Presentation
Spinal cord lesions producing motor and sensory disturbances were present in one. Late psychiatric disorders were observed in both patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old man who presented signs of as a stroke mimic. In addition, we briefly discuss the various known causes of stroke mimics. [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]
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Clinical presentation. The manifestations of acute iodine ingestion are related largely to the corrosive effect on mucous membranes and the GI tract. [mhmedical.com]
These patients presented with thyroid conditions ranging from subclinical hyperthyroidism to florid thyrotoxicosis. [mja.com.au]
Entire Body System
- Fever
They are especially used in— Acute Catarrh and Hay Fever ,—Potassium Iodide with Arsenic internally; also Iodine and Carbolic Acid in weak solution locally. [henriettes-herb.com]
Abdominal pain Coma Delirium Fever Lack of urine output Seizure Shock Shortness of breath Stupor Swelling of face and body Weak pulse Side Effects of Iodine Poisoning A patient with an overdose of iodine shows symptoms that are similar to iodine deficiency [tandurust.com]
Symptoms include burning mouth and stomach, fever, diarrhea and, in severe cases, coma [1]. Chronic iodine toxicity. [nutrientsreview.com]
Severe Symptoms of Iodine Overdose If the overdose continues it can lead to: Abdominal pain Delirium Fever Lack of urine output Seizures Shock Swelling of face and body Shortness of breath Stupor Weak pulse Coma Japanese Kelp Consumption A type of acne [iodine-resource.com]
Furthermore, there may be fever while some develop delirium. It is frequent for a casualty to report pain in the throat and mouth and metallic taste in the mouth. [ic.steadyhealth.com]
- Myxedema
Myxedema is a condition where the individual has dry skin and develops inflammation around the lips and nose. Severe effect is mental retardation. An overdose is the cause of thyroid papillary cancer. [tandurust.com]
Thus, iodine toxicity can eventually cause iodide goiter, hypothyroidism, or myxedema. Very large amounts of iodide may cause a brassy taste in the mouth, increased salivation, GI irritation, and acneiform skin lesions. [merckmanuals.com]
Amiodarone Induced Hypothyroidism are similar to hypothyroidism symptoms in general: fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance, mental sluggishness, weakness, constipation, heavy or abnormal periods for women, dry skin, eyes and hair, goiter, and in extreme cases, myxedema [fluoroquinolonethyroid.com]
- Thyroid Nodule
«OZY, जुलाई 15» New guidelines focus on pediatric thyroid nodules and cancer … The push to limit the use of radioactive iodine in children further underscores the need for an experienced surgeon, he said. “In an effort to ... [educalingo.com]
- Lymphadenopathy
Allergic effects Whether iodine is administered topically or systematically, iodine and iodides can give rise to allergic reactions: urticaria, angioedema, cutaneous haemorrhage or purpuras, fever, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy and eosinophile, acne-form [inchem.org]
Respiratoric
- Pharyngitis
Pharyngeal swelling and glottic edema have been reported. Mucous membranes are usually stained brown, and the vomitus may be blue if starchy foods are already present in the stomach. [mhmedical.com]
[…] and ventilation, but patients with tremors and pharyngeal weakness, at increased risk. • Treatment : totally symptomatic. [slideshare.net]
Stomatitis and pharyngitis may result from exposure to iodine vapour or solutions and mucous membranes are coloured brown. [inchem.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Diarrhea
Symptoms include burning pain in the mouth and esophagus, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, delirium, shock, nephritis, laryngeal edema, and circulatory collapse. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Keep in mind it usually takes at least 12 hours of severe vomiting and diarrhea to make a child or adult significantly dehydrated. [listentoyourgut.com]
Acute iodine toxicity may cause symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, as well as a burning sensation in the stomach, throat and mouth. Weak pulse and coma are also potential complications of acute toxicity. [livestrong.com]
Signs of Iodine Toxicity Harmless amount of iodine contained in medicine results in these initial symptoms: Burning mouth and throat Head cold symptoms Skin rash Sore throat and gums Stomach upset Diarrhea Vomiting Toxicity from iodine is a risk as it [tandurust.com]
Symptoms include burning mouth and stomach, fever, diarrhea and, in severe cases, coma [1]. Chronic iodine toxicity. [nutrientsreview.com]
Cardiovascular
- Heart Disease
