Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Kallmann Syndrome: Past, Present, and Future. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2015 Dec;30(4):456-66. doi: 10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.456. Review. [medlineplus.gov]

• No Pubic Hair

  Girls have a delay in breast and pubic hair development and no menstruation (monthly period). If not treated, both boys and girls will be infertile (not able to have children). [rch.org.au]

If not enough of these hormones are made, the child will not enter puberty and will not be able to have children of their own without special treatment. [rch.org.au]

Late treatment of hypogonadism thus leads to an increase in fracture and cardiovascular risks, and also to earlier aging. [elsevier.es]

Without treatment, most affected men and women are unable to have biological children (infertile). In Kallmann syndrome, the sense of smell is either diminished (hyposmia) or completely absent (anosmia). [medlineplus.gov]

By contrast, our second patient consulted a doctor at 18 years of age, but the etiology of primary amenorrhea was not investigated at the time, and was simply treated as a symptom. [elsevier.es]

From the pathophysiological viewpoint, it is explained by a defect in the migration of GnRH-secreting fetal neurons from the olfactory placode (where they originate) to the medial basal hypothalamus, where they represent the GnRH pulse generator. [elsevier.es]

In the first case, late diagnosis was due to a psychosocial and cultural component which had previously prevented the patient from consulting a specialist. [elsevier.es]

Misplacement of GnRH-producing neurons in the brain prevents the production of other sex hormones, which interferes with normal sexual development and causes the characteristic features of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. [medlineplus.gov]