The surgical procedures which may be utilized for this problem are numerous, ranging from ablation of the digit as a primary surgical procedure to numerous defatting procedures combined with other techniques. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Six patients underwent resection of the proximal phalanges together with bulk reduction of the soft tissue mass. Only soft tissue reduction was performed in the remaining two patients. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Furthermore, it was identified that GRIN3A and MAPT were regulated by the cAMP‑protein kinase A and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 pathways, respectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These facts suggest that this case of macrodactyly was sustained by an underlying disorder, namely, a "forme fruste" of neurofibromatosis, implying the existence of a still unknown pathogenetic mechanism. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]