To make sure potassium iodide is safe for you tell your doctor if you have: kidney disease; high levels of potassium (hyperkalemia) in your blood; Addison's disease (an adrenal gland disorder); tuberculosis; a thyroid disorder; heart disease; or a genetic [spooky2support.com]
People with nodular thyroid with heart disease should not take KI. Individuals with multinodular goiter, Graves' disease, and autoimmune thyroiditis should be treated with caution -- especially if dosing extends beyond a few days. [fda.gov]
Jaw & Teeth
- Metallic Taste
Minor effects are metallic taste in the mouth, increased salivation, GI irritation, and acneiform skin lesions. [tandurust.com]
It is frequent for a casualty to report pain in the throat and mouth and metallic taste in the mouth. A person suffering from iodine poisoning will have low urine output and will report intensive thirst. [ic.steadyhealth.com]
Symptoms of iodism include: Burning of mouth or throat Metallic taste Increased watering of mouth Sore teeth and gums Severe headache Symptoms of potassium toxicity include: Confusion Irregular heartbeat Numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in hands or [dermnetnz.org]
A metallic taste may result in the mouth. Renal failure could also follow. [ 3 ] Possible shock may occur resulting in an increased heart rate, low blood pressure and a complete collapse of the circulatory system. [globalhealingcenter.com]
Possible side effects of iodine supplements include nausea, stomach pain, runny nose, headache, metallic taste and diarrhea, worsening of dermatitis herpetiformis [2]. [nutrientsreview.com]
Eyes
- Lacrimation
It causes lacrimation, anorexia, coughing due to bronchopneumonia, and a heavy dandruff. Paradoxically, iodine excess may result in thyroid hyperplasia and goiter, especially in the young. protein-bound iodine a test of thyroid function. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
So far the list of these iodide-concentrating cells includes: white blood cells, salivary and lacrimal glands, ciliary body of the eye, renal cortex, the pancreas, the liver, gastric, small and large intestinal mucosa, nasopharynx, choroid plexus, skin [fluoroquinolonethyroid.com]
[…] and synthetic marijuana and common substitutes MDMA (Ecstasy) Phenylpropanolamine Theophylline Withdrawal Tachycardia, mild hypertension, mydriasis, diaphoresis, agitation, restlessness, anxiety, hyperreflexia, piloerection, yawning, abdominal cramps, lacrimation [msdmanuals.com]
Skin
- Dermatitis
Cold / Flu 6 drops, 2-3 x over 24 hours Cuts/scabs Apply Prevents infection, aids healing; Dermatitis Apply Lugols with Q-tip Dab the dermatitis with soaked Q-tip; If on the face use decolorized iodine tincture; sensitive skin (E.g. around your nose) [healyourselfathome.com]
A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. ( 6, 7 ) Treatment EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several [t3db.ca]
Kudo H, Takahashi K, Suzuki Y, Tanaka T, Miyachi Y, & Immamira S (1988) Contact dermatitis from a compound mixture of sugar, and povidone-iodine Contact dermatitis, 18 (3): 155-157. [inchem.org]
Contact with skin causes irritation and possible dermatitis; systemic poisoning can occur by absorption through skin. (USCG, 1999) Reactivity Profile MERCURY IODIDE is a mild reducing agent. [cameochemicals.noaa.gov]
Possible side effects of iodine supplements include nausea, stomach pain, runny nose, headache, metallic taste and diarrhea, worsening of dermatitis herpetiformis [2]. [nutrientsreview.com]
- Skin Rash
Signs of Iodine Toxicity Harmless amount of iodine contained in medicine results in these initial symptoms: Burning mouth and throat Head cold symptoms Skin rash Sore throat and gums Stomach upset Diarrhea Vomiting Toxicity from iodine is a risk as it [tandurust.com]
Tincture of Iodine may cause rash, blistering or crusting on the skin. MEDICAL APPLICATIONS: Iodine poisoning may happen if you have been exposed to high doses of radiographic contact dyes or a drug called amiodarone. [iodine-resource.com]
Other reported adverse reactions reported include irregular heartbeat, skin rash, diarrhea, metallic taste, stomach upset, joint pain, numbness, and tingling. [uspharmacist.com]
The following are possible side effects: Skin rashes Swelling of the salivary glands “Iodism” (metallic taste, burning mouth and throat, sore teeth and gums, symptoms of a head cold, and sometimes upset stomach and diarrhea) An allergic reaction can have [fda.gov]
- Skin Lesion
Minor effects are metallic taste in the mouth, increased salivation, GI irritation, and acneiform skin lesions. [tandurust.com]
Very large amounts of iodide may cause a brassy taste in the mouth, increased salivation, GI irritation, and acneiform skin lesions. [merckmanuals.com]
Ovarian Cyst Dose similar to FDB Precancerous skin lesions/ leg ulcers Rub in twice daily Regenerates skin from bottom up, eventually sloughing off old skin with little/no scar formation; adding vitamin E helps too; Radioactive Fallout SSKI Dose Adult [healyourselfathome.com]
