Presentation
Patients with precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas usually present with lymphadenopathy and mediastinal mass. Pleural effusion may be present. [cureus.com]
Keywords Lymphoblastic lymphoma, Precursor-B cell, Skeletal involvement at presentation Introduction Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) of the B cell type is uncommon, and extranodal presentation is even rarer. [amhsr.org]
Here we present a case of hypothalamic obesity syndrome as the primary presentation of a toddler found to have CNS+ B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Cytogenetic studies on diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid revealed MLL gene rearrangement (11q23). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Immune System
- Generalized Lymphadenopathy
Most patients presented with generalized lymphadenopathy in contrast to our T-LBL cohort, where most patients presented with mediastinal mass and mediastinal compression symptoms. [ccij-online.org]
Entire Body System
- Hodgkin Lymphoma
What is Lymphoblastic lymphoma (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) Statistics on Lymphoblastic lymphoma (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) Risk Factors for Lymphoblastic lymphoma (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) Progression of Lymphoblastic lymphoma (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) Symptoms [healthengine.com.au]
Lymphoblastic lymphoma primarily affects children and accounts for about 35% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas in children. [childrenshospital.org]
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is an uncommon neoplasm that accounts for about 5% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Approximately 90% of LBLs are of immature T-cell lineage, with B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LBL) accounting for only about 10%. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment–for health professionals (PDQ). Updated August 6, 2019. National Cancer Institute. Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment–for health professionals (PDQ). Updated September 18, 2019. [verywellhealth.com]
In children, 30% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas are lymphoblastic lymphomas, and among these approximately 15% are precursor B-cell lymphomas [1]. [cureus.com]
- Fever
At the time of presentation, the patient did not report any systemic symptoms and had no fever, weight loss, or dysuria. Computed tomography showed several enhancing, sessile polyps in the gall bladder (1.5 cm or smaller). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] platelets means a compromised ability to form clots, so patients may develop bruises or bloody noses; and (3) impaired production of certain white blood cells, especially neutrophils, can be associated with increased infections that manifest as high fevers [cumc.columbia.edu]
Patients with this subtype of PTCL will frequently have constitutional symptoms (i.e., fevers, serious night sweats, and unexplained weight loss). [lymphoma.org]
They include: Fatigue Fever Loss of appetite or weight loss Night sweats Tiny red spots just under your skin (petechiae) Stomach pain Many of the symptoms happen because your body is reacting to a lack of healthy blood cells. [webmd.com]
Complications Potential complications of lymphoblastic lymphoma include neutropenic fever (admit the patient), opportunistic infections, bleeding, and tumor lysis syndrome. [emedicine.medscape.com]
- Fatigue
After six years, he presented with malaise and fatigue with leukocytosis and eosinophlilia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
They include: Fatigue Fever Loss of appetite or weight loss Night sweats Tiny red spots just under your skin (petechiae) Stomach pain Many of the symptoms happen because your body is reacting to a lack of healthy blood cells. [webmd.com]
Metabolomic markers of fatigue: association between circulating metabolome and fatigue in women with chronic widespread pain. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2018;1864:601–6. [degruyter.com]
Gastrointestinal
- Nausea
CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy presented with worsening left-sided weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed right parietal gyral thickening with faint meningeal contrast enhancement. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
However, if the spleen is involved, then a splenectomy (removal of spleen) may be considered Intrathecal chemotherapy, if there is an involvement of the brain Supportive treatment: Steroids, blood transfusions, anti-nausea medications, and antibiotics [dovemed.com]
Symptoms can include severe abdominal (belly) pain, nausea, vomiting and bleeding from the intestine. This lymphoma occurs in some people with celiac disease (also called gluten-sensitive enteropathy). [cancer.org]
Supportive medications help control nausea, vomiting, tumor lysis syndrome, and infections. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Adverse reactions during apheresis were experienced in 20 percent of women and 8 percent of men, these adverse events primarily consisted of numbness/tingling, multiple line attempts, and nausea.[49] Clinical observations[edit] A study involving 2,408 [en.wikipedia.org]
