During her physical examination, the patient was confused, drowsy, and she presented hyposthenia in her upper and lower limbs, symmetric and diffuse moderate hyporeflexia, and her temperature was 37.8 degrees C. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pain

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [nlm.nih.gov]

  CONCLUSIONS: OIC among noncancer pain patients is a persistent and significant condition with varying utilization and response to laxatives thus increasing the ongoing burden of chronic pain. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Inflammation

  Plus, Milk of Magnesia also contains sodium hypochlorite (a derivative of bleach), which can help reduce skin inflammation and kill acne-causing bacteria on the skin, Zeichner explains. Who knew?! [shape.com]

  As do other stimulant laxatives, monoanthrones may induce a limited low-grade inflammation in the colon through activation of prostaglandin/cyclic AMP and nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathways and perhaps inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase. [fpnotebook.com]

  In a series of over 1,000 rectoscopies conducted in Germany, 10% of the patients were found to have melanosis coli; accompanying inflammation of the colon mucosa was seldom found (17); mild inflammation was attributed to an increased turnover of mucosa [itmonline.org]

  […] angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used to lower blood pressure; angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) used to treat high blood pressure, heart, or kidney failure; and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. with inflammation [fda.gov]

  These seeds are super high in fiber, which helps normalize the stool in size and shape, as well as a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, which play a role in easing inflammation. [rd.com]

• Swelling

  However, as such preparations are widely commercially available, it is important for gastroenterologists to be aware of their potential to form a bezoar in the esophagus due to swelling on contact with liquid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  But let your doctor or nurse know straight away if you continue to have cramping or abdominal swelling, or if you get diarrhoea. [cancerresearchuk.org]

  A laxative with a mild or gentle effect on the bowels is also known as an aperient; one with a strong effect is referred to as a cathartic or a purgative. bulk laxative hydrophilic, indigestible substances that absorb water and swell to form an emollient [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  The symptoms of kidney injury include drowsiness, sluggishness, a decreased amount of urine, or swelling of the ankles, feet and legs. [fda.gov]

  Aloe vera latex also has anti-inflammatory components that reduce swelling and and improve function of the digestive organs. [draxe.com]

• Anorexia

  Schalla and Andreas Stengel, Gastrointestinal alterations in anorexia nervosa — A systematic review, European Eating Disorders Review,, (2019). [doi.org]

  A young woman with a previous history of anorexia nervosa presented with severe finger clubbing. Urine samples intermittently contained significant amounts of aspartylglucosamine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The most common eating disorders for those who struggle with laxative abuse are binge-eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa. [carolinaeatingdisorders.com]

• Fever

  An 87-year-old woman was hospitalized for the onset of confusion, tremors, an inability to walk, and a fever that she had been experiencing for 36 hours. She often took high dosages of lactulose and sorbitol syrup as a laxative (about 70 g/day). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Four adverse events leading to drug withdrawal were recorded: acute diarrhoea with fever in one patient, abdominal pain in two patients, and vomiting in one patient. [doi.org]

• Cough

  Diagnostics Detection Tests Fertility Management Lifestyle Management First Aid Bandages Disinfectants Dressings Electrical Gloves Kits Plasters Sundries Temp Mobility & Incontinence Incontinence Products Mobility Aids Otc Remedies Analgesics Cold And Flu Cough [dischem.co.za]

• Diarrhea

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [nlm.nih.gov]

  The management of patients with chronic watery diarrhea is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  There are many possible causes of diarrhea that could be at play: Do you feel nervous about sex or swallowing? Some people experience diarrhea when they are fraught with nerves. [goaskalice.columbia.edu]

• Abdominal Pain

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [nlm.nih.gov]

  Three children discontinued treatment for refusal due to bad taste of the product (1 PEG-only, 2 PEG-EL); 1 (PEG-EL) for an adverse effect (abdominal pain). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  These include: nausea vomiting cramping lower abdominal pain bloating stomach pain You miss a bowel movement for more than two days and have abdominal pain. You develop a rash. [healthline.com]

• Flatulence

  There were no significant differences in laboratory findings or adverse events except for the gastrointestinal category where diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea were the most frequent with PEG although they were not individually statistically significant [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Polyethylene glycol produces less intestinal gas and causes less abdominal bloating and flatulence than other osmotic laxatives. Stimulant laxatives should be used sparingly and only when osmotic laxatives have been ineffective. [aboutibs.org]

  Constipation often leads to further stomach upsets including bloating, gas and flatulence, which may also be relieved by laxatives. Over-the-counter laxatives are available in tablet, gel, liquid, powder or gum form. [livestrong.com]

  When taking fiber supplements, it's essential to drink enough water to minimize the possibility of flatulence and a possible obstruction. People who increase their fiber may abruptly suffer abdominal cramping, bloating, or gas. [webmd.com]

• Abdominal Cramps

  People who increase their fiber may abruptly suffer abdominal cramping, bloating, or gas. Gradually increase fiber intake. [webmd.com]

  Consumption can cause gas, abdominal cramps and diarrhea, and The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics warns against consuming more than 50 grams of sorbitol a day. [well.blogs.nytimes.com]

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [nlm.nih.gov]

• Bulimia Nervosa

  Laxative withdrawal and anxiety in bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 1995; 17: 141–6 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 49. Wiederman MW, Pryor T. Multi-impulsivity among women with bulimia nervosa. [doi.org]

  Participants met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN: 11.5%, n = 264), bulimia nervosa (BN: 39.0%, n = 896), binge-eating disorder (14.9%, n = 343), or other specified feeding or eating disorder (34.5%, n = 792). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The most common eating disorders for those who struggle with laxative abuse are binge-eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa. [carolinaeatingdisorders.com]

