Presentation
We present four cases and a brief review of the literature to highlight HSP in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with any of the typical clinical signs and symptoms. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The mortality rate in patients who present with hematochezia is only 19 percent, compared with 83 percent in patients with any other presenting symptom. [aafp.org]
Bowel obstruction or perforation may result in sudden incapacitation, while chronic anemia may present a more subtle risk for incapacitation. [aopa.org]
The barium and air create an outline around your colon, allowing the doctor to see if abnormalities are present. Other tests. [secondopinion-tv.org]
During the physical exam, your doctor will press on your abdomen to see if there is any discomfort or masses present. [verywell.com]
Entire Body System
- Weight Loss
Symptoms of colon cancer may include persistent constipation or diarrhea, blood in the stool, and unexplained fatigue or weight loss. [msdmanuals.com]
loss with no known reason Fatigue Nausea or vomiting Because you may not have symptoms at first, it's important to have screening tests. [medlineplus.gov]
loss In most cases, people who have these symptoms do not have cancer. [keckmedicine.org]
loss Constant feeling of fatigue or tiredness Diagnosis Tests used to identify potential colon cancers include: Fecal occult blood test Colonoscopy Sigmoidoscopy Barium enema CT colonography Additional tests may confirm the presence of colon cancer, [cancer.uvahealth.com]
- Fatigue
Symptoms of colon cancer may include persistent constipation or diarrhea, blood in the stool, and unexplained fatigue or weight loss. [msdmanuals.com]
Common side effects include: hair loss nausea fatigue vomiting Combination therapies often mix multiple types of chemotherapy or combine chemotherapy with other treatments. [medicalnewstoday.com]
The symptoms of anemia include weakness, easy fatiguability, shortness of breath and palpitations. These symptoms are explained by the anatomy of ascending colon. [livestrong.com]
- Pathologist
A pathologist then examines the tissue under a microscope to look for cancerous cells. To better visualize the various parts of the tissue, the pathologist often stains it, sometimes with multiple dyes. [everydayhealth.com]
A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing diseases by examining tissue from the body. You will probably never meet the pathologist, but samples of your colon tissue, removed during surgery or biopsy, will be sent to them for review. [oncolink.org]
Chemotherapy After the surgeon removes the section of the colon, a pathologist evaluates the cancer under a microscope. [cedars-sinai.edu]
The tumor is examined by a pathologist to determine the pathologic state – whether they appear normal (called cell differentiation). [mycoloncancercoach.org]
UNDERSTANDING YOUR PATHOLOGY REPORT: FAQ SHEET When your colon was biopsied or resected, the samples taken were studied under the microscope by a specialized doctor with many years of training called a pathologist. [adasp.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Hematochezia
Hematochezia as the presenting symptom tends to be associated with tumors located in the descending colon. [aafp.org]
- Lower Abdominal Pain
[…] liver, abdominal bloating, pain in lower back or bladder symptoms such as urinary frequency or blood in the urine. [bccancer.bc.ca]
- Abdominal Distension
You may notice the following symptoms of bowel obstruction: Abdominal distension: Your belly sticks out more than it did before without weight gain. Abdominal pain : This is rare in colon cancer. One cause is tearing (perforation) of the bowel. [emedicinehealth.com]
- Abdominal Bloating
[…] liver, abdominal bloating, pain in lower back or bladder symptoms such as urinary frequency or blood in the urine. [bccancer.bc.ca]
- Flatulence
In this case, the doctor will examine the abdomen and feel whether there is excessive flatulence, whether a tumour can be palpitated, or whether there are hernial canals. [baermed.ch]
Workup
Your doctor will require a staging workup, including colonoscopy, CEA blood level, chest X-ray, and CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, to determine if the cancer has spread. [mycoloncancercoach.org]
You may be referred to an enterostomal therapist (a health care professional, often a nurse, trained to help people with their colostomies) as part of your initial workup. [healthywomen.org]
