The following are the signs and symptoms of liposarcoma:

• A slow growing lump beneath the skin that grows slowly and is firm to touch and painless [5]
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Abdominal pain and cramps
• Nausea and vomiting
• Numbness
• Enlargement of the varicose veins
• Blood in stool and vomit

• Pain

  After these therapies, bone pain persisted and bone scintigraphy showed increased activity in L4, T11, and T12 vertebrae. Zoledronic acid was added to trabectedin treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Pain is often the first symptom the tumour has spread to the bone or other places. “Patients succumb from complications from trying to suppress or manage the pain,” Schuetze said. The only known cure is to completely remove it, surgically. [nationalpost.com]

  Many people do not feel sick or have pain. [medicinenet.com]

• Swelling

  Initially the swellings were smaller in size, but gradually increased in size over a period of one year and thereafter the size of the swellings remained constant. On local examination, four swellings were seen in the groin area ( fig. 1). [edoj.org.eg]

  Local examination revealed a single, diffuse, huge, and ill-defined swelling measuring around 15 cm × 13 cm. The swelling was extending from subcutaneous plane deep into the muscular planes. [ccij-online.org]

  A man with left scrotal swelling felt to represent inguinal hernia underwent computed tomography scan for reported bleeding after prostate biopsy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  This pressure may cause pain, swelling, or disrupt the function of nearby organs, such as the lungs, liver, or other abdominal organs. Causes A liposarcoma in the legs may cause swelling. [medicalnewstoday.com]

• Weight Loss

  Abstract We present a rare case of a big oesophageal liposarcoma causing dysphagia and weight loss in a 75-year-old patient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  A loss of appetite with weight loss was noted too. On physical assessment, a large tumor deforming the right buttock was found. It was measuring 20 cm long axis. [acanceresearch.com]

  Retroperitoneal tumors may present themselves with signs of weight loss and emaciation and abdominal pain. These tumors may also compress the kidney or ureter leading to kidney failure. [oncologica.com]

• Fatigue

  Liposarcoma Symptom Fatigue Fatigue can be described as the lack of energy and motivation (both physical and mental). This is different than drowsiness, a term that describes the need to sleep. [medicinenet.com]

• Leg Swelling

  Liposarcomas, like all sarcomas, are rare.[3] Signs and symptoms[edit] Left leg swelling caused by underlying liposarcoma Patients usually note a deep-seated mass in their soft tissue. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Cough

  The possible symptoms of mediastinal liposarcoma are dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain, cough, SVC (superior vena cava) compression and voice hoarseness. [11] Typically, our case presented to our clinic with the complaint of chronic cough and dyspnea. [journals.lww.com]

  A 63-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a 6-month history of chronic cough and dyspnea. Chest x-rays demonstrated a large mass occupying the left hemithorax. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The patient denied dysphagia or bucking (choking cough). The other physical examination findings were fairly unremarkable. [ajnr.org]

  Depending on where the tumor is, you may have any of the following: Chest pain Trouble swallowing or weight loss Trouble urinating or pain while urinating Pain and swelling in the area of your tumor Coughing or trouble speaking and breathing Decreased [disabled-world.com]

  Shortness of breath and cough are less common symptoms due to the compression of the trachea [ [6]. [statpearls.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  A-84-year-old male was a consult to our Emergency Department with symptoms of a terrible general fatigue, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) revealed probable intussusception. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Only when the tumor is very large do symptoms of pain or functional disturbances occur. Retroperitoneal tumors may present themselves with signs of weight loss and emaciation and abdominal pain. [oncologica.com]

  You may have pain if your tumor grows and presses on your nerves and blood vessels. Retroperitoneal tumors may present themselves with signs of weight loss and emaciation and abdominal pain. [disabled-world.com]

  Twenty-four hours later, the patient developed severe abdominal pain and distention. Emergency abdominal CT (Fig. 2) revealed findings suggesting intussusception of the sigmoid colon due to an intraluminal mass consisting predominantly of fat. [scielo.isciii.es]

• Vomiting

  A 73-year-old male patient was seen in May 1995 in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department, Clinica Modelo de Morón, with intermittent dysphagia and dyspnoea due to recurrent vomiting. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  In addition, individuals with liposarcoma may experience abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, vomiting blood and appearance of blood in stools. [symptoma.com]

• Nausea

  The second patient had symptoms of upper abdominal discomfort combined with nausea and anorexia. Several palpable masses were found with endoscopy. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was the treatment used, and the postoperative course was uneventful. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  In addition, individuals with liposarcoma may experience abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, vomiting blood and appearance of blood in stools. [symptoma.com]

  World J Surg Oncol 2017 ; 15 : 123. 2 Just scratching the surface: intractable nausea and vomiting. Am J Med 2015 ; 128 : e3 – 5. 3, et al. Scirrhous gastric carcinoma: endoscopy versus upper gastrointestinal radiography. [academic.oup.com]

• Constipation

  The patient presented also chronic constipation, dysuria and pelvic pain. A loss of appetite with weight loss was noted too. On physical assessment, a large tumor deforming the right buttock was found. It was measuring 20 cm long axis. [acanceresearch.com]

