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2.1
Lower Gingival Carcinoma
Carcinoma of the Lower Gum

Presentation

Presented with midline ulcerated mass. Diagnosis: Squamous cell carcinoma, arising actinic cheilitis 64 year old male with a long history of cigarette smoking presents with an a symetrical nodular mass in the retromolar region. [oralcancerfoundation.org]

Updated, reorganized, and revised throughout, this highly lauded three-volume reference provides an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of head and neck diseases, including the incidence, etiology, clinical presentation [books.google.com]

Potentially malignant disorders of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa; terminology, classification and present concepts of management. Oral Oncology 45 (2009) 317–323. Medline. [dermnetnz.org]

Numbers show each treatment plan (i.e. ‘1’ for a conventional parallel-opposed plan and ‘2’ for the present RTRT 4-beam plan). Figure 3. Dose–volume histogram (DVH). [academic.oup.com]

Jaw & Teeth

  • Poor Oral Hygiene

    All of these symptoms are from poor oral hygiene, as well as types can not get brush properly when Torus is on the way. Mandibular torus Symptoms Vs. [mandibulartori.com]

    Others include poor oral hygiene, irritation caused by ill-fitting dentures, rough surfaces on teeth and poor nutrition. [ucsfhealth.org]

    Lydiatt, MD, director of head and neck cancer surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, "Poor oral hygiene over a long period of time, 30 or 40 years, can be a cause oral cancer. This is because of chronic inflammation. [everydayhealth.com]

    Risk factors may include: Tobacco use Regular and heavy alcohol consumption Advancing age Sun exposure Poor diet Poor oral hygiene Gum disease Habitual chewing of the lips or cheeks Irritants, such as breathing in smoky, or constantly polluted, atmospheres [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]

  • Gingival Ulceration

    Biopsy Physicians usually collect tissue samples from gingival ulcers and tumors and subject it to histologic examinations. Biopsy is the only test that determines malignancy in the gums. [cancerwall.com]

Workup

Features an emphasis on providing workup and treatment algorithms for each major disease process, as well as the coverage of molecular biology and its relevance to individual diseases. [books.google.com]

Treatment

[…] the treatment approach of the authors. [books.google.com]

What are the treatment options for mouth cancer? Mouth cancer treatments which may be considered include radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy. [patient.info]

Treatment often involves surgery performed by a head and neck cancer surgeon. [mskcc.org]

Treatment of mouth cancer What treatment you’re offered will depend on what type of mouth cancer you have, where it is and how far it’s spread. Your doctor will discuss your treatment options with you. [bupa.co.uk]

Prognosis

[…] of origin, the prognosis is usually excellent with appropriate therapy. [dovemed.com]

Although a few cases have been reported in the literature, BSCC appears to be biologically virulent, with a propensity to aggressive local behavior, early regional and distant metastasis, and subsequent poor prognosis. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

[…] this highly lauded three-volume reference provides an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of head and neck diseases, including the incidence, etiology, clinical presentation, pathology, differential diagnosis, and prognosis [books.google.com]

Survival Rate Jaw Cancer Tonsil Cancer – Pictures, Symptoms, Survival Rate, Staging, Prognosis Duodenal Cancer – Symptoms, Prognosis, Survival Rate and Treatment Medullary Thyroid Cancer – Symptoms, Treatment, Prognosis [cancerwall.com]

In relation to prognosis, it has been widely accepted that CLNM dramatically reduce the long-term survival and prognosis in these patients is described as extremely poor. [ 6, 8, 15, 16 ] Capote-Moreno et al. [ 7 ] reported a decrease in the 5-year survival [parjournal.net]

Etiology

Updated, reorganized, and revised throughout, this highly lauded three-volume reference provides an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of head and neck diseases, including the incidence, etiology, clinical presentation [books.google.com]

Certain HPV strains are etiologic risk factors for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) It is important to note that over 25% of all oral cancers occur in people who do not smoke and who only drink alcohol occasionally. [webmd.com]

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV), typically acquired via oral-genital contact, may have a role in the etiology of some oral cancers; however, HPV is identified in oral cancer much less often than it is in oropharyngeal cancer. [msdmanuals.com]

It is a lesion of unknown etiology that actually moves around the mouth over time. [capedental.com]

(Etiology) The cause of development of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Gums is unknown. Some tumors have displayed a fused gene product of chromosome 6 and chromosome 9, called MYB-NFIB gene. [dovemed.com]

Epidemiology

"Epidemiology of oral cancer in Arab countries". Saudi Medical Journal. 37 (3): 249–55. doi : 10.15537/smj.2016.3.11388. PMC 4800887. [en.wikipedia.org]

National Cancer Institute, Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result Program. Available at https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/oralcav.html. Accessed: May 20, 2017. Nagler R, Dayan D. The dual role of saliva in oral carcinogenesis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Incidence, Epidemiology and Pathology Although cancers of the head and neck region only account for five percent of all cancers reported yearly in the human body, 30 percent of these cancers occur in the oral cavity. [ahns.info]

Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 5. Fogorv Sz. 2009 Jun;102(3):103-9. [The oral lichen planus: doubts and evidence]. [capedental.com]

Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), modern DNA technology, especially allelic imbalance (loss of heterozygosity) studies, have identified chromosomal changes suggestive of the involvement of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), particularly [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology [ edit ] Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the end product of an unregulated proliferation of mucous basal cells. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prevention

These startling statistics from the Centers from Disease Control and Prevention tell a warning tale, but there is some good news, too. If caught early, oral cancer is highly treatable. [consumer.healthday.com]

[…] say whether the HPV vaccine will prevent these cancers. [mouthhealthy.org]

Fluoride is used to help prevent the formation of cavities. [dana-farber.org]

Preventing mouth cancer The three most effective ways of preventing mouth cancer developing, or preventing it coming back after successful treatment, are: not smoking ensuring you don't drink more than the recommended weekly limits for alcohol eating [nhs.uk]

These cancers are very treatable if caught early, and are easily preventable. The most common causes of head and neck cancer are tobacco and alcohol use. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

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