Coronary artery disease was present as identified by an episode of retrostrenal chest pain and a stress test showed ST segment elevation in the electrocardiogram. No palpable abnormalities were present in the breast or axilla. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The patient was asymptomatic, and the image is identical to that presented in Keats (5-109). Osteitis condensans : Rare. Invariably unilateral. Primarily affects women between the ages of 20 to 60. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

CASE PRESENTATION A 41-year-old woman presented for baseline screening mammography. She was nulliparous but had no other risk factor for breast cancer. [pubs.rsna.org]

All patients presented epilepsy. There was no predominance regarding gender (22 M/22 F); 83.7% of the patients presented their first seizure (febrile or non febrile) up to the age of five years. [scielo.br]

We present a case of temporal artery medial ossification in a patient with suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA). [canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca]

• Inflammation

  Mediastinitis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the chest area between the lungs (mediastinum). [medlineplus.gov]

  It has the additional benefit of reducing pain-causing inflammation. NSAIDs are used less often for the treatment of OA, but they may help reduce your pain if you’re experiencing a lot of inflammation in the knee. [healthline.com]

  […] sclerosis [ sklĕ-ro´sis ] an induration or hardening, especially of a part from inflammation, or in disease of the interstitial substance. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  The infrequent occurrence of this condition in the temporal artery and the presence of a fragmented internal elastic lamina should not be erroneously interpreted as sequelae of previous arterial inflammation. [bjo.bmj.com]

  Depression is predominantly caused by inflammation in the brain, which is a hallmark of MS.15 Although researchers do not fully understand the pathogenesis of MS, they think inflammation precedes neuron death and myelin loss. [dana.org]

• Weakness

  Weakness in swallowing muscles may cause choking and greater difficulty eating and managing saliva. Weakness in breathing muscles can cause respiratory insufficiency, especially when lying down. [mda.org]

  They include: Stiffness, weakness and muscle spasms (spasticity) in your legs, often starting in one leg Tripping, difficulty with balance and clumsiness as the leg muscles weaken Weakness and stiffness progressing to your trunk, then your arms, hands [mayoclinic.org]

  Sickles and Galvin (,7) refuted the association between arterial calcifications on mammograms and diabetes as too weak to be clinically useful. [pubs.rsna.org]

  Mild dysarthria may occur, caused by bulbar weakness, cerebellar damage, or disturbance of cortical control. Other cranial nerve deficits are unusual but may occur secondary to brain stem injury. Weakness is common. [msdmanuals.com]

  Background: Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can present with different combinations of functional deficits, such as loss of balance, poor coordination, weakness, spasticity, gait disabilities and fall risk [1]. [egms.de]

• Asymptomatic

  CLINICAL PRESENTATION An individual is usually asymptomatic unless severe. However, if severe, it is a poor prognostic sign for diabetics and heart patients due to the stiffening of vessel. [medrx-education.com]

  Clinical findings Medial cystic sclerosis is usually asymptomatic, but may be associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. [newmedicalterms.com]

  Clinical findings Medial cystic sclerosis is usually asymptomatic, but may be associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  The patient was asymptomatic, and the image is identical to that presented in Keats (5-109). Osteitis condensans : Rare. Invariably unilateral. Primarily affects women between the ages of 20 to 60. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

  Treatment and prognosis Because of the high prevalence of asymptomatic iliac vein compression, follow up is not necessary unless the patient is symptomatic from the process. [radiopaedia.org]

• Anemia

  Therefore, ancillary investigations should be selected based on the history and physical examination findings and may include any of the following: Complete blood count (CBC) to evaluate for features of anemia, leukemia, or leukocytosis Serum vitamin [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Vascular Disease

  Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries (I70-I79) I70 Atherosclerosis Includes: arteriolosclerosis arteriosclerosis arteriosclerotic vascular disease atheroma degeneration: · arterial · arteriovascular · vascular endarteritis deformans or obliterans [apps.who.int]

  COMMENT: The sections may not be representative of disease in the distal vascular bed. See also Vascular disease. References ↑ Klatt, Edward C. (2006). Robbins and Cotran Atlas of Pathology (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 7. ISBN 978-1416002741. [librepathology.org]

  Differentiation of multipotent vascular stem cells contributes to vascular diseases. Nat Commun, 3 (2012), pp. 875 [19] G. Lefthériotis, L. Omarjee, O. Le Saux, D. Henrion, P. Abraham, F. Prunier, et al. [elsevier.es]

  Background : Although various factors may influence the outcome of diabetic foot ulcers in diabetic subjects, the severity of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is the main independent risk factor for amputation. [dbpia.co.kr]

  […] endarteritis vascular degeneration Type 2 Excludes arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (I25.1-) arteriosclerotic heart disease (I25.1-) atheroembolism (I75.-) cerebral atherosclerosis (I67.2) coronary atherosclerosis (I25.1-) mesenteric atherosclerosis [icd10data.com]

• Skin Disease

  According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, OA is the most common form of knee arthritis. [healthline.com]

• Arthritis

  Arthritis treatment may include: NSAIDs The first-line treatment is usually nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). [healthline.com]

  Arthritis in black and white. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1998:23–57. [aafp.org]

  Infection : Osteomyelitis or septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint. May see joint space narrowing, bone destruction, periosteal reaction, and soft tissue swelling. Friedrich disease : Rare. [roentgenrayreader.blogspot.com]

  The rheumatoid arthritis in our patient’s history is a strong indicator of an autoimmune process going on in the patient’s organism. [egms.de]

• Fracture

  She had no history of hypertension, cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion, weight loss, fractures or fever. Her medical history was significant for intermittent claudication. [bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com]