  Although patients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa frequently abuse laxatives in an attempt to lose weight, laxatives act to speed up the transit of feces through the large intestine, which occurs subsequent to the absorption [en.wikipedia.org]

  nervosa,” with estimates showing that 10 percent to 60 percent of those with disordered eating use laxatives to help control their weight and feelings. [draxe.com]

• Hypotension

  Some of the less significant adverse effects of laxative abuse include dehydration (which causes tremors, weakness, fainting, blurred vision, kidney damages,...), hypotension, tachycardia, postural dizziness and syncope; however, laxative abuse can lead [en.wikipedia.org]

• Back Pain

  Hard stools that are difficult to pass or infrequent stools accompanied by abdominal pain, back pain, and abdominal bloating define constipation. What causes constipation? There are many causes of constipation including: Diets low in fiber. [medicinenet.com]

• Muscle Spasm

  Electrolyte imbalances can cause tremors, vomiting, urinary tract infections, kidney failure, muscle spasms, and heart attacks leading to death Dehydration resulting from laxative abuse can lead to tremors, fainting, weakness, and blurred vision. [barnard.edu]

  A severe electrolyte imbalance can cause serious health problems such as muscle spasm and twitching, and even convulsions. Using senna for many weeks, even months, could also stop your bowel working properly on its own. [nhs.uk]

• Blister

  Directions take with a glass of water adults and children 12 years of age and over 1 to 3 tablets in a single daily dose children 6 to under 12 years of age 1 tablet in a single daily dose children under 6 years of age ask a doctor Other information blister [dulcolax.com]

  The warning signs of a serious allergic reaction are: getting a skin rash that may include itchy, red, swollen, blistered or peeling skin wheezing tightness in the chest or throat having trouble breathing or talking swelling of the mouth, face, lips, [nhs.uk]

• Eczema

  Baby Toiletries Mother New Mother Stationery Books Student & Office Toys Baby Toys Bath Toys Beach & Garden Toys Childrens Toys Educational Toys Soft Toys Toys SHOP BRANDS BY CATEGORY Baby Mother Stationery Toys View all Brands RELATED ARTICLES The eczema [dischem.co.za]

• Irritability

  Muscle weakness Painful bowel movements Painful urination Slowed breathing Thirst Vomiting Castor oil can cause gastrointestinal irritation. [nlm.nih.gov]

  Vitamins A and D, which are soluble in oil, are removed from the body even when the least irritating laxative, mineral oil, is taken. [infoplease.com]

  Poorly fermented insoluble fiber (e.g., wheat bran) remains as discreet particles which can mechanically irritate the gut mucosa, stimulating water & mucous secretion if the particles are sufficiently large/coarse. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Lubiprostone is used in the management of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Dizziness

  I vomited, had diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, dizziness, you name it I experienced it. [everydayhealth.com]

  Common problems experienced during the abuse of diet pills include dizziness, jitteriness, insomnia, and high blood pressure. [healthyplace.com]

  Bisacodyl: Cramps Diarrhea Senna; Cascara sagrada: Abdominal pain Bloody stools Collapse Diarrhea Phenolphthalein: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Low blood sugar Rash Sodium phosphate: Abdominal pain Collapse Diarrhea [nlm.nih.gov]

  I often felt light-headed, dizzy, and daydreamy; visions of Dawson's Creek floated through my head during history class. Yet no matter how I looked in the mirror, the girl I saw there just didn't seem thin enough. [marieclaire.com]

• Insomnia

  Common problems experienced during the abuse of diet pills include dizziness, jitteriness, insomnia, and high blood pressure. [healthyplace.com]

Search terms included constipation, treatment, laxative, elderly, and geriatric. Articles were excluded if the mean age was RESULTS: Thirty-one trials were identified. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Extensive investigations failed to establish the etiology, but intestinal perfusion (carried out in four of the five patients) revealed secretion or abnormally low absorption of water and electrolytes in the jejunum and abnormally low absorption in the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The choice of laxative for treatment or prevention of constipation depends on the etiology. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Studies on the etiology of chronic constipation have not been reported, but several lines of information converge on two key contributors. One is the sedentary lifestyle that has become increasingly prevalent. [itmonline.org]

The role of chronic constipation, diarrhea, and laxative use in the etiology of large-bowel cancer: data from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Dis Colon Rectum 1988; 31: 507–12 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 80. [doi.org]

OBJECTIVES: Constipation and laxative use have been hypothesized to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but existing epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Definitions, epidemiology, and impact of chronic constipation. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2004; 4 Suppl. 2: S3–10 PubMed Google Scholar 32. Primrose WR, Capewell AE, Simpson GK. [doi.org]

Epidemiology of constipation in Europe and Oceania: a systematic review. BMC Gastroenterol. 2008 Feb 12. 8:5. [Medline]. Sonnenberg A, Koch TR. Epidemiology of constipation in the United States. Dis Colon Rectum. 1989 Jan. 32(1):1-8. [Medline]. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Keywords absorption castor oil constipation drugs laxatives pathophysiology pharmacology physiology secretion transport Authors and affiliations Francesco Capasso 1 Timothy S. Gaginella 2 1. [doi.org]

Constipation: pathophysiology and management. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan. 31 (1):45-9. [Medline]. Yiannakou Y, Piessevaux H, Bouchoucha M, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]

View Article PubMed Google Scholar McCrea GL, Miaskowski C, Stotts NA, Macera L, Varma MG: Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult. World J Gastroenterol. 2008, 14 (17): 2631-2638. 10.3748/wjg.14.2631. [bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com]

CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the benefits of a standardized laxative protocol for prevention of constipation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epsom salt laxatives are used to promote, not prevent, digestion and the passing of stool. [livestrong.com]

His constipation has been happening more frequently, and he is looking for a medication that can prevent this from occurring. [study.com]