METHODS: In the present study, we investigated its molecular mechanism, focusing on the role of a transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which regulates the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and vascular endothelial [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Learning issues, if present, can be mild. [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]

Vasenius presented the results at the 13th EFORT Congress 2012. He and his colleagues received the Free Paper Silver Award at the meeting for their work. [healio.com]

• Pain

  Pain evaluation by 10-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain perception. Absence of adverse events was set as a secondary measure. [super-inductive-system.com]

  It causes pain, stiffness, and swelling. Over time, the joint can become severely damaged. [icdlist.com]

  Pain, trauma, immobility, weakness, and edema commonly contribute to reduced joint range of motion. The body’s natural reaction to a painful joint is to “splint” or immobilize it. [clinicalgate.com]

  Joint contracture does impact burn patients' quality of life, especially with respect to physical functioning, physical role limitations, bodily pain, and vitality. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The symptoms include pain and difficulty with sleeping and reaching up the back. [epainassist.com]

• Cerebral Palsy

  Abstract This study assessed the temporomandibular joint of 34 children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy for contractures to determine whether joint abnormalities were related to oral-motor dysfunction. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Recurrence of equinus foot deformity in cerebral palsy patients following surgery: a review. J South Orthop Assoc. 2003;12:125–33. PubMed Google Scholar 9. Shore BJ, White N, Graham HK. [link.springer.com]

  Contraction of the joint may also be caused by inherited disorders, neurologic conditions (such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and cerebral palsy), inflammatory conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis), or scarring from an injury [lancasterortho.com]

  […] v=Ui7XKzbXgr8 [last accessed 06/08/16] ↑ Mauro C, Treatment of fixed knee flexion deformity and crouch gait using distal femur extension osteotomy in cerebral palsy, 2008, 2(1): 37–43 (C) ↑ Mahkotaorthopaedics. [physio-pedia.com]

  The most common trigger is prolonged muscle spasticity in the affected area, usually as a result of an underlying condition such as cerebral palsy. [docdoc.com]

• Weakness

  Seventy per cent (70%) of participants had muscle weakness in one or more muscle groups. As muscle weakness, joint contractures were present at early stage of MS and the prevalence was associated with the progression of the disease. [multiple-sclerosis-research.blogspot.com]

  In addition, she experienced humeropelvic muscular weakness and atrophy, so that she was unable to walk by age 27. At 34 years of age, she required a permanent pacemaker to treat complete atrioventricular block with ventricular bradycardia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Drug-induced muscle weakness Muscle weakness also may be a side effect of certain drugs used to treat lupus and related conditions, including prednisone and other corticosteroids, cholesterol-lowering drugs and hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®). [resources.lupus.org]

  Neurologic conditions that increase muscle tone or cause weakness contribute to contractures because of unequal forces generated by opposing muscle groups. [clinicalgate.com]

  Children who have classic arthrogryposis frequently experience muscle weakness accompanied by joint stiffness. Syndromic Arthrogryposis This type affects internal organs, along with muscles and joints. [gillettechildrens.org]

• Inflammation

  Joints can be damaged by many types of injuries or diseases, including Arthritis - inflammation of a joint. It causes pain, stiffness, and swelling. Over time, the joint can become severely damaged. [icdlist.com]

  Muscle aches and pain may be from symptoms that happen when your body is responding to some type of inflammation, from muscle atrophy (weakness) or from a true myositis. Inflammation Inflammation is the most common reason for muscle pain and aches. [resources.lupus.org]

  These include: Deformity Immobility Injury Chronic inflammation Certain disorders that affect nerves and muscles almost always lead to contractures. For example: Muscular dystrophy Cerebral palsy Contractures are also associated with spasticity. [knowyourdisease.com]

  These results imply that inflammation and nociception are involved in myogenic contracture formation independently of joint immobilization, and that CBX is effective in preventing joint contracture following immobilization in rats. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Hand involvement includes sclerodactyly, joint contractures, inflammation and carpal tunnel syndrome. On this page we cover joint contractures, joint inflammation, and carpal tunnel syndrome. [sclero.org]

• Swelling

  It causes pain, stiffness, and swelling. Over time, the joint can become severely damaged. [icdlist.com]

  Common post-operative care following elbow contracture release includes the following: Initially, you will have a lightly wrapped, bulky bandage from your shoulder to your hand to minimize swelling and bleeding. [ypo.education]

