A 37-year-old woman with LDS presented with numerous facial milia. She reported that the milia had been present since early childhood. Inspection of her skin revealed numerous striae. [jamanetwork.com]

We have given presentations at Grand Rounds in various hospitals. We have created a medical presentation and the “Head-to-Toe” checklist that we have presented to over 1300 medical professionals from around the world. [loeysdietzcanada.org]

TAAs were present in 67% of the cases (4/6), and in Leutermann et al. aneurysms were present in two of the family members [ 18 ],[ 19 ]. [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

L, Bjeda D, Oswald G, Elias AF, Levy HP, Anderlid BM, Yang MH, Bongers EM, Timmermans J, Braverman AC, Canham N, Mortier GR, Brunner HG, Byers PH, Van Eyk J, Van Laer L, Dietz HC, Loeys BL Title Loss-of-function mutations in TGFB2 cause a syndromic presentation [genome.jp]

Although there is at present no standardized diagnostic method for DE in LDS, some qualitative [6], [8] and quantitative methods [9], [12], [13] have been used. [journals.plos.org]

• Abdominal Pain

  pain, and/or gastrointestinal bleeding and inflammation Rupture of the spleen or bowel Rupture of the uterus during pregnancy When a person has these particular features, it is important to be evaluated for Loeys-Dietz syndrome. [marfan.org]

• Cyanosis

  Michaëlsson GOlsson EWestermark P The Rombo syndrome: a familial disorder with vermiculate atrophoderma, milia, hypotrichosis, trichoepitheliomas, basal cell carcinomas and peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis. [jamanetwork.com]

• Osteoporosis

  […] or malformation of the spine in the neck Skin Easy bruising, wide scars, soft skin texture, and translucent skin (when it looks almost see-through) Bones Club foot (when the foot is turned inward and upward at birth) Poor mineralization of the bones (osteoporosis [marfan.org]

  In some individuals with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, other physical abnormalities have been noted, including defects at birth in the heart and brain, osteoporosis (weak bones), skin changes (such as translucent skin and/or easy bruising), and defects of the [medicinenet.com]

• Foot Deformity

  deformities, or contractures allergy medications and consulting with an allergist physical therapy to treat cervical spine instability consulting with a nutritionist for gastrointestinal issues No two people with Loeys-Dietz syndrome will have the same [healthline.com]

• Translucent Skin

  skin (when it looks almost see-through) Bones Club foot (when the foot is turned inward and upward at birth) Poor mineralization of the bones (osteoporosis) that can make the bones more likely to break) Other Allergies to food and elements in the environment [marfan.org]

  Almost 100% of patients show some type of abnormal skin findings including translucent skin, soft or velvety skin, easy bleeding, easy bruising, recurrent hernias, and scarring problems. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

  skin soft or velvety skin easy bruising easy bleeding eczema abnormal scarring Eye problems myopia, nearsightedness eye muscle disorders strabismus, eyes that don’t point in the same direction retinal detachment Other symptoms food or environmental allergies [healthline.com]

• Cutaneous Manifestation

  We present these findings to further characterize the cutaneous manifestations of LDS, to expand the differential for facial milia, and, most importantly, to increase awareness of possible presenting features of LDS, a recently described and potentially [jamanetwork.com]

  Craniofacial signs as ocular hypertelorism, bifid uvula/cleft palate or craniosynostosis and cutaneous manifestations, as velvety and translucent skin, easy bruising, atrophic scars, are also present at variable degree [ 2 ],[ 3 ],[ 9 ],[ 11 ]. [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

• Thin Skin

  Features shared with LDS, but not MFS, include hypertelorism, bifid uvula, bicuspid aortic valve, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), arterial tortuosity, club feet, and thin skin with easy bruising [ 16 ]. [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

• Striae Distensae

  Features shared with MFS and LDS include aortic aneurysm, mainly in thoracic tract, pectus deformity, arachnodactyly, scoliosis, joint hypermobility, and striae distensae in young age. [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

• Strabismus

  People with Loeys-Dietz syndrome have unique facial features, like widely spaced eyes, an opening in the roof in the mouth ( cleft palate ), and eyes that don’t point in the same direction ( strabismus ) — but no two people with the disorder are alike [healthline.com]

