During her physical examination, the patient was confused, drowsy, and she presented hyposthenia in her upper and lower limbs, symmetric and diffuse moderate hyporeflexia, and her temperature was 37.8 degrees C. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Diarrhea

  The management of patients with chronic watery diarrhea is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [medlineplus.gov]

  They may also affect the absorption of some medications Linaclotide : abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, heartburn, nausea Lubriprostone : headache, nausea and severe diarrhea Osmotic and hyperosmotic laxatives: Bloating, cramping, nausea, gas and increased [drugs.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [medlineplus.gov]

  These include: nausea vomiting cramping lower abdominal pain bloating stomach pain You miss a bowel movement for more than two days and have abdominal pain. You develop a rash. [healthline.com]

  Three children discontinued treatment for refusal due to bad taste of the product (1 PEG-only, 2 PEG-EL); 1 (PEG-EL) for an adverse effect (abdominal pain). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Abdominal Cramps

  People who increase their fiber may abruptly suffer abdominal cramping, bloating, or gas. Gradually increase fiber intake. [webmd.com]

  Consumption can cause gas, abdominal cramps and diarrhea, and The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics warns against consuming more than 50 grams of sorbitol a day. [well.blogs.nytimes.com]

  cramping Senna - Sennosides induce defecation by acting directly on the intestinal mucosa or nerve plexus, which stimulates peristaltic activity, increasing intestinal motility; senna usually produces its action 8-12 hours after administration Osmotic [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [medlineplus.gov]

• Chronic Diarrhea

  A 46-year-old man with chronic diarrhea underwent exhaustive investigations, including laparotomy, but a definitive diagnosis could not be made. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Below is a list of the problems that you will encounter if you begin the treacherous road of laxative abuse: Severe abdominal pain Chronic Diarrhea: After repeated use of laxatives you eventually lose control of your rectum and may find a pile of you [healthyplace.com]

  Chronic diarrhea is a common symptom of both. However constipation can be a problem too. [health.com]

  Chronic diarrhea of unknown origin. Gastroenterology 1980; 78: 264–71 PubMed Google Scholar 34. Harris A, Buchanan GN. Melanosis coli is reversible. Colorectal Dis 2009; 11: 788–9 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 35. [doi.org]

Search terms included constipation, treatment, laxative, elderly, and geriatric. Articles were excluded if the mean age was RESULTS: Thirty-one trials were identified. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Extensive investigations failed to establish the etiology, but intestinal perfusion (carried out in four of the five patients) revealed secretion or abnormally low absorption of water and electrolytes in the jejunum and abnormally low absorption in the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The choice of laxative for treatment or prevention of constipation depends on the etiology. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Studies on the etiology of chronic constipation have not been reported, but several lines of information converge on two key contributors. One is the sedentary lifestyle that has become increasingly prevalent. [itmonline.org]

The role of chronic constipation, diarrhea, and laxative use in the etiology of large-bowel cancer: data from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Dis Colon Rectum 1988; 31: 507–12 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 80. [doi.org]

OBJECTIVES: Constipation and laxative use have been hypothesized to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but existing epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Definitions, epidemiology, and impact of chronic constipation. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2004; 4 Suppl. 2: S3–10 PubMed Google Scholar 32. Primrose WR, Capewell AE, Simpson GK. [doi.org]

Epidemiology of constipation in Europe and Oceania: a systematic review. BMC Gastroenterol. 2008 Feb 12. 8:5. [Medline]. Sonnenberg A, Koch TR. Epidemiology of constipation in the United States. Dis Colon Rectum. 1989 Jan. 32(1):1-8. [Medline]. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Keywords absorption castor oil constipation drugs laxatives pathophysiology pharmacology physiology secretion transport Authors and affiliations Francesco Capasso 1 Timothy S. Gaginella 2 1. [doi.org]

Constipation: pathophysiology and management. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan. 31 (1):45-9. [Medline]. Yiannakou Y, Piessevaux H, Bouchoucha M, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]

View Article PubMed Google Scholar McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Varma MG: Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult. World J Gastroenterol. 2008, 14 (17): 2631-2638. 10.3748/wjg.14.2631. [bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com]

Epsom salt laxatives are used to promote, not prevent, digestion and the passing of stool. [livestrong.com]

CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the benefits of a standardized laxative protocol for prevention of constipation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

His constipation has been happening more frequently, and he is looking for a medication that can prevent this from occurring. [study.com]