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Malignant Neoplasm of the Breast

Hereditary Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women worldwide. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed breast tumor, found in about 75% of cases and infiltrating lobular, infiltrating medullary, colloid, comedo or papillary carcinomas in the others. Inflammatory carcinomas account for approximately 1% of cases. The first noticeable symptom of breast cancer is usually a lump.


Presentation
  • More then one type of breast cancer can be present in any one case of breast cancer.[breastnotes.com]
  • For reasons of succinctness and presentation, the information provided on this website may be in the form of summaries and generalisations, and may omit detail that could be significant in a particular context, or to particular persons.[clik.dva.gov.au]
  • She is at present on regular follow-up after the completion of adjuvant treatment and is disease-free till the date of writing this article. Discussion The second- and higher-order malignancies comprise about 18% of all cancers.[ccij-online.org]
  • The sentinel lymph nodes are examined in the laboratory to see if there are any cancer cells present. This provides a good indicator of whether the cancer has spread.[nhs.uk]
  • […] under Part XIA of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 (Cth) , Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency , as in force on 2 August 2017; Note 1: Examples of circumstances that might lead to exposure to ionising radiation include being present[legislation.gov.au]
Rigor
  • […] breast cancer induced by radiation. [109] The Cochrane collaboration (2013) states that the best quality evidence neither demonstrates a reduction in cancer specific, nor a reduction in all cause mortality from screening mammography. [10] When less rigorous[en.wikipedia.org]
Breast Mass
  • At stage 0, the breast mass is noninvasive. At this stage, there is no indication that the tumor cells have spread to other parts of the breast or other parts of the body.[cancercenter.com]
  • Signs and symptoms Characteristics Benign Malignant Breast mass – a dominant mass is a distinct mass that is asymmetric with the other breast. Benign findings are often associated with cysts, fibroadenomas, or fibrocystic changes.[pathophys.org]
  • The second patient presented with a breast mass as well as multiple liver lesions. The breast mass was initially misdiagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma.[nature.com]
  • We describe an MGCT that presented as a right breast mass in a 79-year-old Japanese woman. Local excision was performed for the primary tumor, which was diagnosed as an atypical GCT, but 15 months later, the tumor recurred at the same site.[link.springer.com]
  • The radiologist’s impression is right breast mass, BI-RADS 4, biopsy recommended. N63 Unspecified lump in breast Scenario #3: Diagnostic mammogram of the left breast is ordered 2 years status post mastectomy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma.[rccb.org]
Nipple Discharge
  • […] zazy OH Joined: Nov 2009 Posts: 14 Latest activity: Jan 1, 2010 Log in to post a reply Jan 1, 2010 04:41AM zazy wrote: Just had a duct excision for spontaneous nipple discharge.[community.breastcancer.org]
  • Absence of discrete lump Mobile Soft Smooth borders Tender Discrete lump Fixed Firm Irregular borders Non-tender Nipple discharge – usually benign, but discharge with blood, from a single duct, or associated with breast mass raises probability of cancer[pathophys.org]
  • discharge Physical exam firm immobile, painless lump some skin changes redness, ulcerations, edema, and nodularity axillary lymphadenopathy in more advanced cases breast skin edema with dimpling ( peau d' orange ) represents obstruction of the lymphatics[medbullets.com]
  • Common examples include: N63 – Unspecified lump in breast N64.52 – Nipple discharge N64.4 - Mastodynia R92.0 – Mammographic microcalcification found on diagnostic imaging of breast R92.1 – Mammographic calcification found on diagnostic imaging of breast[rccb.org]
  • , discharge from nipple/s, constant pain in part of the breast or armpit, and swelling beneath the armpit or around the collarbone. [20] Pain (" mastodynia ") is an unreliable tool in determining the presence or absence of breast cancer, but may be indicative[en.wikipedia.org]

Workup
  • She was diagnosed as AML - M2 in the year 2007 after a complete workup. She was treated with the standard induction chemotherapy regimen of 3 7 daunomycin and cytarabine.[ccij-online.org]
  • Patients require a systemic workup to evaluate for metastases to other organ systems, and a multidisciplinary team including oncology, radiation oncology, and ophthalmology are necessary.[eyewiki.aao.org]

