The Jumping Frenchmen Of Maine Also Experienced Echolalia And Echopraxia The exaggerated startle reactions of the Jumping Frenchmen of Maine didn’t always present themselves in the form of jumping or screaming - which, to an extent, are normal responses [ranker.com]

A movie film of the above patient was made and presented with the other data on the two other patients at the 1964 annual meeting of the American Neurological Association. Dr. Thomas P. [deepdyve.com]

Kunkle EC: The “jumpers” of Maine: past history and present status. J Maine Med Assoc 1965;56:191-193. Kunkle EC: The “jumpers” of Maine: a reappraisal. Arch Intern Med 1967;119:355-358. [karger.com]

In addition, Guinon raised the possibility of other symptoms being present, such as the so-called "idées fixes", which are now considered to fall under the category of obsessive-compulsive disorders. [scielo.br]

Several theories have been presented to explain the evolution of Maine's jumping Frenchmen. According to one theory, such diseases are behavioral abnormalities caused by culturally specific operant conditioning. [news-medical.net]

• Movement Disorder

  Chapter 33: the history of movement disorders. Lanska DJ. Lanska DJ. Handb Clin Neurol. 2010;95:501-46. doi: 10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02133-7. Handb Clin Neurol. 2010. PMID: 19892136 Review. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Gilles de la Tourette's academic career will always be remembered for his publications in the area of movement disorders and hysteria, as well as forensic medicine and hypnotism9,12,14. [scielo.br]

  Disord. 16 (3): 530. doi:10.1002/mds.1080. PMID 11391751. S2CID 36221607. ^ Lanska DJ (2010). "Chapter 33: the history of movement disorders". Handb Clin Neurol. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 95: 501–46. doi:10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02133-7. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Fatigue

  Neurasthenia is a disorder with a startle response during periods of great fatigue.[citation needed] Hyperekplexia is a rare autosomal dominant neurological disease. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Epilepsy

  Stevens, H.: Syndrome of Mount & Reback: Form of Reflex Epilepsy, work in progress. 23. Stevens, H.: Syndrome of Gilles de la Tourette and Its Treatment, Med Ann DC 33:277, 1964. 24. [deepdyve.com]

  It has been suggested that many disorders are related to this syndrome, including general anxiety disorders, some forms of Tourette’s, tic disorders, specific startle-induced epilepsy, and others. [medicalbag.com]

• Fishing

  In 1948 a fishing guide in Wedgport, Nova Scotia, of French-Canadian extraction, invited Dr. Fitch to his home in the remote woods to demonstrate his children's unusual response to startle. [deepdyve.com]

• Hunting

  A knife fell down in front of him (evidently the knife had been in the hanging hunting belt). He seized it and thrust it into his son’s body.” Another unusual situation was observed by Shirokogoroff. [medicalbag.com]

• Aspiration

  However, they may be prone to prolonged episodes of rigidity, aspiration, and apnea, which increase the risks of sudden infant death. Cyanosis has been observed in some neonates. [medicalbag.com]

• Cyanosis

  Cyanosis has been observed in some neonates. In those instances, the Vigevano maneuver, consisting of a forced flexion of the head and legs toward the trunk, has been demonstrated to reverse tonic attacks. [medicalbag.com]

• Sweating

  Sweat glands on the skin contract, causing perspiration. Overall, your body is ready to expend more energy. This cascading physiological event happens rapidly and often as a result of a startle response, or startle reflex. [medicalbag.com]

• Suggestibility

  The Disorder Also Led To Extreme Suggestibility By far the most eye-catching symptom of the disorder was an intense degree of suggestibility among the afflicted - so much so they would do practically anything that was suddenly shouted at them. [ranker.com]

  It has been suggested that Latah behavior is more consistent with a learned and/or reward-based response. [medicalbag.com]

  Beard also noticed that the condition was often shared within a family, suggesting that it was inherited. [amazon.it]

  Nevertheless, Guinon also suggested that the disease was associated with hysteria, a hypothesis not shared by Charcot7,9,12,14. [scielo.br]

  Other cases involved echolalia (repeating vocalizations made by another person) and echopraxia (repeating movements made by another person).[4][5][6] Beard noted that the men were "suggestible"[7] and that they "could not help repeating the word or sounds [en.wikipedia.org]

• Behavior Disorder

  One theory suggests that such disorders are behavioral disorders that develop due to culturally-specific operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a method of learning a behavior based upon rewards and punishment. [rarediseases.org]

• Anxiety Disorder

  It has been suggested that many disorders are related to this syndrome, including general anxiety disorders, some forms of Tourette’s, tic disorders, specific startle-induced epilepsy, and others. [medicalbag.com]

• Echolalia

  Sufferers of the disorder also experienced both echolalia and echopraxia: the involuntary repetition of words and actions, respectively. [ranker.com]

