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Low Molecular Weight Heparin
Heparin Low Molecular Weight

Presentation

In our 3 presented episodes of LMWH overdose, no therapeutic interventions were performed and there were no bleeding complications. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immune System

  • Splenomegaly

    A 69-year-old woman with splenic marginal-zone lymphoma was admitted with progressive abdominal pain and splenomegaly as the suspected cause of pain. Rituximab treatment (375 mg/m) had been initiated on the day of admission. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Respiratoric

  • Exertional Dyspnea

    She presented at 36 weeks' gestation with 24 h of exertional dyspnea, and was in pulmonary edema. Transthoracic echocardiography suggested valve thrombosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gastrointestinal

  • Regurgitation

    A 31-year-old primigravida had a 27-mm CarboMedics mitral valve implanted previously for mitral regurgitation. The patient had decided to take low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and aspirin throughout her pregnancy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Urogenital

  • Vaginal Bleeding

    We report intrauterine subdural hemorrhage in a preterm infant delivered by cesarean section at 32 weeks following vaginal bleeding of a mother treated with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for deep vein thrombosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurologic

  • Altered Mental Status

    Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) constitutes a well-described clinical entity, classically entailing characteristic edematous lesions on imaging studies in a patient with altered mental status, visual disturbances, headache, and seizures [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  • Excitement

    These early studies raised the exciting possibility of separating the antithrombotic from the bleeding effects of heparin. [journals.lww.com]

Workup

Other Pathologies

  • Trophoblastic Cells

    There is evidence that LMWH alters the expression of human HBEGF in trophoblast cells, which regulates human trophoblast pathophysiology. HBEGF, itself, is capable of increasing trophoblast survival and invasiveness. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Biopsy

  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    The median age was 62.9 years, and 59 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall recanalization rate was 61.5%. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment

The objective of this study is to assess the cost-effectiveness of initial plus extended treatment with apixaban versus LMWH/VKA for either initial treatment only or initial plus extended treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis

The prognosis is guided by pancytopenia, leukemic transformation and thrombosis which are the dominant complications. Data regarding protocol management during pregnancy in the context of myelofibrosis are insufficient. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Even though worsening symptoms may suggest a change in prognosis to doctors, this was not the case for patients. Most patients admitted with spinal cord compression had a good performance status (median score of 1) before admission. [bmj.com]

Factors altering angiogenesis may, therefore, influence these processes and thereby the prognosis of cancer patients. [cancerres.aacrjournals.org]

Thus, the clinical significance of these periprocedural enzyme elevations “remains somewhat controversial,” and their effect on prognosis is unclear. [onlinejacc.org]

Etiology

Maternal trauma during pregnancy, intrauterine infection, cerebral vascular malformation and congenital coagulopathy as known etiologies of subdural hemorrhage could be ruled out. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Many etiological factors have been proposed but none of them has been fully substantiated. [clinicaltrials.gov]

SGLT2 inhibitors prevent HF hospitalization regardless of baseline LVEF May 9, 2019 Bruce Jancin Bruce Jancin May 9, 2019 Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management More Quizzes MDIQ Smoking, cardiovascular risk, and diabetes Obesity and cancer incidence Etiologies [jcomjournal.com]

Epidemiology

University Hospital Leuven, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Leuven, Belgium. 6 Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 7 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 8 Department of Clinical Epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in Asian patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery without thromboprophylaxis. J Thromb Haemost 2005 ;3: 28 - 34 31. Leizorovicz A. [nejm.org]

The VTE impact assessment group in Europe (VITAE) performed epidemiological modelling of VTE in six European countries (including the UK), and estimated there were 465,715 cases of DVT, 295,982 cases of PE and 370,012 VTE-related deaths over the six countries [pharmaceutical-journal.com]

The natural history and epidemiology of venous thrombosis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1994;36:423–38. ... 2. Hirsh J. Heparin. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:1565–74. 3. Warkentin TE, Levine MN, Hirsch J, Horsewood P, Roberts RS, Gent M, et al. [aafp.org]

Pathophysiology

In conclusion, these findings are novel and compel us to re-evaluate our pathophysiologic understanding of this difficult condition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Physiological variations in thyroid hormones: physiological and pathophysiological considerations. Clin Chem 1996 ; 42 : 135 -139. ↵ Keffer JH. Preanalytical considerations in testing thyroid function. [clinchem.aaccjnls.org]

Prevention

This study demonstrated that subcutaneous injection of LMWH can prevent VTE after gastrointestinal tumor surgery and provide a new alternative for VTE prevention. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Low molecular weight heparin for VTE prevention Low molecular weight heparin may be used for the prevention of venous thromboembolism. For this indication, low molecular weight heparin is given once daily. [angiologist.com]

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