Presentation
Lentigo maligna presents as a flat macule with geographic shape with coloration from tan to brown to black. [medicine.uiowa.edu]
This presented a significant interpretational problem. [f1000research.com]
Clinically, it presents as a slow-growing, asymmetric macule with irregular, poorly-defined borders and varied pigmentation. Areas of partial regression within the lesion are not uncommon. [ijdvl.com]
[…] the face, presenting as a single large evolving pigmented lesion with changing color. ( With permission from Usatine RP, Moy RL, Tobinick EL, Siegel DM. [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]
A case is presented demonstrating the features of this malignant melanoma with an exceptionally good prognosis. The importance of the clinical and histologic correlation is emphasized to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. [journals.sagepub.com]
Treatment
Early treatment is key to making a full recovery and lowering your chances of recurrence. Even after treatment, carefully monitor your skin for any signs of recurrence. [healthline.com]
Radiotherapy, cryotherapy, or topical treatments are options, although as with any melanoma treatment, the surgical removal of lentigo maligna is preferred and sensible with the latest techniques. [skincarenetwork.co.uk]
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma LM and LMM are highly curable when diagnosed early. [mskcc.org]
The treatment of choice of lentigo maligna is surgical excision if the lesion is small. Radiation therapy is frequently the treatment of choice in the elderly with an extensive lesion. [bccancer.bc.ca]
A systematic review of non-surgical treatments for lentigo maligna. [wiki.cancer.org.au]
Prognosis
A case is presented demonstrating the features of this malignant melanoma with an exceptionally good prognosis. The importance of the clinical and histologic correlation is emphasized to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. [journals.sagepub.com]
Lentigo maligna has a good prognosis when detected early and treated appropriately. However, a small percentage of lesions may be undetected and progress to become an invasive melanoma which is potentially life-threatening. [dermcoll.edu.au]
Prognosis The prognosis for LM/LMM excellent. [statpearls.com]
Does pregnancy influence melanoma prognosis? A meta-analysis. Melanoma Res. 2017 Apr 20. [Medline]. Gray MR, Martin Del Campo S, Zhang X, Zhang H, Souza FF, Carson WE 3rd, et al. [medscape.com]
The prognosis is generally better than for other types of melanomas, reflecting the differences in tumour thickness 1 LeBoit PE, Burg G, Weedon D, Sarasin A (Eds.) World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. [codes.iarc.fr]
Etiology
Solar radiation in the etiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Caucasians. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1982;62:167-71. [PubMed: 7167183] 9. Holman CD, Armstrong BK. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Etiology The major risk factor for development of LM/LMM is ultraviolet radiation (UVR), in particular cumulative lifetime UVR exposure. [6] [7] [8] [9] Several studies have demonstrated that LM/LMM is strongly associated with chronic UVR exposure, as [statpearls.com]
For more information, see the following Etiology and Pathophysiology Risk factors for lentigo maligna melanoma include the following: Ultraviolet radiation exposure: For people who live in Australia, the risk increases as the number of years spent in [emedicine.medscape.com]
Acquisition of oncogenic genetic mutations by chronic ultraviolet light exposure (Annu Rev Pathol 2014;9:239) Flat, spreading, pigmented radial growth phase eventually gives rise to invasive, tumorigenic vertical growth phase with metastatic potential Etiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
Epidemiology
The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Itens for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and MOOSE (Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines were followed for data extraction. [dovepress.com]
Epidemiology, screening, and clinical features. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015 Aug;73(2):181-90, quiz 191-2. [PubMed: 26183967] 25. Buettner PG, Leiter U, Eigentler TK, Garbe C. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Melasma: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 24, 2020. Wolff K, et al. Photosensitivity, photo-induced disorders and disorders by ionizing radiation. [mayoclinic.org]
The epidemiology of LM/LM melanoma might be changing. Full body examination and dermoscopy are of the utmost importance for the diagnosis. [karger.com]
A previous epidemiological publication showed a cumulative risk of LMM of 2–3% in patients with LM (histologically confirmed) after 25 years of follow‐up. 1 If there is a clinical suspicion of LM, current guidelines advise sampling with (punch or incisional [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]
Pathophysiology
[…] between 1990-2000. [18] It is unclear whether these data represent true increases in incidence or improved diagnosis. [24] The faster rise in incidence of MIS compared to invasive melanoma suggests that detection bias plays some role at least. [25] Pathophysiology [statpearls.com]
[…] between 1990 to 2000.[18] It is unclear whether these data represent true increases in incidence or improved diagnosis.[24] The faster rise in the incidence of MIS compared to invasive melanoma suggests that detection bias plays some role at least.[25] Pathophysiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
For more information, see the following Etiology and Pathophysiology Risk factors for lentigo maligna melanoma include the following: Ultraviolet radiation exposure: For people who live in Australia, the risk increases as the number of years spent in [emedicine.medscape.com]
[…] melanoma of skin, unspecified Epidemiology Older patients, usually over 50 (Annu Rev Pathol 2014;9:239) Develops at sites of chronic, continuous, cumulative sun exposure Sites Face, neck, ears, scalp (if not shielded by hair), forearms, dorsal hands Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
Prevention
Lentigo maligna melanoma is more likely to return than some other types of skin cancer, so your doctor may also remove some of the skin surrounding the spot to prevent this. [healthline.com]
Knowing these risk factors may help you and your doctor discuss steps for cancer prevention. [cancercenter.com]
The goals of treatment are to: cure the cancer preserve the appearance of your skin prevent the cancer from coming back The extent and depth of the melanoma guides your care plan. [mskcc.org]
Most people who have had a lentigo maligna, or melanoma in situ, removed will need another operation to try to prevent the melanoma from coming back at the original site. [esms-mohs.eu]
It is therefore important to have it removed with a rim of normal skin (called an adequate surgical margin), there are also preventative measures you can take which will lower your risk of this condition occurring in the future. [cuh.nhs.uk]