The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not the functional hypofrontality--that is, hypoperfusion and hypometabolism in the frontal lobes-seen in late-onset depression is a trait-dependent abnormality of microvascular regulation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The aim of the present study was to examine whether LOD exhibits more prominent hypofrontality than EOD during performance of the word fluency task (WFT) under multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a newly developed non-invasive functional neuroimaging [keio.pure.elsevier.com]

• Fatigue

  Energy Normal energy level, but reduced activity due to poor initiation related to fatigue. Executive. Subacute decrease in energy and increased complaints of fatigue. [moodclinic.com.au]

  Decreased ability to care for self Physical symptoms : Significant change in appetite or weight Psychomotor retardation Physical pains without any discernable reason Gastrointestinal symptoms Headaches Multiple diffuse symptoms Insomnia or hypersomnia Fatigue [valleybehavioral.com]

  Although not as severe as those of major depression, symptoms of persistent depressive disorder also include the presence of two (or more) of the following: Feelings of hopelessness Low self-esteem Low energy or fatigue Poor appetite or overeating Difficulty [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  The Genetic and Environmental Structure of the Covariation Among the Symptoms of Insomnia, Fatigue, and Depression in Adult Females. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012; 15 (6):1-7 19. Nakao M, Yano E. [medsci.org]

• Weight Loss

  loss or weight gain Decrease in sexual urge Behavioral Symptoms: Becoming withdrawn socially; avoiding social interactions Becoming slow in movements Losing interest in maintaining personal hygiene or grooming Decrease in the abilities to function in [sen.ust.hk]

  (P = .008), more weight loss and a suppressed appetite (P less than .007), fewer feelings of worthlessness (P = .01), less diminished concentration (P = .04), and fewer thoughts of death (P less than .001). [mdedge.com]

  Megestrol acetate and mirtazapine for the treatment of unplanned weight loss in the elderly. Pharmacotherapy. 2009;29(4):383–397. 74. Jung Y, Jun T, Kim K, Bahk W. [dovepress.com]

  Longer duration of symptoms, a personal history of depressive episodes, a serious suicide attempt, childhood events, a family history of depression, and high neuroticism are more often present in EOD, whereas decreased appetite/weight loss is more prominent [jmedsoc.org]

  Depression is associated with poor food intake and weight loss and is an important psychological component for becoming malnourished in late life.[4],[5] Older adults are at a high risk of cognitive impairment, although it is no longer considered as a [ijcm.org.in]

• Weight Gain

  […] loss or weight gain Decrease in sexual urge Behavioral Symptoms: Becoming withdrawn socially; avoiding social interactions Becoming slow in movements Losing interest in maintaining personal hygiene or grooming Decrease in the abilities to function in [sen.ust.hk]

  The authors found, using a continuous age of onset indicator ranging from 4 to 64 years and adjusting for socio-demographic factors, late onset depression was associated with less sadness (P less than .001), less weight gain and fewer increases in appetite [mdedge.com]

  Side effects include weight gain and sedation due to histamine receptor effects. [statpearls.com]

• Malaise

  Parental characteristics included mother's internalizing symptoms, which were assessed with the Rutter Malaise Inventory34 when the study members were ages 5, 7, and 9 years. [jamanetwork.com]

• Increased Appetite

  The most important symptoms elevating the risk of late-onset depression in a multivariate model were lack of joy and interest, poor concentration, increased appetite, lack of energy and joint pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Common side effects include sedation, increased appetite causing weight gain, dry mouth, and constipation. Noradrenergic effects are more pronounced over the anti-histaminergic effects at higher dosages and thus lower sedative effects. [statpearls.com]

• Loss of Appetite

  On the other hand, true loss of appetite may mistakenly be attributed to low quality of food. - Fatigue : This symptom is usually present, however it may be blamed on old age, and treated with vitamins and other 'antifatigue' drugs. [annals-general-psychiatry.biomedcentral.com]

  Loss of appetite: This symptom is also difficult to assess, especially in individuals living in circumstances whereby the quality of food may be low. On the other hand, true loss of appetite may mistakenly be attributed to low quality of food. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Suicidal Ideation

  We used PHQ-9 item #9 as our measure of suicidal ideation. [tandfonline.com]

  The researchers also examined suicidal ideation in the mood disorder patients at baseline. Just one patient experienced suicidal ideation, and that patient didn’t have any worsening of suicidal ideation throughout the course of the study. [mdmag.com]

  Last week, we examined the high rates of major depression and suicidal ideation (SI) in medical interns. In this week’s Research Connection, we’ll take a look at the second of three studies, in which Dr. [afsp.org]

  Firstly, treatment outcome and suicidal ideations assessed in previous studies relate to the index episode and not exclusively to the first episode as in the present study. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Psychomotor Retardation