Chronic ingestion may result in iodism characterised from acne form skin lesions and other skin eruptions. Cutaneous absorption may be significant and result in systemic symptoms and death. [inchem.org]
- Eruptions
Iodism comprises the foregoing symptoms, together with frontal headache, a saline taste in the mouth, dysphagia, an acne-form eruption on the face and limbs, and temporary impotence. Sometimes the eruption is furuncular, or even purpuric. [henriettes-herb.com]
Symptoms reported were fever and generalised skin eruption of varying types. [inchem.org]
- Urticaria
Other, less common side effects include urticaria and angioedema, which can affect the arms, face, legs, lips, tongue, throat and lymph glands. [dermnetnz.org]
Skin eruptions included urticaria to erythema to exfoliative dermatitis. Mortality was 47% in those 15 cases reported (Seymour, 1937). Repeated applications of iodophors may cause contact dermatitis. [inchem.org]
Neurologic
- Irritability
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. [gyakorikerdesek.hu]
The Iodides are very diffusible and rapidly excreted; setting free ozone and iodine at the points of elimination, they are irritant, inducing violent coryza, with soreness of the throat and eyes, headache and profuse mucous discharge, with irritation [henriettes-herb.com]
Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Danger P280, P305+P351+P338, P310 H319 Causes serious eye irritation Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P H335 May cause respiratory irritation Specific [chemicalbook.com]
Minor effects are metallic taste in the mouth, increased salivation, GI irritation, and acneiform skin lesions. [tandurust.com]
Call your doctor at once if you have swelling in your neck or throat chest pain irregular heart rate muscle weakness tingly feeling pain or burning in your mouth severe headache or eye irritation. [spooky2support.com]
- Headache
Infection(meningitis/encephalitis/abscess) Headache, hemiparesis, altered consciousness; systemic disturbances common Intracranial mass lesions [ 14 ] Subdural hematoma, tumors and abscesses can present with headache and abrupt onset focal neurological [jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com]
Higher doses of radiation result in neurological health problems, such as headache and impaired consciousness. Damage to bone marrow leads to a drop in red blood cells and immune cells. [vitanetonline.com]
Iodism comprises the foregoing symptoms, together with frontal headache, a saline taste in the mouth, dysphagia, an acne-form eruption on the face and limbs, and temporary impotence. Sometimes the eruption is furuncular, or even purpuric. [henriettes-herb.com]
Call your doctor at once if you have swelling in your neck or throat chest pain irregular heart rate muscle weakness tingly feeling pain or burning in your mouth severe headache or eye irritation. [spooky2support.com]
Apart from the previously mentioned, iodine poisoning is responsible for several more health problems such as loss of appetite, insomnia, pain in the lower part of the body, morning headaches, acute sense of touch, extremely poor or sharp hearing, drop [ic.steadyhealth.com]
- Agitation
Some substances (eg, cocaine, phencyclidine, amphetamine ) can cause severe agitation, which can result in hyperthermia, acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis. [msdmanuals.com]
Muscarinic antagonist Atropine Muscarinic Antagonist Good CNS penetration, cause Anticholinergic delirium, agitation and psychoses. Glycopyrrolate Less CNS penetration, Less CNS side effects. [slideshare.net]
Opsonize S. aureus by resuspending the bacterial pellet in 1 mL of 20% human serum diluted with DPBS and incubating at 37 °C with agitation for 15 min. Centrifuge opsonized bacteria at 5,000 x g for 5 minutes at room temperature. [jove.com]
Optimization of leaching parameters such as lixiviant concentration, temperature, pulp density, agitation and particle size are very important to achieve maximum leaching efficiency. [tandfonline.com]
Altered sensorium (agitation, confusion, hallucinations) have occurred in association with elevated serum iodine concentrations, (Alvarez, 1979; Gosselin et al., 1984). [inchem.org]
Workup
Routine blood workup reveals normal serum electrolytes with a raised amylase level of 300. Diagnosis ??? ?? 2. Organophosphorus Poisoning Presenters : Dr Lohit Chauhan : Dr Dhananjay Gupta Moderator : Dr. Gurmeet Kaur 3. [slideshare.net]
Treatment
[…] technologies for each contaminant Critical concepts of water quality control as applied in water treatment in conventional or chemical treatment plants Disinfection and fluoridation requirements Common problems with water distribution systems, including [books.google.com]