- Diarrhea
Diarrhea in patients who underwent allo-HSCT may be a sign of an infection, but can also be the result of intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
(CNS) is mostly involved and it can lead to symptoms such as: Confusion Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) Hearing and visual impairment If the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is involved, then GI tract symptoms such as the following may be observed: Ulcers Diarrhea [dovemed.com]
Musculoskeletal
- Fracture
She had a fracture of the left femoral diaphysis 6 weeks prior to presentation. There was no history of any constitutional symptoms. [amhsr.org]
Skin
- Skin Rash
Initial symptoms of ALCL can include fever, backache, painless swelling of lymph nodes, loss of appetite, itching, skin rash, and tiredness. ALCL can be either systemic (occurring throughout the body) or cutaneous (limited to the skin). [lymphoma.org]
People with this lymphoma usually have fever, weight loss, and skin rashes and often develop infections. This lymphoma often progresses quickly. Treatment is often effective at first, but the lymphoma tends to come back (recur). [cancer.org]
- Eczema
Patches are usually flat, possibly scaly, and look like a rash; plaques are thicker, raised, usually itchy lesions that are often mistaken for eczema, psoriasis, or dermatitis; and tumors are raised bumps, which may or may not ulcerate. [lymphoma.org]
Psychiatrical
- Withdrawn
Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie) | Stuttgart, 70174, Germany Recruiting Klinikum Mutterhaus der Borromäerinnen gGmbH, Pädiatrische Abteilung | Trier, 54290, Germany Withdrawn [ichgcp.net]
The donor's blood is withdrawn through a sterile needle in one arm and passed through a machine that removes white blood cells. The red blood cells are returned to the donor. [en.wikipedia.org]
Neurologic
- Confusion
Lipedema is sometimes confused with lymphedema, but these are different conditions. However, lipedema can lead to lymphedema. ### What causes lipedema? The exact cause of lipedema is unknown. But the condition runs in families and may be inherited. [my.clevelandclinic.org]
Lipedema is often confused with lymphedema but there are clear differences. [obesityaction.org]
Clinically and histologically, it may be confused with other small round cell tumors. The curability of LL in contrast to other metastatic malignancies makes early and accurate diagnosis of paramount importance. [amhsr.org]
Other edema causing conditions might be confused with lipedema, including lymphedema, vein disease, hypothyroidism, and systemic causes of edema, like heart failure. How is lipedema diagnosed? As already mentioned, there are no tests for lipedema. [lymphaticnetwork.org]
Follicular lymphoma remains a confusing, controversial disorder. That does not mean, however, that it (and other lymphoma subtypes) cannot be managed effectively leading to long-term, healthy survival far beyond established expectations. [lymphomasurvival.com]
- Headache
She had a 2-week history of headache and unilateral eyelid swelling, and a 2-day history of right-sided groin swelling. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] minor cuts Depending on where the leukemia cells are, you might also have: A full or swollen belly from cancer cells in your liver or spleen Enlarged lymph nodes such as in your neck or groin, under your arms, or above your collarbone Bone or joint pain Headache [webmd.com]
Enlarged liver and spleen Anemia causing pale skin, due to lower levels of red blood cells Thrombocytopenia due to decreased platelets, which can cause bleeding disorders Easy bruising Unintentional weight loss; changes in appetite Fatigue and weakness, headache [dovemed.com]
[…] primarily back and hips) as a result of filgrastim treatment is observed in 80 percent of donors.[49] Donation is not recommended for those with a history of back pain.[49] Other symptoms observed in more than 40 percent of donors include muscle pain, headache [en.wikipedia.org]
- Ataxia
[…] factors associated with the disease include: Previous exposure to chemotherapy and radiation therapy Genetic disorders including: Down syndrome, neurofibromatosis, Klinefelter syndrome, Fanconi anemia, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, Bloom syndrome and ataxia [lls.org]
[…] bruising, bone pain, enlarged lymph nodes[1] Complications Infection, tumor lysis syndrome[2][3] Usual onset 2–5 years old[4] Types B-cell ALL, T-cell ALL[2] Causes Usually unknown[5] Risk factors Identical twin with ALL, Down syndrome, Fanconi anemia, ataxia [en.wikipedia.org]
- Lethargy
10% of adults and less than 5% of children, particularly mature B-cell ALL (Burkitt leukemia) at presentation.[16] The signs and symptoms of ALL are variable and include:[17] Generalized weakness and feeling tired Anemia Dizziness Headache, vomiting, lethargy [en.wikipedia.org]
Workup
METHODS: In this review, we summarize the cases discussed during the workshop, review the pertinent and most recent literature on the respective topics, and provide a few key points that may aid in the workup of patients with B-ALL/LBL. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
