda Nagar, Kolar - 563 102, Karnataka India Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.198404 Background and Aims: Laryngoscopic manipulation and endotracheal intubation are noxious stimuli capable of producing tachycardia [ijaweb.org]

  In a randomized, controlled trial in 90 older infants and children that compared the use of glycopyrrolate and atropine at anesthetic induction, none had bradycardia, but more subjects who received atropine developed sinus tachycardia than those who received [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

• Heart Disease

  […] blood pressure, hypovolemia; good in asthma Caution in elevated intracranial pressure or heart disease Propofol 2 - 2.5 mg/kg Rapid onset and recovery Caution if hypovolemic or risk of hypotension Thiopental 3 - 5 mg/kg Multiple drug interactions; caution [thoracic.org]

  This is supposed to have advantages in patients with ischemic heart disease and those with brain injury (e.g. after traumatic brain injury or stroke). [en.wikibooks.org]

  Menda et al. conducted a study on ischaemic heart disease patients undergoing fast-track coronary artery bypass graft comparing dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg and placebo. [ijaweb.org]

  disease 20 and is presumed to occur with intubation. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

• Confusion

  The lack of a single, reliable test to confirm ETT placement can potentially lead to confusion regarding the location of the tube. [aliem.com]

  These complications are rare but may include: heart attack lung infection stroke temporary mental confusion death Approximately one or two people in every 1,000 may become partially awake while under general anesthesia. [healthline.com]

  This condition should not be confused with that of prolapse of ventricle which is a distinct entity. 3. Subglottic oedema. This condition usually resolves after extubation. Granulation tissue: Can be seen within 48 hours after intubation. [drtbalu.co.in]

  There are obvious exceptions to performing awake intubation, such as patient refusal, young children, and uncooperative patients (due to confusion or learning disabilities). [nysora.com]

• Amnesia

  The ideal sedation conditions would involve a comfortable patient responsive to commands with a maintained airway, spontaneous breathing, and a degree of amnesia ( Table 4 ). [nysora.com]

• Hypercapnia

  Endotracheal intubation may be achieved by awake direct laryngoscopy in the sick ICU patient whose level of consciousness may be reduced by sepsis, hypercapnia or hypoxemia. [ccforum.biomedcentral.com]

  Indications for endotracheal tube (ETT) placement include: severe hypoxaemia requiring PEEP; hypercapnia with acidosis; inability to protect the airway; to control ventilation in the presence of raised intracranial (or intraocular) pressure; to facilitate [en.wikibooks.org]

  Airway obstruction is common at the accident scene in patients with severe TBI [ 10, 11 ], and resulting hypoxaemia and hypercapnia are known to trigger secondary injuries that adversely affect outcome [ 12, 13 ]. [journals.plos.org]

This is a surgical emergency and prompt recognition and initiation of treatment is essential to a favorable outcome. There are very few case reports of medical treatment [4]. Medical treatment has been applied only after early diagnosis. [ejcts.oxfordjournals.org]

Some of these opinions may contain information about treatment or uses of drug products that have not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. WebMD does not endorse any specific product, service, or treatment. [webmd.com]

Nevertheless, successful conservative treatment in a large tracheal tear has been reported. 11, 12 Mullan et al have suggested that the length of intact trachea > 3 cm above the carina is the important predictor of successful conservative treatment. 12 [rc.rcjournal.com]

In addition, urolithiasis was also associated with a high risk of intensive care unit treatment, shock, and arrhythmias after AMI. Medical treatments for urolithiasis may decrease the risk of MI, except the use of NSAIDs. [dovepress.com]

Knowledge of associated clinical variables may improve the estimation of early prognosis and guide management in these patients. [neurology.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) The outlook will depend on the reason the procedure needed to be done. References Driver BE, Reardon RF. Tracheal intubation. In: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. [mountsinai.org]

After discussion with the patient's relatives about the risk of surgical repair and the prognosis of neurological condition, conservative treatment was considered. [rc.rcjournal.com]

However misreading of this complication sometimes leads to delaying the diagnosis, then to worsening the prognosis. Subsequent infection spreads into the mediastinum and responsibility of the physician is engaged. [ejcts.oxfordjournals.org]

This result shows why it is vital to analyze data by the intention-to-treat principle; in this case, an erroneous conclusion could be reached if the data were analyzed by treatment received, because the success of intubation is not independent of prognosis [jamanetwork.com]

Martyn JA, Richtsfeld M (2006) Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. Anesthesiology 104: 158–169 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 21. [link.springer.com]

We considered subgroups defined both by the etiology of the illness or injury that was apparent to out-of-hospital providers and by the etiology of the illness or injury based on retrospective review of the final medical record. [jamanetwork.com]

[…] hypertension. 20 Hypoxemia seems to be related either to apnea at the time of intubation or possible airway obstruction associated with positioning. 17 Bradycardia is presumed to be vagal in origin, because the very rapid onset is suggestive of a reflexive etiology [pediatrics.aappublications.org]

†Adjusted for: age, gender, bystander CPR, initial cardiac rhythm, duration of resuscitation, location of arrest, status of Emergency Life-Saving Technicians, epinephrine use and etiology. [westjem.com]

Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group. JAMA. 2000;283: 2008–12. pmid:10789670 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 27. [journals.plos.org]

Epidemiology of pediatric prehospital care. Ann Emerg Med. 1987;16:284-292. Google Scholar 30. United States Department of Transportation. Emergency Medical Technician: Basic, National Standard Curriculum. [jamanetwork.com]

Epidemiology and outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children: the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry-Cardiac Arrest. Circulation. 2009;119:1484–91. for the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium. [ccforum.biomedcentral.com]

Malekianzadeh 1, Gholamreza Noori 2, Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi 3 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran 2 Department of surgery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran 3 Department of Epidemiology [medgasres.com]

Pre-intubation nebulised salbutamol or adrenaline Hypoxia Pre-oxygenation Continuous pulse oximetry Aspiration Cricoid pressure (debatable) Aspiration of stomach contents by NG tube Fasting the patient in preparation Careful bag-mask ventilation to prevent [derangedphysiology.com]

There are no randomized trials of intravenous fluid administration to prevent PIH in critically ill adults. The investigators propose a randomized trial of fluid loading to prevent PIH in critically ill adults. [clinicaltrials.gov]

[…] of vagal response (especially children younger than age 5 often have bradycardic response to laryngoscopy) Atropine 0.02 mg/kg Prevention of worsening intracranial pressure or bronchospasm Lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg Prevention of hypertensive response in patients [thoracic.org]

Barfield, MD – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Ann L. Jefferies, MD – Canadian Paediatric Society Sarah Kilpatrick, MD – American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tonse N.K. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]