  The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were nausea, fatigue, vomiting, constipation, decreased appetite, diarrhea, peripheral edema, dyspnea, and headache. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  They can include: Constipation Fatigue (extreme tiredness) Pain Trouble breathing Unexplained swelling Weakness Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information enews More health news + info [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Liposarcoma that forms in the arms and legs can cause: A growing lump of tissue under your skin Pain Swelling Weakness of the affected limb Liposarcoma that forms in the abdomen can cause: Abdominal pain Abdominal swelling Feeling full sooner when eating Constipation [mayoclinic.org]

  The most common side effects among participants treated with Halaven were fatigue, nausea, hair loss (alopecia), constipation, certain nerve damage causing weakness or numbness in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), abdominal pain and fever (pyrexia [fda.gov]

• Abdominal Mass

  Overall, the most important clinical finding is palpable abdominal mass and abdominal pain. [wjso.biomedcentral.com]

  Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum in a 67-year-old man who presented with an enlarging abdominal mass. (a) Abdominal radiograph from a barium enema study shows a large abdominal mass that displaces opacified bowel to the left. [pubs.rsna.org]

• Arm Swelling

  Histology was compatible with an atypical lipoma. 11 Figure 11: A T1-weighted axial image in a 47 year-old male with an expanding arm mass reveals a large predominantly fat signal intensity lesion that infiltrates and surrounds the biceps musculature. [radsource.us]

• Subcutaneous Mass

  The patient was hospitalized in our department for tumour recurrence in June 2012, and a subcutaneous mass around 2 × 3 cm with medium hardness and poor mobility in the inner side of the right thigh near groin could be palpated. [orthopedics.imedpub.com]

  […] reveals a subcutaneous lesion (arrows) which extends from subcutaneous fat into foot musculature. [radsource.us]

  The single benign lesion that could be mistaken for PLS is pleomorphic lipoma, but the latter typically arises as a well-circumscribed subcutaneous mass in the posterior neck, upper shoulders or back of middle-aged males ( 20 ). [nature.com]

  Subcutaneous atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma in a 55-year-old man who presented with an enlarging, mildly painful mass. [pubs.rsna.org]

• Aggressive Behavior

  They have a broad behavioral spectrum, from small masses of tissue to highly aggressive tumors. [academic.oup.com]

  behavior of liposarcomas when found in the superficial extremity regions. [radsource.us]

  Low-grade histology depicts a low frequency of metastasis and high-grade tumors often manifest with clinically aggressive behavior resulting in distant metastasis [ 9 - 11 ]. [jcancer.org]

  However, well-differentiated liposarcoma can undifferentiate into the dedifferentiated form, which exhibits an aggressive behavior. 10 Gene expression profiling, when compared with normal adipocyte tissue, revealed overexpression of genes in the 12q12 [ascopubs.org]

• Neck Swelling

  The patient presented with a right sided neck swelling associated with pain and shortness of breath upon lying down. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Confusion

  Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances This test is not approved by the U.S. [mayomedicallaboratories.com]

  A liposarcoma should not be confused with a lipoma, which is a non-cancerous growth of fat cells. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  Dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcoma are usually confused with sarcomatoid carcinoma. For differential diagnosis, it is necessary to investigate the presence of carcinomatous component by taking a large number example from the tumor. [tip.fusabil.org]

  Most liposarcomas develop in the deep layers of soft tissue and are often mistakenly confused with lipomas, which appear in more superficial soft tissue layers. [cancercenter.com]

• Irritability

  […] liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma. [7–9] These tumors are characterized by amplification of MDM2 and CDK4 genes on chromosome 12. [10] Most of these mass are identified incidentally or worked up secondary to complications by compression or irritation [journals.lww.com]

• Kidney Failure

  These tumors may also compress the kidney or ureter leading to kidney failure. Diagnosis The diagnosis is established by histologic examination of the tissue, i.e., biopsy or excision. [oncologica.com]

  They can also cause kidney failure due to the tumor putting pressure on the kidneys or ureter. Diagnosis & Treatment The first step to diagnosing liposarcoma is to have a physical exam done by a physician. [knowcancer.com]

  These tumors may also compress the kidney or ureter leading to kidney failure. Histological patterns vary from round cell, myxoid, well differentiated, and pleomorphic type. [curesarcoma.org]

  These tumor may also compress the kidney or ureter, leading to kidney failure. Diagnosis[edit] CT image showing a lesion that proved to be a liposarcoma The diagnosis is established by histologic examination of the tissue, i.e., biopsy or excision. [en.wikipedia.org]

A physical exam of the lump forms the primary basis of diagnosis of liposarcoma. Lumps that are 5cm or larger, are deep seated, and fixed to the structures are candidates for further examination. Following physical examination of the lump, imaging studies such as MRI, CT scan and X-ray are done. MRI being the most reliable in differentiating normal fat from lipomatous tumors in liposarcoma [6]. Positron emission tomography (PET) with FDG uptake imaging may improve risk assessment compared to traditional staging methods [7].

