They often present with both weakness and sensory loss in a “ glove and stocking” fashion. [lecturio.com]

Cardiac disease may be present in up to 33%. [emedicine.medscape.com]

* About two thirds of patients present at 8-15 years of age, with a range of 2-40 years. * The most typical presentation is of weakness due to scapular-humeral-pelvic weakness that may be similar to the presentation of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. [checkorphan.org]

Only the first and second heart sounds were present. The lung fields were clear and the liver was not palpable. [chs-journal.com]

It usually presents within the first decade of life. The most common presenting complaint is primarily myalgia, followed by ‘rippling muscles’ and proximal muscle weakness [ 68 ]. [content.iospress.com]

• Proximal Muscle Weakness

  Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-17 is characterized by early childhood onset of proximal muscle weakness and atrophy without skin involvement. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Proximal muscles are the muscles that are closest to the center of the body such as the muscles of the shoulder, pelvis, and upper arms and legs. Muscle weakness may spread from the proximal muscles to affect distal muscles. [rarediseases.org]

  In addition to proximal muscle weakness, there may or may not be: Distal muscle weakness. Muscle hypertrophy. Contractures. Involvement of the heart, respiratory muscles or tongue. (Facial weakness is not usual.) [patient.info]

  Hypothyroid myopathy Patients can present with a proximal weakness. They may complain of fatigue or muscle pain and cramping. They have relaxation of the reflexes at an advanced stage of the disease. [lecturio.com]

  In this study, we applied the IDP on a PGM to diagnose a Vietnamese female who presented with proximal muscle weakness. Using this strategy, we identified a nonsense mutation in CAPN3 responsible for LGDM2A. [omicsonline.org]

• Gowers Sign

  Image : “Gower’s sign.” by William Richard Gowers (1845–1915) – Gowers WR. Clinical lecture on pseudohypertrophic muscular paralysis. Lancet 1879;ii,73-5. [lecturio.com]

  Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

  Is there a finding (or history) of Gower's sign? This is seen in patients with proximal muscle weakness of the lower limb: when rising to stand, they use the hands as support, such that the hands 'climb up the legs'. [patient.info]

There is no specific treatment for LGMD2C. [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]

Early and prompt treatment and early surveillance is much better than waiting for problems to occur and then trying to deal with them. [treat-nmd.eu]

"Evidence-based guideline summary: Diagnosis and treatment of limb-girdle and distal dystrophies". Neurology. 83 (16): 1453–1463. doi : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000892. ISSN 0028-3878. PMC 4206155. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] after treatment with rituximab. [ 17 ] Complications and their management [ 2, 8 ] Complications vary, depending on the specific LGMD and on individual variations in the clinical picture. [patient.info]

The symptoms are similar to DMD but often milder, and patients are less likely to have mental retardation and have a better prognosis (30-40 years instead of teens). [lecturio.com]

Prognosis and management, therefore, are not uniform across the subtypes of LGMD2. Nonetheless, early identification of complications and risk factors is crucial. [mdfgauteng.org]

Contractures are common, in which case the disease needs to be differentiated from Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and laminin-alpha2 deficiency Prognosis - Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A This depends upon the type. [checkorphan.org]

Prognosis The prognosis of LGMD varies tremendously. Most people with LGMD, however do not have severe symptoms and most experience a normal lifespan. Cardiac and respiratory difficulties can, however, decrease the lifespan. [encyclopedia.com]

Chronic pain can occur, and pain management should be part of care. [ 19 ] Prognosis This depends on the type of LGMD and whether there is cardiac or respiratory involvement. In general, all types of LGMD progress with time. [patient.info]

During the visit, the participant will be asked to fill out a couple of questionnaires asking questions about quality of life and activity limitations, as well as his/her understanding of their diagnosis with regards to etiology (or cause of their muscle [clinicaltrials.gov]

Etiology of limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1D/1E determined by laser capture microdissection proteomics. Ann Neurol. 2012; 71 :141–5. [ PubMed : 22275259 ] Gundesli H, Talim B, Korkusuz P, Balci-Hayta B, Cirak S, Akarsu NA, Topaloglu H, Dinçer P. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Currently, there are more than 30 different known LGMDs including the eight dominant (LGMD1A-H) and 23 recessive (LGMD2A-Y) types. [now.aapmr.org]

licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 Received: 12 May 2014 Accepted: 21 July 2014 Published: 19 August 2014 Abstract Background Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD2) include a number of disorders with heterogeneous etiology that [bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com]

Etiology of limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1D/1E determined by laser capture microdissection proteomics. Ann Neurol. 2012 Jan. 71(1):141-5. [Medline]. Sarparanta J, Jonson PH, Golzio C, Sandell S, Luque H, Screen M. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Genetic epidemiology of muscular dystrophies resulting from sarcoglycan gene mutations. J Med Genet. 1997, 34:973-977 Olivé M, Shatunov A, Gonzalez L, Carmona O, Moreno D, Quereda LG, et al. [ivyunion.org]

Relevant External Links for DYSF Genetic Association Database (GAD) DYSF Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator DYSF Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology: DYSF No data available for Genatlas for DYSF Gene Analysis of the [genecards.org]

Other proteins involved include dystroglycan, fukutin-related protein, calpain, dysferlin and telethonin. [ 5 ] Epidemiology [ 2 ] The LGMDs individually are rare, with some forms reported in only a few families. [patient.info]

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Epidemiology of the Muscular Dystrophies. Can J Neurol Sci. 2016 Jan;43(1):163-77. doi: 10.1017/cjn.2015.311. Thompson R, Straub V. [now.aapmr.org]

Classification and epidemiology All form of LGMD are inherited autosomally and the classification is alphanumeric with assignation of number ‘1’ or ‘2’ depending on whether they are inherited dominantly or recessively. [content.iospress.com]

^ a b c d "Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology". [en.wikipedia.org]

The pathophysiological role of calpain-3 is not exactly known. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of calpainopathy is still not possible as there is no anti-calpain-3 antibody available that is compatible for IHC on muscle biopsy cryosections. [neurologyindia.com]

Multiple functions are described, but the pathophysiologic basis for LGMD1B is unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

This would entail close surveillance to recognize symptoms and to prevent detrimental sequelae. 2. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Prevention - Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A Not supplied. [checkorphan.org]

A physiotherapist can recommend stretches to keep joints supple and if necessary special splints (orthoses) to prevent muscle shortening (contractures) which are common in some types of LGMD. [mda.org.au]

Carriers do not have any symptoms since they have one unchanged gene, which produces enough normal protein to prevent the symptoms of LGMD. [encyclopedia.com]

Type 2A is the most common form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, accounting for about 30 percent of cases. [3] Treatment is aimed at maintaining mobility and preventing complications. [2] LGMD2A is also known as primary calpainopathy. [1] Calpainopathies [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]