  Measures of depression severity, psychomotor retardation, verbal and visual memory and vascular and specific genetic risk factors were collected. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  CONCLUSION: We concluded that early onset depression patients have more severe psychomotor retardation and general somatic symptoms than late onset depression patients in Korea. [koreamed.org]

  retardation Physical pains without any discernable reason Gastrointestinal symptoms Headaches Multiple diffuse symptoms Insomnia or hypersomnia Fatigue or reduction in energy Changes in the structure and functioning of the brain Cognitive symptoms : [valleybehavioral.com]

• Feeling of Worthlessness

  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Low spirits and feelings of worthlessness were more frequently found in EOD, they were sufficient discriminators to distinguish elderly subjects with EOD and LOD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] of worthlessness (P = .01), less diminished concentration (P = .04), and fewer thoughts of death (P less than .001). [mdedge.com]

  The questions are designed to test the mood, energy level, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, guilt feelings, hopelessness, worthlessness, and suicidal ideations. Each question gets a score of 0 or 1 points. [statpearls.com]

  […] of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt; and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation. [dovepress.com]

• Sleep Disturbance

  disturbance Decrease or increase in appetite Unusual weight loss or weight gain Decrease in sexual urge Behavioral Symptoms: Becoming withdrawn socially; avoiding social interactions Becoming slow in movements Losing interest in maintaining personal [sen.ust.hk]

  Symptoms such as psychosis, sleep disturbance, and aggressiveness can be confused with dementia or depressive disorder, according to an article in Primary Psychiatry. [healthline.com]

  The common side effects include gastrointestinal distress (nausea, diarrhea), anxiety, and sleep disturbance.[17] Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI): These are considered as the second-line treatment and include venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine [statpearls.com]

  disturbance (increased or decreased sleep) Appetite disturbance (increased or decreased appetite) typically with weight change Energy disturbance (increased or decreased energy/activity level), usually fatigue Poor memory or concentration Feelings of [en.wikipedia.org]

  Both smoking and alcohol use are the risk factors of LLD.18 In addition, the use of sleep medication has been linked to LLD, but sleep disturbance in general is a risk factor for LLD.35 Screening In the following text, we only discuss screening tools [dovepress.com]

• Difficulty Concentrating

  Depression can result in irritation, withdrawal, social isolation, feelings of guilt, difficulty concentrating, a lack of energy and self-harm. [senexpertsolicitors.co.uk]

  concentrating or remembering changing habits thinking of or attempting suicide If you think someone is at immediate risk of self-harm or hurting another person: Call 911 or your local emergency number. [healthline.com]

  Symptoms can include feelings of despair or guilt, sadness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, changes in appetite, and thoughts of suicide or of harming the baby. [nysenate.gov]

Physical examination to rule out any medical or neurological disorder should be part of the total workup. [statpearls.com]

• Gliosis

  Neuropathological evaluation included bilateral semi-quantitative assessment of lacunes, deep white matter and periventricular demyelination, cortical microinfarcts and both focal and diffuse gliosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Multivariate analysis showed that treatment with tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics were associated with prolonged LOHS. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment response in late-onset depression: relationship to neuropsychological, neuroradiological and vascular risk factors. [research.manchester.ac.uk]

Further research is warranted to ascertain the link between late-onset depression, neuropsychological deficits and prognosis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This will give us a better understanding of the connection between brain changes, neuropsychology and depression prognosis, which is decisive for accurate diagnostics, effective treatment and targeted prevention of the disease in the long run. [clinicaltrials.gov]

In fact for every medical illness studied, e.g. heart disease, diabetes, cancer, individuals who are depressed have a worse prognosis. [books.google.com]

Given its high prevalence, its negative impact on individual health, and its negative long-term prognosis, it is a condition of great public health relevance. [grantome.com]

OBJECTIVE: It has been proposed that early-onset depression (EOD) and late-onset depression (LOD) differ etiologically and phenomenologically. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Various theories have been postulated to elucidate the etiology of late onset depression, but a unifying hypothesis is lacking. [go.gale.com]

These data suggest that depression in patients with early-onset PD may have a different etiology than in patients with late-onset PD. © 1989 by the American Academy of Neurology AAN Members: Sign in with your AAN member credentials (e-mail or 6-digit [neurology.org]

OBJECTIVES: In this paper we review clinical, epidemiological, structural neuroimaging and genetic investigations of late life depression that have been performed over the past two decades and offer evidence that LOD is often a prodromal disorder for [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[sup][2] The prevalence of either a major depressive episode or dysthymia in the epidemiologic catchment area survey was 2.5% in the geriatric age group. [go.gale.com]

This is the first volume devoted to the epidemiology, phenomenology, psychobiology, treatment and consequences of late-life depression. [books.google.com]

Patients who scored ≥16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and/or were currently taking antidepressant medication specifically for the treatment of depression were considered to have depressive symptoms. [psychiatryadvisor.com]

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that loss of white matter integrity in parahippocampal gyrus may be associated with the pathophysiology of LOD, and thus highlight the limbic contribution to the pathophysiology of LOD. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These differential findings are important factors to keep in mind for diagnostics, treatment, and prevention. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The hope is in the future to be able to offer patients in the risk group better assessment and treatment to prevent complications and recurrence. [clinicaltrials.gov]