In addition, biopsy of the mass is suggested which is done either through needle biopsy or surgical biopsy. Based on the test results and location of the tumor, the treatment plan is chalked out. The use of cytogenetics in the diagnosis of cutaneous lipomatous tumors may be helpful especially in the identification of chromosomal abnormalities [8].

Surgery usually forms the first line of treatment for individuals with liposarcoma. This is however, the method of choice only when the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body. In this procedure, the tumor along with a part of the healthy tissue is surgically removed to avoid the spread of the cancer. In majority of the cases, the affected limb can be spared by only removing the tumor. However, 5% of the cases may require limb amputation to completely eradicate the cancer from the body. In atypical cutaneous liposarcoma, removal by liposuction has been ardently described [9].

Tumors that develop in the abdomen cannot be completely removed and therefore in such situations a combination of methods has to be employed. Surgery along with radiation therapy is used in such cases. Radiation therapy at the site of surgery reduces the rate of recurrence of the tumor in about 80 – 90% cases.

Radiation therapy can also be administered prior to the surgical procedures to shrink the size of the tumor. However, this causes a delay in healing of the surgical wounds. Depending on the site and nature of the tumor various treatment methods are employed.

The role of chemotherapy in treatment of liposarcoma is still not well understood. But it is still recommended in conditions when the disease has spread to other parts of the body. How far the method would help in arresting the growth is yet to be analyzed and confirmed. Combination therapy with radiotherapy and chemotherapy has been found to be effective in treating high grade liposarcoma [10].

Prognosis of the disease condition greatly depends on location of the tumor and its extent of spread to other areas of the body [2]. With surgical removal of the tumor, chances of recurrence exist and are higher for those tumors that are deep seated compared to the superficial ones. Liposarcoma located in the extremities heralds a good prognosis [3]. The well differentiated type and the myxoid type of liposarcoma have 5 year survival rate of 100% and 88% respectively [4]. However, high grade lesions have a poor prognosis with high rates of recurrence. The rate of 5 year survival period varies based on the type of liposarcoma.

Complications

The most common and obvious complication of liposarcoma is the spread of the malignant tumor to other parts of the body. Therefore, early diagnosis of the disease followed by prompt treatment is utmost necessary to arrest the spread of the tumor to other vital organs. If such a condition is not prevented then it can cause life threatening complications.

The exact factor that is causing liposarcoma is not known. There have been instances where patients have reported to develop a tumor after an accident or injury. However, there are no evidences that suggest development of liposarcoma from trauma. Also, such type of cancers is not known to stem from benign lipomas.

Liposarcoma is amongst the 50 types of sarcoma known to affect thousands of individuals across the globe. Such a type of sarcoma was first described in the year 1980 by Virchow. Liposarcoma affects about 2.5 million individuals across the globe. It is the most common form of soft tissue sarcoma accounting for about 17% of all soft tissues sarcomas.

It has also been estimated that liposarcoma strikes more commonly the male population. Incidence of mortality for individuals with high grade liposarcoma is very high. Liposarcoma have been recorded to occur in young adults and teenagers, while those occurring in children are relatively rare [1].

Liposarcoma is a form of lipogenic tumor that affects the deep layer of connective tissues. It occurs due to chromosomal abnormalities that create fusion proteins leading to development of cancer cells. Chromosomal abnormality of band 12q13 is known to play foul in the causation of liposarcomas.

Cancer cannot be prevented; however the spread of the disease can be arrested with prompt diagnosis and initiation of the treatment. The recurrence of liposarcoma post treatment can be prevented by regular follow up with the doctors and checkups. Routine checkup becomes a part of life for patients surviving liposarcoma. MRI and CT scan of the original location is done in addition to X-rays of other areas to study metastasis.

Liposarcoma is a type of cancer of fat cells that occurs in the deep layers of the connective tissues. It can occur in any part of the body, but the most common areas are the abdomen and thigh regions. It mostly affects the adults in the age group of 40 to 60 years. In children usually teenagers fall prey to such a disease condition.

Liposarcoma is of four types differentiated on the nature of the malignant tumor cells. Treatment involves surgical procedures to remove the tumor cells. In addition, radiation and chemotherapy may also be required to arrest the growth of the tumor cells.

Definition

Liposarcoma is cancer of the fatty tissues and it majorly strikes areas of the lower extremities. It is a type of soft tissue sarcoma that primarily affects the adults and in rare cases children. Liposarcoma is divided into 4 different categories based on the nature and grade of the tumor cells.

Cause

The exact cause behind the abnormal development of cells in the fatty tissues is yet to be figured out. However, chromosomal defect is the one which is known to play foul in the causation of liposarcoma.

Symptoms

The lump forms beneath the skin and is firm to touch and is attached to the structures. In addition, individuals with liposarcoma may experience abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, vomiting blood and appearance of blood in stools.

Diagnosis

Careful examination of the lump is the primary diagnosis of liposarcoma. In addition, CT scan and MRI of the lump are done to further analyze the nature of the tumor. Biopsy is required to understand the nature of the tumor.

Treatment

The treatment for liposarcoma depends on the extent of spread of the tumor and its original location. Surgery is employed when the tumor has not spread to other parts. A combination of radiation therapy and surgery may be done in certain cases.

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