A pneumoperitoneum was present in 10 procedures, but a Veress needle was placed in only 4 of these. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Subcutaneous Bleeding

  Subcutaneous bleeding, intra-abdominal haemorrhage and anaesthesia created no problems in bilateral procedures (respectively, 1.5; 1; 1.33/10). [termedia.pl]

• Gangrene of the Toe

  […] of the toes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Disorder of Digit

  The most frequently used indications for thoracic sympathectomy are medically refractory palmar-plantar hyperhidrosis and causalgia. 2, 3 Additional indications include distal digital occlusion, vasospastic disorders with digital ulcerations not responding [thoracickey.com]

• Anhidrosis

  The patient had anhidrosis of both feet after surgery with Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale score of 1 at the 1-month follow-up. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  All patients had improvement in foot sweating, with 96.6% achieving total anhidrosis. Five early cases had to be converted to an open surgical method. Complications were rare. No sexual problems were reported by the male patients. [journals.lww.com]

• Suggestibility

  This paper suggests four categories of patients, represented by five case reports, where lumbar sympathectomy may prove beneficial: 1) Hypertensive patients with painful leg ulcers; 2) Toe and foot amputations in which arterial reconstruction is not feasible [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pneumoperitoneum

  A pneumoperitoneum was present in 10 procedures, but a Veress needle was placed in only 4 of these. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This case study illustrates the role of the Podiatrist in the primary health care team and how a multidisciplinary approach to treatment promotes successful diagnosis and treatment regimes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis The disease is progressive in patients who do not stop smoking. The only way to prevent the progression of the disease is to abstain from all tobacco products. [patient.info]

J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 1950, 32, 325-333. [5] Newman PH, Stone KH : The etiology of spondylolisthesis. [em-consulte.com]

Epidemiology The prevalence of the disease is decreasing in developed countries. Interestingly, the rate of decrease is more closely linked with improvements in socio-economic factors than with smoking status [ 5 ]. [patient.info]

Peripheral artery disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Rev Esp Cardiol 2007; 60: 969-82. 7. Perez-Burkhardt JL, Gonzalez-Fajardo JA, Martin JF, et al. [termedia.pl]

The pathophysiology is thought to involve endothelial cells, platelets, leukocytes and sensory neurons. [patient.info]

"The pathophysiology of cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic surgery". Clinical Autonomic Research. 13 : I40–4. doi : 10.1007/s10286-003-1105-3. PMID 14673672. a b Kawamata YT, Homma E, Kawamata T, Omote K, Namiki A (2001). [en.wikipedia.org]

BACKGROUND: Lumbar sympathectomy (LS) is often the only alternative treatment that can be considered as a means of improving the distal circulation to such extent that major amputation is prevented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This disease should be diagnosed promptly to prevent unnecessary progression. [annals.org]

It can negatively affect marital or other intimate relationships, prevent participation in barefoot activities, ruin shoes, and cause skin infections as well as lesions. [laparoscopyhospital.com]