Treatment
  • Radiation treatments used to last for several weeks, but advances in radiation treatments has lead to very targeted treatments that may only take one week.[knowcancer.com]
  • Often different types of treatment are used together to achieve the best result.[hopkinsmedicine.org]
  • Treatment-related leukemia typically occurs in the first 10 years after treatment after which risk tapers a little.[ccij-online.org]
  • How your body reacts to a treatment plan however, can be different from someone else. It all depends on the type of breast cancer treatment being administered to you.[healthline.com]

Prognosis
  • Prognosis The prognosis for people with breast tumors depends largely on the size, type and staging of the tumor. When detected early enough, the prognosis for people with breast tumors is generally very good.[knowcancer.com]
  • These differences often affect prognosis. Tumor characteristics, such as hormone receptor status and HER2 status, also affect prognosis. Learn more about factors that affect prognosis .[ww5.komen.org]
  • For example, Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) involving the entire breast will still be stage zero and consequently an excellent prognosis with a 10-year disease free survival of about 98%. [126] Stage 1 cancers (and DCIS, LCIS) have an excellent prognosis[en.wikipedia.org]
  • In general, pathological staging provides the most information to determine a patient’s prognosis.[cancer.net]
  • Compared to more common types of breast cancers, papillary breast cancers are less likely to involve the lymph nodes, are more responsive to treatment, and may have a better prognosis than more common types of invasive ductal cancer.[hopkinsmedicine.org]

Etiology
  • […] factor: Treatment-related, syndromic, and due to shared etiologic influences. [8] Although a causal link has not been proven, these neoplasms are thought to be a direct consequence of mutational events caused by cytotoxic therapy.[ccij-online.org]
  • The etiology of MPMTs remains unclear.[journals.plos.org]
  • As far as the etiology is concerned, Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53 mutation) has been reported to increase the risk of phyllodes tumors ( 3 , 4 ).[spandidos-publications.com]

Epidemiology
  • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention . 8 (10): 843–54. PMID 10548311 .[en.wikipedia.org]
  • Introduction Epidemiology breast cancer is the most common cancer and second most common cause of death in adult women Risk factors BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations associated with multiple / early onset breast and ovarian cancer other genetic relationships[medbullets.com]
  • An analysis of Surverllance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program Data. Cancer 68: 2069–2073. pmid:1913556 View Article PubMed/NCBI Google Scholar 15.[journals.plos.org]
  • View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI 2 Bernstein L, Deapen D and Ross RK: The descriptive epidemiology of malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes tumors of the breast. Cancer. 71:3020–3024. 1993.[spandidos-publications.com]
Sex distribution
Age distribution

Pathophysiology
  • Breast Cancer Pathophysiology Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast. Like other cancers, there are several factors that can raise the risk of getting breast cancer.[news-medical.net]
  • Types of invasive breast carcinoma include ductal, lobular, and mixed. [5] Pathophysiology To date, the basis for breast carcinoma as the most common primary metastatic process to the orbit is unclear.[eyewiki.aao.org]
  • Diabetes mellitus might also increase the risk of breast cancer. [66] Autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus seem also to increase the risk for the acquisition of breast cancer. [67] Pathophysiology [ edit ] Overview of signal transduction pathways[en.wikipedia.org]

Prevention
  • Related information Information for Health Professionals – Recommendations on Prevention and Screening for Breast Cancer Cancer Prevention Series 4 – Breast Cancer Prevention and Screening For further information about women's health, please visit the[chp.gov.hk]
  • Papillary Breast Cancer Treatment Local therapy is aimed at preventing the cancer from coming back in the breast. Local therapy includes surgery (lumpectomy or mastectomy), and may include radiation.[hopkinsmedicine.org]
  • US Preventive Services Task Force (17 November 2009). "Screening for breast cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement" .[en.wikipedia.org]
  • Preventive surgery. Women with a very high risk of breast cancer may choose to have their healthy breasts surgically removed (prophylactic mastectomy).[mayoclinic.org]
  • Chemotherapy treatments are sometimes given in an effort to prevent future breast tumors from developing. Since some breast tumors require estrogen to continue growing hormone-blocking therapy is used to deter this.[knowcancer.com]

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Last updated: 2018-06-21 17:59