  It can swell the soft tissue in your hands and fingers. That can affect your joints in different ways. Swan neck deformity. This is when the joint closest to the end of your finger pulls the fingertip downward. [webmd.com]

  Even a small amount of swelling or scar tissue can block joint motion and lead to a contracture. [3pointproducts.com]

• Ulcer

  Joint Contractures, Ulcerations, Severe Raynaud’s Linked to Impaired Hand Function in Scleroderma. [sclero.org]

  This treatment also helps prevent pressure ulcers (bedsores). Splints or braces called orthotics can help stretch the muscles and joints. [summitmedicalgroup.com]

  Joint contractures further increase the risk of other adverse patient outcomes like pain, pressure ulcers and risk of falls [ 8 ]. [bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com]

• Skin Disease

  NIH: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Hypermobile joints (Medical Encyclopedia) Joint pain (Medical Encyclopedia) Joint swelling (Medical Encyclopedia) Joint x-ray (Medical Encyclopedia) Limited range of motion (Medical [icdlist.com]

• Arthritis

  For arthritis, injuries, or other diseases, you may need joint replacement surgery to remove the damaged joint and put in a new one. [icdlist.com]

  Compared to rheumatoid arthritis, lupus arthritis is less disabling and less likely to cause destruction of the joints. [resources.lupus.org]

  Each of these conditions increases the risk for contractures: Rheumatoid arthritis Tenosynovitis (inflammation of a tendon and its sheath) Polio and other diseases of nerves and muscles Trauma Burns Scarring Prolonged inactivity Symptoms: The primary [knowyourdisease.com]

  Hand Exercises for Rheumatoid Arthritis. 7 hand-stretching exercises to ease rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Denise Mann, Web MD. The Mayo Clinic's Slide Show: Hand exercises for people with arthritis. [sclero.org]

• Flexion Contracture

  Abstract The most frequent cause of flexion contracture is immobilization, which may occur with or without trauma. Posttraumatic flexion contracture mainly develops from direct injury, intraarticular fluid and the physiological muscle balance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Abstract Various splints are available for the correction of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint flexion contracture in patients with hand injuries. This article discusses the mechanics of several splints. [ajot.aota.org]

  This chapter reviews the current methods for evaluating and treating equinus contractures, knee flexion contractures, and knee extension contractures in children. [link.springer.com]

  Complete exercises for a knee flexion contracture only under the supervision of your therapist or doctor. People who sit or lie with their knee flexed for extended periods of time may develop knee flexion contractures. [livestrong.com]

• Fracture

  Fractures Fractured Arm A fractured arm may involve any of the three bones in your arm – the ulna, radius and humerus. One of the most common causes of an arm fracture is falling onto an outstretched hand. [orthobalancept.com]

  Injuries at the elbow included fractures, elbow dislocations, fracture-dislocations, and biceps tendon ruptures. Subjects were treated as their injury necessitated, with a rehabilitation protocol for each injury type. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Joints traumatized by fracture or reconstructive surgery, such as anterior cruciate ligament repair or arthroplasty, are susceptible to contractures [ 2 ]. [clinicalgate.com]

  It is a common complication following elbow surgery, fractures, dislocations, and burns. The normal functional range of motion for an elbow is 30-145 degrees. [ypo.education]

• Joint Swelling

  It causes pain, stiffness, and swelling. Over time, the joint can become severely damaged. [icdlist.com]

  In contrast, the images on the right of a child with juvenile arthritis show the typical joint swelling and erosive bone lesions. Photos courtesy of J. Edmond Wraith, Rolando Cimaz, and Bianca Link. Figure 3 Spine in Attenuated MPS I. [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]

• Back Pain

  A patient with a knee flexion contracture may complain of a limp [ 17 ] or of hip or low back pain. Nearly half of tetraplegic spinal cord injury patients with a shoulder contracture experienced shoulder pain [ 18 ]. [clinicalgate.com]

  Patrick M Foye, MD Associate Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Co-Director of Musculoskeletal Fellowship, Co-Director of Back Pain Clinic, Director of Coccyx Pain Service (Tailbone Pain Service: www.TailboneDoctor.com), University of [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Stroke

  Joint contractures, usually defined as limited passive range of joint motion are common in people with neurological conditions such as stroke or spinal cord injury. [clinicaltrials.gov]

  More than 50% of individuals develop contractures following stroke. Shoulders and hips most commonly affected. 3 Main Causes: Immobilization Weakness Spasticity Less is not more. [saebo.com]

