–Alopecia syphilitica: a non-inflammatory and non-cicatricial hair loss that can present in diffuse pattern, moth eaten pattern or a combination of both. –Mucous patches are present in up to 30% of cases. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Leptomeninges Lesions of latent syphilis occur very frequently in the meninges, being present in the great majority of cases. [annals.org]

Cleft lip as a presentation of congenital syphilis. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2012; 33 :58–9. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Small, open sores may be present on mucous membranes. The sores may contain pus, or moist sores that look like warts may be present (condyloma lata). In dark-skinned people the sores may be a lighter color than the surrounding skin. [uofmhealth.org]

LATE LATENT syphilis presents a therapeutic problem that is unique. [jamanetwork.com]

• Pathologist

  This book is of value to pathologists, endocrinologists, clinicians, and medical researchers. Table of Contents Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition Chapter I.—Introduction Chapter II. [elsevier.com]

• Goiter

  This book is composed of 15 chapters, and begins with a brief introduction to the pathology of syphilis, followed by chapters on the physiologic changes in the thyroid gland, including thyroid enlargement and goiter formation, in early syphilis. [elsevier.com]

• Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

  fatigue syndrome is not a latent infection. 38 Melenotte C...Raoult D 30722945 2019 11 Natural experiment of syphilis treatment with doxycycline or benzathine penicillin in HIV-infected patients. 38 Antonio MB...Avelino-Silva VI 30102654 2019 12 A Novel [malacards.org]

• Hutchinson's Triad

  ’s triad (composed of Hutchinson’s teeth, interstitial keratitis and sensorineural deafness), Clutton’s joints (synovitis and joint effusion), short maxillae and a high arched palate. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

• Dysphagia

  —Notes on Nervous Dysphagia, with Special Reference to Its Cause Chapter VIII.—Syphilis and Nervous Dyspepsia Chapter IX.—Syphilis and the 'Chronic Abdomen' Chapter X.—Abdominal Adhesions in Latent Syphilis Chapter XI. [elsevier.com]

• Dyspepsia

  —Syphilis and Nervous Dyspepsia Chapter IX.—Syphilis and the 'Chronic Abdomen' Chapter X.—Abdominal Adhesions in Latent Syphilis Chapter XI.—Some Clinical Features in Latent Syphilis Chapter XII. [elsevier.com]

• Bowing of Tibia

  The most important signs include frontal and parietal bossing (bony prominences of forehead), saber shins (sharp anterior bowing of tibia), saddle nose, Hutchison’s incisors (small, notched, peg-shaped upper incisors), mulberry molars (multiple rounded [dermatologyadvisor.com]

• Joint Effusion

  (synovitis and joint effusion), short maxillae and a high arched palate. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

• Hyperkeratosis

  When the lesions are pruritic and when hyperkeratosis is pronounced, the eruption may resemble psoriasis. The occasional presence of the Koebner phenomenon further contributes to this confusion. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

• Koebner Phenomenon

  The occasional presence of the Koebner phenomenon further contributes to this confusion. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

• Visual Hallucination

  Three patients developed a progressive impairment of their cognitive function in the form of visual hallucination and peripheral neuromuscular affections. [sjkdt.org]

• Limb Weakness

  Progressive painless lower limbs weakness in a dialyzed patient: Undiagnosed tertiary syphilis: A case report. Cases J 2010;3:23. [ PUBMED ] 5. French P, Gomberg M, Janier M, Schmidt B, van Voorst Vader P, Young H; IUST. [sjkdt.org]

• Areflexia

  […] syphilis ) tooth abnormalities (congenital syphilis ) necrotising funisitis (congenital syphilis ) mouth ulcer asymptomatic ( latent syphilis ) tremor headache meningismus eye pain hearing loss seizures peripheral oedema jaundice peripheral neuropathy areflexia [tripdatabase.com]

• Staphylococcus Aureus

  aureus septicaemia with endophthalmitis showcased by multimodal retinal imaging and with 2-year follow-up. 38 Prajapati R...Kelly SP 30567135 2018 15 Risk of sexually transmitted infections following depressive disorder: A nationwide population-based [malacards.org]

[…] in pregnancy 15 4.1 Maternal assessment 15 4.2 Prenatal assessment 16 4.2.1 Ultrasound findings 16 4.3 Treatment of syphilis in pregnancy 17 4.4 Treatment of late latent or syphilis of unknown duration 17 4.5 Monitoring serological response to treatment [tripdatabase.com]

