A retrospective study was performed among patients who presented at The Sheba Medical Center between 2005 and 2014 with atypical clinical presentations of CL due to L. major. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cervical Lymphadenopathy

  KEYWORDS: Leishmania siamensis, parasites, visceral leishmaniasis, zoonosis, phlebotomine sand fly, Sergentomyia (Neophlebotomus) gemmea, anthropophilic, zoophilic, authochthonous, hepatosplenomegaly, cervical lymphadenopathy; sequence typing, sandflies [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hoarseness

  Two male immunocompetent subjects who developed Leishmania mucosal lesion mimicking a laryngeal tumor presented with a several-months history of dysphonia, dyspnea, hoarseness, and odynophagia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Thrombosis

  In mammals, the NTPDases play important roles in the regulation of thrombosis and inflammation. In parasites of the genus Leishmania, the causative agents of leishmaniasis, two NTPDase isoforms, termed NTPDase-1 and NTPDase-2 have been described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Photosensitivity

  Zn(ii) meso-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (ZnTE-2-PyP4+, ZnP) is a cationic, water-soluble, zinc porphyrin-based photosensitizer whose photodynamic effect on Leishmania braziliensis was analyzed by evaluating the number of visibly undamaged [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cutaneous Larva Migrans

  Angela Schuster, Hannah Lesshafft, Sinésio Talhari, Silás Guedes de Oliveira, Ralf Ignatius, Hermann Feldmeier and Xiao-Nong Zhou, Life Quality Impairment Caused by Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans in Resource-Poor Communities in Manaus, Brazil [doi.org]

• Larva Migrans

  Angela Schuster, Hannah Lesshafft, Sinésio Talhari, Silás Guedes de Oliveira, Ralf Ignatius, Hermann Feldmeier and Xiao-Nong Zhou, Life Quality Impairment Caused by Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans in Resource-Poor Communities in Manaus, Brazil [doi.org]

• Suggestibility

  Results suggest that clioquinol induces a discontinuity of the parasite membrane, possibly related to a characteristic event of cell death caused by necrosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The treatment showed no considerable toxicity against mammalian cells. Therefore, the results indicated that PDT associated with ZnTE-2-PyP4+ represents a promising alternative to cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] complex and L. mexicana complex L. braziliensis may also produce espundia, a destructive mucocutaneous form Human infection through bite of Phlebotomus sand fly (smaller than mosquitoes); rarely through blood contamination Clinical presentation and prognosis [pathologyoutlines.com]

The presentation and prognosis will vary depending on the species involved. [dermnetnz.org]

Therefore, diagnostic solutions that can provide point-of-care testing, prognosis and parasite species identification are essential. Better diagnostic solutions for VL are equally pressing. VL has high rates of mortality. [finddx.org]

Despite that Leishmania mexicana is the main etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in other regions of Mexico, the species causing CL in patients from Sinaloa state has not been previously established, although Leishmania braziliensis has [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiological characterization with identification of existing Leishmania species in a particular region is essential for understanding this parasitosis epidemiology. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology After inoculation by a sand fly, promastigotes are phagocytized by host macrophages; inside these cells, they transform into amastigotes. [merckmanuals.com]

[…] for Disease Control and Prevention [medlineplus.gov]

There are No Vaccines to prevent leishmaniasis. 25. PREVENTION AND CONTROL (.....contd.) 26. [slideshare.net]

What can I do to prevent infection? No vaccines or drugs to prevent infection are available. The best way for travelers to prevent infection is to protect themselves from sand fly bites. [cdc.gov]

Identifying the epidemiological profile and characterizing the Leishmania spp species on regional level is essential to establish control and prevention behaviors, minimizing the number of cases and treatment resistance, recurrence and evolution to mucosal [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]