  Contraction of the joint may also be caused by inherited disorders, neurologic conditions (such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and cerebral palsy), inflammatory conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis), or scarring from an injury [lancasterortho.com]

  The prevalence of joint contractures, pressure sores, painful shoulder, other pain, falls, and depression in the year after a severely disabling stroke. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Excitement

  Enter a word (“newspaper”), a word combination (“exciting trip”) or a phrase (“with all good wishes”) into the search box. [it.pons.com]

A 22-year-old male with a PIP joint contraction following replantation failed conventional treatment for release. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This part of the CORDLESS trial involved the evaluation of 1,080 joints in 643 subjects 3 years after treatment; 58% of joints achieved clinical success after initial treatment with CCH. [healio.com]

You can pass the course of treatment in our rehabilitation center. [medicalcentr.com]

Patients who could comply with the treatment recommendations for DTS treatment did better than those who could not, with an improvement of the MID from 16 mm to 27 mm (p < 0.001) versus 17 mm to 22 mm (p = 0.88). [aetna.com]

Prognosis of Posterior Joint Capsule Contracture Due to advanced medical technology and medical care facilities the prognosis for posterior joint capsule contracture is much better than earlier years. [epainassist.com]

Prognosis Prognosis of contractures will depend upon the cause of the contracture. In general, the earlier the treatment for the contracture begins, the better the prognosis. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Changes in bone shape are also common and may infl uence prognosis and management. In children, joint contractures pose a particular problem. [link.springer.com]

Prognosis The course of the disease is variable in terms of how fast and how far it will progress. It does not inevitably progress to contracture. Most patients do not require surgery. [patient.info]

Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10coded.com]

BACKGROUNDS: There have been many reports describing that the capsular fibrosis of the shoulder joint is the main cause of frozen shoulder, whereas others reported the significance of subacromial impingement as an etiological factor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology The aetiology remains unknown. There are currently no human genes associated with this disease. Diagnostic methods The features of the hand are especially important for the diagnosis. [orpha.net]

Epidemiology/Etiology Flexion deformities can arise by different causes. [physio-pedia.com]

Arthrogryposis (Multiple Congenital Contractures): Diagnostic Approach to Etiology, Classification, Genetics, and General Principles. Eur J Med Genet 2014;57:464-472. Filges I, Hall JG. [rarediseases.org]

Summary Epidemiology Less than 20 cases have been reported in the literature. Clinical description The fingers are thin with absent knuckles and reduced creases over the joints, and patients show an inability to make a full fist. [orpha.net]

The epidemiology of major joint contractures: a systematic review of the literature. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research. 2007:456:22-299. Huckstep RL. Management of neglected joint contractures. [health.cvs.com]

Epidemiological studies indicate a wide range of prevalence of joint contractures in older individuals between 20% and 80% [ 2 – 4 ]. [bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com]

Epidemiology/Etiology Flexion deformities can arise by different causes. [physio-pedia.com]

See Epidemiology and Presentation. Although the cause of Dupuytren disease is unknown, a family history is often present. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Since there is no clear understanding of the pathophysiology of posterior joint capsule contracture, both in vitro and animal studies, are required to examine the tissue's cellular and mechanical response to repetitive tensile loads which lead to pathophysiology [epainassist.com]

As with any progressive metabolic disease, early initiation of therapy that addresses the underlying pathophysiology improves outcome, and can prevent or at least delay the development of irreversible disease manifestations. [ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com]

Pathogenesis/Etiology Although the underlying etiology for the development of Dupuytren disease is uncertain, the basic pathophysiology involves fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition leading to contractures of the palmar fascia. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Providing frequent changes in position and range of motion exercises is important to prevent contrac- tures. The participation of a physiotherapist in his care is critically important to prevent serious pro- gressive deformity. [endoflifecare.tripod.com]

This will prevent the occurrence of DVT and movement in the ankle joint will alleviate stiffness. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Prevention: Prevention of contractures depends on the cause. [knowyourdisease.com]

Joint contracture is preventable. Once a joint wound has started to heal, the patient can enroll in massage therapy, learning exercises from a professional. Stretches can prevent permanent damage from contracture. [scarfade.com]

These results imply that inflammation and nociception are involved in myogenic contracture formation independently of joint immobilization, and that CBX is effective in preventing joint contracture following immobilization in rats. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]