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Kalmia Latifoilia Poisoning
Mountain Laurel Poisoning

Presentation

Some of the mentioned species may also contain the toxic glycoside, "Arbutin" also present mainly in the Rose family (Rosaceae). [chm.bris.ac.uk]

[…] weak; they suffered from the cold, and one dried(sic) from pneumonia; they also developed a mild condition of rickets, but did not exhibit symptoms of poisoning by the toxic principle of the laurel and rhododendron. some evidence of rickets was also present [accessdata.fda.gov]

They may be present in collections from Frightful Cave in the Cuatrocienegas Basin of Coahuila, Mexico (Adovasio and Fry 1976; Butler 1948; Campbell 1957; Merrill 1977; Taylor 1988). [texasbeyondhistory.net]

A dwarf cultivar of the species, Kalmia latifolia "Elf" is in flower at present. The petite flower buds set weeks before opening and are just as ornamental as the flowers themselves. [odt.co.nz]

The dose is the amount or quantity of chemical present. [articles.extension.org]

Gastrointestinal

  • Nausea

    Nausea Bilious attacks, with nausea, vertigo, and headache Vomiting NAUSEA; vomiting ≡ more ... ▲ GENITALS ETC Menses Female; Menses too early, or suppressed, with pain in limbs and back and inside of thighs Leucorrhoea follows menses. ≡ more ... ▲ EXTREMITIES [abchomeopathy.com]

    Generally the disease induces dizziness, weakness, excessive perspiration, nausea, and vomiting shortly after the toxic honey is ingested. [food-info.net]

    However, consumption of enough foilage (especially the leaves), berries of flowers can give symptoms of vomiting and stomach upset, very reduced blood pressure and nausea six hours afterwards. [chm.bris.ac.uk]

    It can cause headaches, nausea, heart palpitations, paralysis and even death when taken internally. The slow growing Mountain Laurel is difficult to transplant. In the wild they often colonize by their spreading root system. [mycherokeegarden.com]

    Symptoms include dizziness, weakness, excessive perspiration, nausea, and vomiting. Less commonly, low blood pressure, shock, heart rhythm irregularities, and convulsions may occur, with rare cases resulting in death. [wildflower.org]

  • Vomiting

    Clinical Findings: In contrast to poisoning with other plants containing toxic lectins, the onset of effect (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) is usually rapid. [passeidireto.com]

    Generally the disease induces dizziness, weakness, excessive perspiration, nausea, and vomiting shortly after the toxic honey is ingested. [food-info.net]

    However, consumption of enough foilage (especially the leaves), berries of flowers can give symptoms of vomiting and stomach upset, very reduced blood pressure and nausea six hours afterwards. [chm.bris.ac.uk]

    Rhododendron ponticum, which was described by Xenophon in the anabasis during the expedition of Cyrus in 401BC near Trebizond (today's Trabzon): The number of bee hives was extraordinary, and all of the soldiers that ate of the honey combs lost their senses, vomited [jamanetwork.com]

    Nausea Bilious attacks, with nausea, vertigo, and headache Vomiting NAUSEA; vomiting ≡ more ... ▲ GENITALS ETC Menses Female; Menses too early, or suppressed, with pain in limbs and back and inside of thighs Leucorrhoea follows menses. ≡ more ... ▲ EXTREMITIES [abchomeopathy.com]

  • Diarrhea

    Clinical Findings: In contrast to poisoning with other plants containing toxic lectins, the onset of effect (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) is usually rapid. [passeidireto.com]

    The most common adverse reactions to oral potassium salts are nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain/discomfort, and diarrhea. [ndrugs.com]

    Initial symptoms may include sneezing, diaphoresis, chills, weakness, perioral and limb numbness, and paresthesias, which are followed by vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia with first-degree heart block or junctional bradycardia, dysrhythmias (including [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  • Abdominal Pain

    The most common adverse reactions to oral potassium salts are nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain/discomfort, and diarrhea. [ndrugs.com]

    pain, headache, tingling of skin, lack of coordination, convulsions, paralysis Toxic Principle: Andromedotoxin, a resinoid; arbutin, a glycoside Severity: HIGHLY TOXIC, MAY BE FATAL IF EATEN! [plants.ces.ncsu.edu]

Cardiovascular

  • Slow Pulse

    In severe cases there can be loss of coordination, slow pulse and difficulty breathing. [fowa.org.uk]

    Generalities Pulse; heavy; and slow slow Weakness (see lethargic, weariness) [abchomeopathy.com]

    Excess doses cause vertigo, headache, loss of sight, salivation, thirst, nausea, palpitations, slow pulse and difficulty in breathing. See also the notes above on toxicity. [naturalmedicinalherbs.net]

    pulse, nausea, vomiting, sweating, abdominal pain, headache, tingling of skin, lack of coordination, convulsions, paralysis Toxic Principle: Andromedotoxin, a resinoid; arbutin, a glycoside Severity: HIGHLY TOXIC, MAY BE FATAL IF EATEN! [plants.ces.ncsu.edu]

