This report is unique due to the subtle presentation of a potentially life-threatening diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Anorexia

  She had anorexia and weight loss (8 kg) during the previous 2 months and had a history of intrauterine device use for 12 years. Clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic examinations revealed a rectal mass and right hydronephrosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Rectal Mass

  Clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic examinations revealed a rectal mass and right hydronephrosis. Rectal biopsy showed nonspecific colitis. Laparotomy showed a mass that was invading and obstructing the pelvic orifice. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Right Flank Pain

  We treated a 44-year-old woman who presented with vaginal discharge, right flank pain, dysuria, and difficulty with defecation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hyperactivity

  Intrauterine device may stimulate vascular hyperactivity regarding hormonal or unknown mechanisms that result in Raynaud's phenomenon. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  Continuation of hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs) - widely used and highly effective contraceptives that also decrease menstrual flow - is controversial during hematopoietic stem cell transplants (SCTs) due to infectious and vaginal bleeding concerns [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Consequently, research should concentrate on the alleviation of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Prevention is difficult, mainly because the etiopathology of abnormal bleeding is insufficiently understood. [doi.org]

• Urinary Urgency

  A 42-year-old female with remote history of intrauterine device (IUD) placement presented with gross hematuria, urinary urgency, and dyspareunia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Sexual Dysfunction

  OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) on female sexual dysfunction (FSD) subtypes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Female Sexual Dysfunction

  OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) on female sexual dysfunction (FSD) subtypes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Macroscopic Hematuria

  A 38-year-old woman suffered from recurrent urinary urgency and dysuria and without macroscopic hematuria for about 1 month. Urinary ultrasound and abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed thickening of the bladder walls. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This case emphasises the importance of a full workup for a missing IUD and that, if incidentally found, IUDs can be removed safely laparoscopically in conjunction with another procedure. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Patients responding to treatment had significantly lower progesterone receptor expression on post-treatment biopsies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment and prognosis Complications IUCD embedding IUCD perforation three-fold increase risk of generalised pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) pelvic actinomycosis infection pregnancy-associated with IUCD associated pregnancy with spontaneous m iscarriage [radiopaedia.org]

Menstrual hemostasis is a complex phenomenon and attempts at etiological treatment give poor results. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Antibiotic prophylaxis has been convincingly shown to have no effect on the incidence of postinsertion pelvic inflammatory disease. [32, 33, 34] Risk of infection is greatest the first 20 days after insertion, suggesting the etiology of infection is contamination [emedicine.medscape.com]

Furthermore, a recent pooled analysis of 26 epidemiological studies suggested that IUCs might protect against cervical carcinogenesis 66 Castellsague X, Diaz M, Vaccarella S, et al. [doi.org]

Russell Luepker, head of epidemiology at the University of Minnesota. I wouldn't go out and get my thighs measured, either. Who can measure leg length accurately to within 0.4 to 0.7 inches? Not many of us. [medpundit.blogspot.com]

[…] pills (POPs) prevent pregnancy through a combination of actions. [web.archive.org]

IUDs primarily work by preventing fertilization. The progestogen released from hormonal IUDs mainly works by thickening the cervical mucus, preventing sperm from reaching the fallopian tubes. [en.wikipedia.org]

However, researchers believe that the main mechanism of action of copper-bearing IUDs is the prevention of fertilization. [fhi360.org]

Condoms were promoted for the prevention of sexually-transmitted infections. The primary outcome was pregnancy; secondary outcomes were discontinuation, side-effects, and HIV acquisition and disease progression. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]