[…] for this food FSC 1.5.3 9/10/2018 Chutney South Africa Irradiated chillies Irradiated – not a permitted treatment for this food FSC 1.5.3 9/10/2018 Chutney South Africa Irradiated onion Irradiated – not a permitted treatment for this food FSC 1.5.3 9 [vietnamtradeoffice.net]
Other indications include treatment of hyperthyroidism, radiation protectant of the thyroid gland, pre-operative preparation of patients with Graves disease and the treatment of some dermatological conditions such as cutaneous lymphatic sporotrichosis [dermnetnz.org]
Apply this treatment only when the victim is alert but discontinue treatment when victim is vomiting or having convulsions. Activated charcoal is effective in decontaminating the stomach. [tandurust.com]
Treatment includes activated charcoal, breathing support (if necessary), fluids and milk and medications which deal with accompanying symptoms. [ic.steadyhealth.com]
Prognosis
Please find relevant information on First Aid for Iodide (I−) Poisoning regarding cause, signs & symptoms, administration of first aid treatment, prognosis, preventive measures, and additional resources HERE. [dovemed.com]
INGESTION: alimentary absorption is very rapid; action during first10-15 min. determines prognosis. Give egg whites, milk, or activated charcoal and induce vomiting; consult physician. EYES: flush with water for at least 15 min. [cameochemicals.noaa.gov]
QTc prolongation • Indicates poor prognosis in OP- poisoning 1. Cholinergic stimulation of heart : M2 a. negative ionotropy b. negative chronotropy 2. Oxidative stress causes conduction problems * Shadnia S, Okazi A, et al. [slideshare.net]
9.1.1 Ingestion 9.1.2 Inhalation 9.1.3 Skin exposure 9.1.4 Eye contact 9.1.5 Parenteral exposure 9.1.6 Other 9.2 Chronic poisoning 9.2.1 Ingestion 9.2.2 Inhalation 9.2.3 Skin exposure 9.2.4 Eye contact 9.2.5 Parenteral exposure 9.2.6 Other 9.3 Course, prognosis [inchem.org]
Epidemiology
Scientific American spoke with John Boice, a professor at Vanderbilt University's Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center and a cancer epidemiologist with the International Epidemiology Institute in Rockville, Md., to better understand why potassium iodide is [scientificamerican.com]
Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2011, 21 (4), 395-407. DOI: 10.1038/jes.2010.31. Kathleen L. Caldwell, Amir Makhmudov, Elizabeth Ely, Robert L. Jones, Richard Y. Wang. Iodine Status of the U.S. [pubs.acs.org]
Clinico-Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Presenting with Organophosphorus Poisoning. N Am J Med Sc. Vol 4(3), JMarch 2012 14. 5. Relative human Toxicity Eddleston M et al. [slideshare.net]
Overlapping perchlorate epidemiologic research at Texas Tech University is also supported by the State of Texas Advanced Research Program (3644-0007-2006) and by the Gerber Foundation. References Almström P 2006. [ehp.niehs.nih.gov]
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 10 (10): 447-450. Gommolin IH (1987) Iodated glycerol-induced hypothyroidism. Drug Intell Clin Pharm, 21 : 726-727. [inchem.org]
Pathophysiology
"Pathophysiology: The biological basis for disease in Adults and Children". 5th Edition. [marefa.org]
Published on Jan 17, 2016 Pathophysiology and Approach and Management of a case of OP poisoning 1. Clinical Vignette You are posted as a CMO, casualty in the month of June. [slideshare.net]
A better understanding of the pathophysiology of pesticides might stop doctors using inappropriate antidotes. There may also be considerable benefit from the development of postgraduate training programmes in clinical toxicology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
"Pathophysiology: The biological basis for disease in Adults and Children". 5th Edition. Elsievier Publishing [ page needed ] ^ March 23, 2011. "POTASSIUM IODIDE - ORAL (SSKI) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions". Medicinenet.com. [en.wikipedia.org]
Prevention
They don’t prevent your body from taking in the radiation and don’t help prevent radiation damage to other parts of the body. Potassium iodide is available without a prescription as pills or drops. It is also found in radiation exposure kits. [blogs.webmd.com]
[…] contamination of drinking water requires a multidisciplinary perspective, one that incorporates elements of bacteriology, chemistry, physics, engineering, public health, preventive medicine, and control and evaluation management. [books.google.com]
Apply vitamin E oil(E.g. from capsule) to keep area moist day and night and prevent reddened, dry skin from flaking. [healyourselfathome.com]
This effect is useful when we want to prevent unwanted reactions. [www2.uni-siegen.de]
To help prevent this kind of toxicity, the Institute of Medicine provided the guideline known as Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (TUL). [tandurust.com]