Treatment Of Skin Diseases. 2010. pp. 730-733. (An excellent brief review of treatment of syphilis with annotated references and review of controversies in treatment.) “Sexually transmitted diseases guidelines 2010”. MMWR. vol. 59. 2010. pp. 1-106. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

If any benefit is to result from treatment, it must be, therefore, through a reduction in the frequency of subsequent clinical progression. [jamanetwork.com]

In addition, oral penicillin is never appropriate for the treatment of syphilis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

TREATMENT The choice of treatment in cases of syphilis depends on clinically staging the infection into early and late syphilis as defined above. Benzathine penicillin is the preferred treatment. [mshc.org.au]

Only by comparing final results in large numbers of patients, treated and untreated, can it be shown that the prognosis in latent syphilis can be altered by therapy. [jamanetwork.com]

Syphilis Prognosis Primary, secondary, and early latent syphilis can be treated successfully with antibiotics. Late latency (more than 1 year after the secondary stage) is difficult to treat. [healthcommunities.com]

Prognosis and Patient Counseling. Patients should be counseled on safe sex practices as well as signs and symptoms of partially treated/latent infection. VI. Patient Safety and Quality Measures A. Core Indicator Standards and Documentation. [cancertherapyadvisor.com]

Other Treponema species found in the human mouth, genital mucosa, and gastrointestinal tract have been associated with disease (e.g., periodontitis), but their role as primary etiologic agents is unclear. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

Its exact etiology is unclear, although it may be due to an immunological reaction to the rupture of spirochetes. Management of this reaction often involves symptomatic treatment (eg, with antipyretics and analgesics) and observation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Etiology Pathogen Treponema pallidum : gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria belonging to the spirochete family Transmission Sexual contact (via small mucocutaneous lesions) Vertical Treponema bacteria (particularly during stages I/II) are highly contagious [amboss.com]

Etiology T. pallidum is a motile, corkscrew-shaped spirochete. Spirochetes are gram negative and have a flagellar bundle running through their periplasmic space causing the cells to move in a corkscrew fashion. Its size varies from 6 to 20um. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Trichomonas vaginalis is another cause of persistent urethritis, but for men, there is no FDA-approved NAAT for this etiology, Dr. Choi noted. [acpinternist.org]

38 Arando M...Vall-Mayans M 29775498 2018 18 Characteristics of Persons With Repeat Syphilis-Idaho, 2011 to 2015. 38 Kassem AM...Carter KK 29543622 2018 19 The Epidemiology of Syphilis in New York City: Historic Trends and the Current Outbreak Among Men [malacards.org]

Epidemiology References: [1] [2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Reexamining syphilis: An update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Ann Pharmacother 2008;42:226-36. [ PUBMED ] 10. Singh AE, Wong T, Prithwish DE. [sjkdt.org]

CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIVE SYPHILIS Infective syphilis is caused by the anaerobic filamentous spirochete, Treponema pallidum. [scielo.br]

Ulcers should always be tested for herpes simplex virus and/or chancroid (if epidemiologically appropriate; see Chancroid chapter) and/or lymphogranuloma venereum (if epidemiologically appropriate; see Lymphogranuloma venereum chapter). [canada.ca]

References: [3] [4] Pathophysiology Clinical features Incubation period 10–90 days ; on average 21 days Primary syphilis Primary lesion ( chancre ) Typically starts out as a solitary, raised papule (usually on the genitals) Evolves into painle ss, firm [amboss.com]

Early syphilis : screen and treat to prevent transmission Prescrire IN ENGLISH - Spotlight ''Early syphilis : screen and treat to prevent transmission'', 1 March 2018 {1} {1} {1} | | > > > Early syphilis : screen and treat to prevent transmission Spotlight [tripdatabase.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2018. Atlanta, GA: Department of Health and Human Services; October 2019. 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [cdc.gov]

Treatment of sexual partners is important to prevent re-infection and to prevent the infection spreading to others. [health.nsw.gov.au]

Can Syphilis Be Prevented? The only way to prevent syphilis and other STDs is not to have sex (oral, vaginal, or anal). If someone decides to have sex, using a latex condom every time can prevent most STDs. [kidshealth.org]

Prevention There is no vaccine for syphilis. To help prevent the spread of syphilis, follow these suggestions: Abstain or be monogamous. The only certain way to avoid syphilis is to not have (abstain from) sex. [mayoclinic.org]