• Hypertelorism

  The classical triad of Loeys-Dietz syndrome is described as 1 : arterial tortuosity and aneurysms hypertelorism bifid uvula or cleft palate Loeys-Dietz syndrome is rare, with prevalence estimated at less than one per 100,000. [radiopaedia.org]

  Other facial features included hypertelorism and retrognathia. The oral cavity was notable for a high-arched palate and a broad uvula. [jamanetwork.com]

  It is characterised by aortic and peripheral aneurysms and arterial tortuosity, bifid uvula and/or cleft palate, and hypertelorism, and is caused by mutations in the genes for the transforming growth factor β receptors 1 or 2 ( TGFBR1 at chromosome 9q33 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Other features of Loeys-Dietz syndrome include: Cardiovascular Arteries that twist and wind (arterial tortuosity) Heart defects at birth (atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosis, bicuspid aortic valve) Eyes, Head and Neck Widely-spaced eyes (hypertelorism [marfan.org]

  Most individuals with this disorder have craniofacial features that include hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes) and a bifid or broad uvula. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

Thus, it will be some time before they are used for routine clinical assessment of the vascular system in general and the workup of patients with LDS. Conclusion LDS is a recently described inherited vasculopathic syndrome. [pubs.rsna.org]

Studies are ongoing to determine whether drug treatment of the Loeys-Dietz syndrome also may be of value. [medicinenet.com]

It’s important to meet with a doctor who is familiar with the disorder in order to determine a treatment plan. There’s no cure for the disorder, so treatment is aimed at preventing and treating symptoms. [healthline.com]

Is aortic root replacement surgery a necessary treatment? The goal of aortic root replacement surgery is to replace weak tissue before a tear occurs. [hopkinsmedicine.org]

We present our experience with the treatment and follow-up of pediatric patients with a diagnosis of MS or LDS. [revespcardiol.org]

To learn more about Loeys-Dietz syndrome and its diagnosis and treatment, download: Loeys-Dietz syndrome [marfan.org]

Current surgical experience with LDS is excellent, offering a good long-term prognosis with timely identification of the disease. [insights.ovid.com]

In contrast to Loeys-Dietz syndrome, in other inherited syndromes associated with aortic aneurysms, surgery carries a poorer prognosis, and the aneurysms can be managed with medications for a longer period of time before surgery becomes necessary. [medicinenet.com]

Stroke epidemiology: a review of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in the late 20th century. Lancet Neurol. 2003 Jan. 2(1):43-53. [Medline]. [medscape.com]

The clinical characteristics, molecular findings and pathophysiological mechanisms are summarized. The discovery of this entity has confirmed a key role for transforming growth factor beta signaling in aortic aneurysmal disease. [insights.ovid.com]

Primary intracerebral hemorrhage: pathophysiology. Can J Neurol Sci. 2005 Dec. 32 Suppl 2:S3-12. [Medline]. Thrift AG, Donnan GA, McNeil JJ. Epidemiology of intracerebral hemorrhage. Epidemiol Rev. 1995. 17(2):361-81. [Medline]. [medscape.com]

The pathophysiology of TAAD is complex and multi-factorial. [bmcmedgenet.biomedcentral.com]

At 12.5 years, the younger sister died due to aortic dissection (SV, 49 mm; z-score, 7.3); she had previously declined a preventative intervention. [revespcardiol.org]

There’s no cure for the disorder, so treatment is aimed at preventing and treating symptoms. Due to the high risk of rupture, someone with this condition should be followed closely to monitor the formation of aneurysms and other complications. [healthline.com]

The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jan 20. 342(3):145-53. [Medline]. PROGRESS Collaborative Group. [medscape.com]

The genetic mutations in Loeys-Dietz causes a change in the receptor that prevents TGF-beta from working on the cells. [medicinenet.com]

Aortic tortuosity is an important radiologic finding, as it has been shown to be an independent predictor of preventative surgery being required and/or dissection developing ( 16 ). [pubs.rsna.org]