    Excess doses cause vertigo, headache, loss of sight, salivation, thirst, nausea, palpitations, slow pulse and difficulty in breathing[238]. See also the notes above on toxicity. Antifungal [303]. Other Uses Dye ; Hedge ; Hedge ; Wood. [pfaf.org]

  • Hypotension

    […] include sneezing, diaphoresis, chills, weakness, perioral and limb numbness, and paresthesias, which are followed by vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia with first-degree heart block or junctional bradycardia, dysrhythmias (including torsade de pointes), hypotension [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Neurologic

  • Headache

    For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. [ndrugs.com]

    Family stresses, long shopping lines, and unrealistic expectations are enough to trigger tension headaches even in people who are not headache prone 12/04/2018 What's Going on Near You 10,000 Pounds of Peanut Butter What would you do with 10,000 pounds [escambia.ifas.ufl.edu]

    ▲ HEAD Head Confusion of brain Headache Pain in front and temporal region from head to nape and to teeth; from cardiac origin. ≡ more ... ▲ EYES Eyes Vision impaired Stiff, drawing sensation when moving eyes Rheumatic iritis Scleritis, Pain increased [abchomeopathy.com]

    It can cause headaches, nausea, heart palpitations, paralysis and even death when taken internally. The slow growing Mountain Laurel is difficult to transplant. In the wild they often colonize by their spreading root system. [mycherokeegarden.com]

    Excess doses cause vertigo, headache, loss of sight, salivation, thirst, nausea, palpitations, slow pulse and difficulty in breathing. See also the notes above on toxicity. [naturalmedicinalherbs.net]

  • Irritability

    Kalmia latifolia irritates skin, irritates eyes and causes an upset stomach. Its fruit, bark, seeds, seed capsules, foliage and sap are toxic. [gardenersworld.com]

    […] deficiency), foxglove, bulb of hyacinth, Indian tobacco, iris root, poinsettia, pokeroot, apricot kernels, apple seeds, green tubers and new sprouts of potatoes, privet, rhubarb leaves, wild tomatoes, skunk cabbage, and jimsonweed; and plants containing irritating [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

    It has a splendid effect and will be found useful in overcoming obstinate chronic irritation of the mucous surface. [botanical.com]

    These symptoms are due to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract and are best managed by diluting the preparation further, taking the dose with meals or reducing the amount taken at one time. [ndrugs.com]

    The danger can range from mild irritation to severe illness or death. Even non-poisonous plants can cause choking if someone tries to eat them. Every situation is different; these lists are just a guide. [poison.org]

  • Seizure

    […] perioral and limb numbness, and paresthesias, which are followed by vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia with first-degree heart block or junctional bradycardia, dysrhythmias (including torsade de pointes), hypotension, CNS and respiratory depression, and seizures [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

    Belladonna(Deadly Nightshade) like Sally's in Nightmare before Christmas Oleander richtig schneiden Garden Deco, Tricks, Nifty, Flora, Garage, Terrace, Right Guy, Ornamental Plants, Hydrangea Oleander 2 - Oleander poisoning leads to drowsiness, tremors, seizures [pinterest.es]

  • Guillain-Barré Syndrome

    The syndrome may be clinically indistinguishable from Guillain–Barré syndrome. This may terminate in respiratory paralysis. Cases are reported relatively frequently in southwestern United States. [passeidireto.com]

Treatment

For the treatment of patients with hypokalemia with or without metabolic alkalosis, in digitalis intoxication, and in patients with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis. [ndrugs.com]

Used internally, the leaves have a splendid effect in the treatment of active haemorrhages, diarrhoea and flux. They are also used in the treatment of syphilis, inflammatory fevers, neuralgia, paralytic conditions, tinnitus and angina. [naturalmedicinalherbs.net]

However, the leaves, when crushed into a thick green paste, are extremely effective for the treatment of poison ivy rash. It works far better than Calamine lotion or even Aloe. [redbubble.com]

Used internally, the leaves have a splendid effect in the treatment of active haemorrhages, diarrhoea and flux[4, 21, 61]. [pfaf.org]

Chemical control Use fungicides as preventative treatments. Tank-mix and/or alternate products from different groups with different modes of action to prevent the buildup of resistant fungi. According to IR-4 data, Aliette is safe on this crop. [pnwhandbooks.org]

Prevention

Prevention The increased desire of the public for natural (unprocessed) foods, may result in more cases of grayanotoxin poisoning. [food-info.net]

Prevent potted plants in nurseries from falling over allowing foliage to touch the ground. Chemical control Use fungicides as preventative treatments. [pnwhandbooks.org]

V) The extreme difficulty of propagating this species by vegetative methods has hitherto prevented the production in quantity of named cultivars, though these would be desirable, given the great variability in flower-colour of its seedlings, and the reluctance [treesandshrubsonline.org]

For the prevention of hypokalemia in patients who would be at particular risk if hypokalemia were to develop, eg, digitalized patients or patients with significant cardiac arrhythmias. [ndrugs.com]

The seedlings are rather sensitive to damping off, so water them with care, keep them well-ventilated and perhaps apply a fungicide such as garlic as a preventative. [naturalmedicinalherbs.net]

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