She was given supportive care and detailed lab workup was started. [cureus.com]
Microbiology
- Chlamydia
Cunninghan D, Gilchirist NL, Lee FD, Haxton M, Heppleston A, Forrest GJ, Soukop M: T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the uterus complicated by Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia. Postgrad Med J. 1986, 62 (723): 55-574. 10.1136/pgmj.62.723.55. 12. [diagnosticpathology.biomedcentral.com]
Treatment
Treatments Chemotherapy is the main treatment for lymphoblastic lymphomas. Some people may also be offered radiation therapy or a stem cell transplant. [cancer.ca]
The treatment responses of 49 patients treated with the hyper-CVAD regimen were retrospectively analyzed in 13 institutions. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
t(12;21)(p13;q22) TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1); blasts with hyperdiploidy (50 - 66 chromosomes with no structural alterations) Poor prognosis: t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) BCR-ABL1; t(v;11q23) MLL rearranged; blasts with hypodiploidy (< 46 chromosomes); t(1;19)(q23; [pathologyoutlines.com]
Patients sometimes present with respiratory emergency; pleural effusions can also occur • Patients with T-ALL present with large mediastinal or other tissue masses with a high leukocyte count Prognosis and treatment • Prognosis of T-LBL depends on the [doctorlib.info]
The prognosis of the condition is guarded and is evaluated on a case-by-case basis Typically for Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, if all of the following prognostic indicators are noted, then the prognosis is worse. [dovemed.com]
Attempt to make a preoperative diagnosis is crucial because ovarian NHL responds well to chemotherapy and has a good prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Etiology
We describe the case of an infant with primary cutaneous B-cell LBL who was initially diagnosed by a primary care physician with an infectious etiology and consequently treated with topical and oral antibiotics. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Definition / general Pre B lymphoblastic leukemia is defined as 20% or more lymphoblasts in bone marrow Terminology Disorder of immature B cells that usually affects children, and often presents with diffuse multiorgan involvement Etiology Derived from [pathologyoutlines.com]
Conversely, a diagnosis of ALL requires at least 20% lymphoblasts in marrow. [2] Etiology and Pathophysiology Lymphoblastic lymphoma is associated with exposure to radiation or pesticides and congenital or acquired immunosuppression and is more common [emedicine.medscape.com]
(Etiology) Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells that are responsible for providing immunity in the human body. B-cells and T-cells are the two different types of lymphocytes. [dovemed.com]
Epidemiology
The aim of the present analysis was to characterize the clinical features and histologic subtypes and to assess the clinical prognostic factors for 696 adult patients with LL, the largest epidemiologic sample to date. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
As a result, the true number of women with lipedema, or its epidemiology, is unknown. [lipedema.org]
Epidemiology B-ALL is predominantly a disease of childhood (75% of cases <6 years old). B lymphoblastic lymphoma constitutes ~10% of cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma and 75% of cases are less than 18 years old. [e-immunohistochemistry.info]
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Pathophysiology
Haematology (51) Internal Medicine (51) Pathology and Forensic Medicine (48) Oncology, Radiation Therapy (35) Physiology and Pathophysiology (27) Paediatrics, Neonatology (17) Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry (16) Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics [portal.mefanet.cz]
Pathophysiological dilemmas of lipedema. Med Hypotheses. 2014;83:599–606. CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar [4] Fife CE, Maus EA, Carter MJ. Lipedema: a frequently misdiagnosed and misunderstood fatty deposition syndrome. [degruyter.com]
The underlying pathophysiology of large fat cells and surrounding hyaluronic acid and water can also be found in diabetes, therefore studying the fat in either condition is crucial. [obesityaction.org]
IBS continues to be a therapeutic challenge because of its diverse symptomatology and lack of a single pathophysiological target for drug intervention. [kiss.kstudy.com]
Prevention
Primary testicular lymphoblastic B cell lymphoma is an aggressive disease and it is necessary a multimodal therapy (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) to prevent metastasis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
CNS prophylaxis may be given to prevent lymphoma cells from spreading to the brain and spinal cord. [cancer.ca]
Some of these cells include red blood cells which carry oxygen, platelets which are used to form blood clots and prevent bleeding, and white blood cells whose function is to fight infection. [cumc.columbia.edu]
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