  They had an excessive startle response, sometimes with echolalia, echopraxia, or forced obedience. In 1885, Gilles de la Tourette concluded that "jumping" was similar to the syndrome that now bears his name. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Other cases involved echolalia (repeating vocalizations made by another person) and echopraxia (repeating movements made by another person).[4][5][6] Beard noted that the men were "suggestible"[7] and that they "could not help repeating the word or sounds [en.wikipedia.org]

• Echopraxia

  They had an excessive startle response, sometimes with echolalia, echopraxia, or forced obedience. In 1885, Gilles de la Tourette concluded that "jumping" was similar to the syndrome that now bears his name. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Sufferers of the disorder also experienced both echolalia and echopraxia: the involuntary repetition of words and actions, respectively. [ranker.com]

  Other cases involved echolalia (repeating vocalizations made by another person) and echopraxia (repeating movements made by another person).[4][5][6] Beard noted that the men were "suggestible"[7] and that they "could not help repeating the word or sounds [en.wikipedia.org]

• Tic Disorder

  Tourette syndrome is characterized by multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Coprolalia

  Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Tourette, Gilles de la Tourette, Jean-Martin Charcot, tiques, coprolalia. [scielo.br]

  Intorno ad alcuni casi di tic convulsivo con coprolalia ed ecolalia: Analogia col jumping di Beard, il latah della Malesia ed il miriachit di Hammond, Riforma Med 1:184, 1884 25. 2:185, 1885 26. 2:186, 1885. [deepdyve.com]

  Some people who are afflicted may unintentionally swear or use obscene or socially incorrect words or phrases (coprolalia). As the affected individuals grew older, the symptoms are less frequent and severe. [news-medical.net]

  Some affected individuals may involuntarily swear or utter obscene or socially inappropriate words or phrases (coprolalia). [rarediseases.org]

  Charcot JM: Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: a child with convulsive tic and coprolalia: December 13, 1887; in Goetz CG (ed): Charcot: The Clinician: The Tuesday Lessons: Excerpts from Nine Case Presentations on General Neurology Delivered at the Salpêtrière [karger.com]

• Chorea

  Charcot also defined tics clearly, separating them from choreas (which he divided into true choreas, such as Sydenham's chorea, and the others, most of which were considered to be of an hysterical nature)6,7,9,12. [scielo.br]

  Familial Paroxysmal Chorea-Athetosis, Pediatrics 31:656-659, 1963. 21. Lishman, W., et al: Seizures Induced by Movement, Brain 85:93, 1962.Crossref 22. Stevens, H.: Syndrome of Mount & Reback: Form of Reflex Epilepsy, work in progress. 23. [deepdyve.com]

Introduction History Causes and symptoms Epidemiology Diagnosis and treatment References Further reading The Jumping Frenchmen of Maine disorder is a rare condition characterized by an extraordinarily severe startle reaction. [news-medical.net]

Dreissen YE, Tijssen MA: The startle syndromes: physiology and treatment. Epilepsia 2012;53(suppl 7):3-11. Gimlette JD: Remarks on the etiology, symptoms, and treatment of Latah, with a report of two cases. Br Med J 1897;2:455-457. [karger.com]

Syndrome of Gilles de la Tourette and Its Treatment, Med Ann DC 33:277, 1964. 24. [deepdyve.com]

Standard Therapies Treatment There is no specific therapy for individuals with jumping Frenchmen of Maine. [rarediseases.org]

Causes and symptoms Although the specific etiology and processes of jumping Frenchmen of Maine disorder are unknown, it is thought to be a neuropsychiatric disorder. [news-medical.net]

Gimlette JD: Remarks on the etiology, symptoms, and treatment of Latah, with a report of two cases. Br Med J 1897;2:455-457. Abraham JJ: Lâtah and âmok. BMJ 1912;1:438-446. Jenner JA: A successfully treated Dutch case of latah. [karger.com]

These diseases, which are now classified as startle diseases, were considered at the time to be variants of chorea (as opposed to what was called true chorea, or Sydenham's chorea) and to have an hysterical etiology. [scielo.br]

Careful descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies are required for this disorder. Despite the fact that the disorder appears to be uncommon, it is not extremely rare. [news-medical.net]

Careful descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies are also lacking for all of these disorders. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel References Simons RC: The resolution of the Latah paradox. J Nerv Ment Dis 1980;168:195-206. Simons RC: Boo! [karger.com]

The pathophysiology of echopraxia/echolalia: relevance to Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Ganos C, Ogrzal T, Schnitzler A, Münchau A. Ganos C, et al. Mov Disord. 2012 Sep 1;27(10):1222-9. doi: 10.1002/mds.25103. Epub 2012 Jul 17. Mov Disord. 2012. [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Glycine in an inhibitory neurotransmitter common in the spinal cord, and it prevents the central nervous system from overreacting to stimuli. [damninteresting.com]

Beard goes on to describe even stranger behavior, “…The individuals were not able to prevent themselves from starting, striking, dropping, jumping and repeating words or sounds once another person startled them with sudden exclamations or commands. [medicalbag.com]