[…] structures (T4) N0 M0 Stage IIA T3 N0 M0 Stage IIB T4a N0 M0 Stage IIC T4b N0 M0 Stage IIIA T1-2 T1 N1/N1c N2a M0 Stage IIIB T3-4a T2-3 T1-2 N1/N1c N2a N2b M0 Stage IIIC T4a T3-4a T4b N2a N2b N1-2 M0 Stage IVA T1-4 N1-3 M1a Stage IVB T1-4 N1-3 M1b See Workup [emedicine.medscape.com]
Treatment
Chemotherapy may also be used after surgery (called adjuvant treatment). Most adjuvant treatment is given for about 6 months. [cancer.org]
Any questions you may have about colorectal cancer, treatments or clinical trials can be answered by your doctor. [bswhealth.com]
Radiotherapy can be used as a standalone treatment to shrink a tumor or destroy cancer cells, or alongside other cancer treatments. Radiation treatments are not often used until a later stage. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Treatment Options for Colon Cancer For information about the treatments listed below, see the Treatment Option Overview section. [cancer.gov]
However, treatment can often slow down the progression of the cancer. The treatment of cancer is a developing area of medicine. New treatments continue to be developed and the information on outlook above is very general. [patient.info]
Prognosis
These have a worse prognosis than non-mucinous carsinomas. Photomicrograph of a primary mucinous adenocarcinoma. Click to enlarge. [oncolex.org]
For the current study, the researchers sought to confirm a link between tumor location and prognosis in metastatic colon cancer (mCRC). They used data from three separate studies which included a total of 2,027 patients. [medicaldaily.com]
Prognosis Gastrointestinal or pulmonary bleeding can be life-threatening. The long term prognosis depends on the extent of the renal involvement. [orpha.net]
Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer A prognosis is the probable outcome of an illness based upon all the relevant facts of the case. [nccs.com.sg]
Etiology
Etiology SHP is associated with deposition of IgA-dominant immune complexes in arterioles, capillaries, and venules, but the exact etiology remains unknown. [orpha.net]
It is a multifactorial disease process, with etiology encompassing genetic factors, environmental exposures (including diet), and inflammatory conditions of the digestive tract. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology
Related Journals: American Journal of Epidemiology, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, International Journal of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Journal of Immunology, Annual Review of Immunology, Journal of Allergy [colorectal-cancer.imedpub.com]
Summary Epidemiology SHP usually affects children and is rare in adults. Annual incidence in children is estimated at between 1/6,660 and 1/4,880, whereas it is estimated at around 1/1,000,000 in adults. The male-to-female ratio is 1.5:1. [orpha.net]
Poster No. 253 COMPA Page 95 and 96: Poster No. 265 Poster No. 266 Poste Page 97 and 98: Poster No. 280 ORGAN-SPECIFIC AUTOA Page 99 and 100: Poster Viewing Three Friday 01 May Page 101 and 102: Poster No. 303 Poster No. 304 Poste Page 103 and 104: Epidemiology [yumpu.com]
The mortality data came from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program, as reported by the National Center for Health Statistics, which tracks cause-specific mortality rates. [edition.cnn.com]
However, most of these studies were retrospective epidemiologic studies and have yet to be validated in prospective, placebo-controlled, interventional trials. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Pathophysiology
Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 126. National Cancer Institute website. [medlineplus.gov]
Sleisinger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and liver disease; pathophysiology, diagnosis, management. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1998. 11. Launoy G, Smith TC, Duffy SW, Bouvier V. [aafp.org]
Pathophysiology Genetically, colorectal cancer represents a complex disease, and genetic alterations are often associated with progression from premalignant lesion (adenoma) to invasive adenocarcinoma. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prevention
The procedure takes 15 - 30 minutes during which time the patient is sedated to prevent discomfort. [coloncancerfoundation.org]
"Screening for Colorectal Cancer" in Guide to Clinical Preventative Services, 2nd Edition, Report of the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force, U.S. [labtestsonline.it]
Eating a rainbow of plant antioxidants is another strategy to prevent colon cancer. [thetruthaboutcancer.com]
For this reason, doctors recommend regular screening tests to help prevent colon cancer by identifying and removing polyps before they turn into cancer. [mayoclinic.org]