  Tomography is only helpful if an occult fracture is suspected, but routine tomography is not indicated to monitor osteoarthritis. [aafp.org]

  Fracture of arteries. J Med Res 1916. 29:495–507. [Google Scholar] MacCallum, W. G. A Text-Book of Pathology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1937. [Google Scholar] Peery, T. M. and F. N. Jr Miller. [archivesofpathology.org]

  There has been a recognition that CKD is associated with a bone and mineral disorder manifested by (1) laboratory abnormalities of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D; (2) evidence of bone disease (renal osteodystrophy, fractures, [cjasn.asnjournals.org]

Metastatic workup was ordered and medical consultation was requested for possible infectious etiology. The patient underwent bone scan and CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. They were all negative. [egms.de]

MRI has become integral to the initial diagnostic workup of patients with MS. [dana.org]

• Pericardial Effusion

  Chest x-ray and computed tomography (CT) chest showed wide mediastinum, moderate bilateral pleural effusion with adjacent sub pleural atelectasis, bilateral basal lung infiltrates, and mild pericardial effusion but no signs of pulmonary embolism. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  CT evidence of mediastinitis includes localised mediastinal fluid collections or abscesses, gas bubbles in the mediastinal soft tissues, pleural or pericardial effusions, venous thrombosis and lymphadenopathy [6, 22, 25]. [err.ersjournals.com]

  Widening of the mediastinal shadow, pleural and pericardial effusions and lung abscess also may be found.1,12 However, conventional chest X-ray may mislead the diagnosing of DM. [scielo.br]

In patients with a documented disorder of phosphate homeostasis (typically chronic kidney disease with a mineral and bone disorder, as is the case for this patient), prevention and treatment includes phosphate binders, low-dose vitamin D, calcimimetics [ccjm.org]

The first step in treatment of cortical dysplasia is controlling the seizures. Anti-seizure medications are often prescribed as a treatment for cortical dysplasia. [inova.org]

Surgical Treatments for Mesial Temporal Sclerosis Mesial temporal sclerosis treatments generally consist of managing the epilepsy symptom by using either anticonvulsant medication or, if medication is not effective, surgery. [nspc.com]

Synonyms Moenckeberg medial calcific sclerosis, calcific medial sclerosis of Monckeberg, Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis (also written Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis) LM calcifications of the tunica media LM DDx atherosclerosis Site blood vessels - arteries Prognosis [librepathology.org]

But it is a prognosis snapshot for today, based on clinical signs and tests results that might aid a longer term estimate of progression. [multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com]

OBJECTIVE: To analyze retrospectively a series of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), and the association of patterns of hippocampal sclerosis with clinical data and surgical prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment and prognosis Because of the high prevalence of asymptomatic iliac vein compression, follow up is not necessary unless the patient is symptomatic from the process. [radiopaedia.org]

Prognosis Multiple sclerosis can have severe debilitating effects within 20-25 years of onset. [eyewiki.aao.org]

As a possible etiologic factor inducing these two responses, hyperphosphatemia among various metabolic disturbances recognized in uremia may play an important role in the development of MMS in uremia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Applicable To Mönckeberg's (medial) sclerosis Use Additional Use Additional Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

The etiology of mesial temporal sclerosis is controversial. It is thought to possibly result from an early injury to the brain or congenital malformation. [casemed.case.edu]

Although these lesions do not usually invade the vessel walls, the arteries affected may also develop atherosclerosis.2 Its etiology remains unknown.4 In our report, the patient was 64 years, did not have diabetes mellitus and had calcifications in the [scielo.br]

Epidemiological observations link medial sclerosis not only to diabetes, but also to other disease states commonly encountered in the population, such as osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease. [jrdiabet.ro]

Epidemiological studies have used the ratio of ankle to brachial blood pressure (ankle brachial pressure index, ABPI or ABI) as an indicator of arterial calcification with ABPI >1.3 to >1.5 being used as a diagnostic criterion depending on the study.[ [en.wikipedia.org]

References:[1][2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

The pathophysiology of Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis is still unclear, but it can be induced in animal models by injecting adrenalin, nicotine, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D. 2 In addition, lumbar sympathectomy has been shown to promote occurrence [bjo.bmj.com]

Dentistry (71) Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics (51) Pathology and Forensic Medicine (39) Internal Medicine (36) Paediatrics, Neonatology (23) Oncology, Radiation Therapy (21) Biophysics (17) Physiology and Pathophysiology (16) Cardiology, Angiology [portal.mefanet.cz]

Etiology Pathophysiology Immune-mediated damage Most common sites of demyelination in MS Periventricular areas Brainstem Cerebellum Spinal cord References:[2] Clinical features Optic neuritis (most often the earliest manifestation): impaired vision and [amboss.com]

Reviewing the pathophysiology behind the advances in the management of giant cell arteritis. Ophthalmol Ther. 2019;8(2):177–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-019-0171-0. [link.springer.com]

Despite the foregoing, recent pathophysiological studies have suggested that there are inflammatory and genetic alterations closely related with the medial vascular calcification. [elsevier.es]

Sterile talc or an antibiotic may be inserted at the time of surgery to prevent the recurrence of fluid build-up. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

According to the researchers, the overgrowth of bone may sometimes help realign bowed knee joints and prevent excessive abrading. [verywellhealth.com]

In patients with a documented disorder of phosphate homeostasis (typically chronic kidney disease with a mineral and bone disorder, as is the case for this patient), prevention and treatment includes phosphate binders, low-dose vitamin D, calcimimetics [ccjm.org]

How can mediastinitis be prevented? Prevention of mediastinitis depends on the cause. Mediastinitis due to oropharyngeal infection can be prevented by the rapid diagnosis and treatment of the inciting infection to prevent further spread. [infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com]

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