To date, there has been no report of a child with ectopia lentis as the only presentation of an intraocular tumor. We present 2 children with malignant medulloepitheliomas who presented in this fashion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cervical Lymphadenopathy

  He had a recurrence after 2 years of enucleation but the cause of recurrence and the cervical lymphadenopathy, remained inconclusive as the patient was lost from follow up. [ijo.in]

• Lymphadenopathy

  He had a recurrence after 2 years of enucleation but the cause of recurrence and the cervical lymphadenopathy, remained inconclusive as the patient was lost from follow up. [ijo.in]

• Projectile Vomiting

  Seven months after the operation, she was found to have brain metastases on magnetic resonance imaging ( Figures 3A–3C ) after she complained of headaches, dizziness, and projectile vomiting. [healio.com]

• Redness of Eye

  A 6-year-old boy with a history of an amblyopic, occasionally red left eye was found to have a solid white mass overlying the optic disc on dilated ocular fundus examination. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Leg Pain

  Case 1 involved a 44-year-old man who presented with leg pain and urinary incontinence. Spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an enhancing epidural and intradural lumbosacral mass. He underwent L3-S2 laminectomy with partial tumor resection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Neck Mass

  We present a 21-year-old male with a neck mass diagnosed as medulloepithelioma. Despite aggressive chemo- and radio-therapy, the tumor metastasized and proved fatal after seventeen months. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Renal Insufficiency

  Her past medical history included ovarian Sertoli–Leydig tumor treated with resection, thyroid papillary tumor treated with thyroidectomy, pinealoblastoma treated with chemo-radiation, chronic renal insufficiency, and cystic disease of the kidneys and [nature.com]

Diagnosis, Workup and Treatment The leading differential diagnoses included retinoblastoma, medulloepithelioma and juvenile xanthogranuloma. [reviewofophthalmology.com]

The third child continues free of tumor beyond 12 years from treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

These tumors are generally associated with a good prognosis for survival, but are potentially lethal when they extend extrasclerally. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment and prognosis Medullary epithelioma carries dismal prognosis with a median survival of 5 months. [radiopaedia.org]

However, non-neoplasmic etiologies must be ruled out. The presence of the ciliary mass may be secondary to chronic inflammatory lesion. Granuloma forming infection like ocular toxocariasis must be considered. [egms.de]

Disease Medulloepithelioma Etiology Medulloepithelioma is a tumor that arises from the epithelium of the medullary tube, most often the ciliary body. [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

Iris cysts ICD-9 364.60 ICD-10 H21.302 Etiology An iris cyst is an epithelial-lined space that involves a layer of the iris. A primary iris cyst does not have a recognizable etiology. [eyewiki.aao.org]

The etiology of cerebellar mutism syndrome remains unclear, although cerebellar vermian damage and/or disruption of cerebellar-cortical tracts has been postulated as the possible cause for the mutism.[ 4, 5 ]; [ 6 ][ Level of evidence: 3iC ] In two Children [cancer.gov]

[…] shown C19MC alterations ( Acta Neuropathol 2016;131:803 ) Essential features Belongs to ETMR, a new subclassification of embryonal tumors, some of which have C19MC alterations C19MC altered embryonal tumors overexpress LIN28A protein Poor prognosis Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Differentiating Medulloepithelioma from Other Diseases Medulloepithelioma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause vision loss, ocular mass, and headache such as: Brain tumors Intraocular lymphoma Anterior chamber cyst Epidemiology and Demographics [wikidoc.org]

Epidemiology Choroidal melanomas are found most often in countries with large populations of people of northern European decent. [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

Conclusion We describe the features (epidemiological, clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and therapeutic outcomes) of our case and confront it to literature data. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Iris pigment epithelium cysts Iris stromal cysts Secondary Cysts Epithelial downgrowth Post-surgical Post-traumatic Cysts secondary to intraocular tumors Iris melanoma Medulloepithelioma Medication-induced Miotics (phospholine iodide) Prostaglandins Epidemiology [eyewiki.aao.org]

Key words: Medulloepithelioma, ciliary body, retinoblastoma Advertisement Journal of Molecular Pathophysiology SUBMIT YOUR ARTICLE NOW [scopemed.org]

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Medulloepithelioma not otherwise specified Medulloepithelioma with differentiation into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes ; ependymal cells Medulloepithelioma with neuronal cells, other cells ( melanocytes, mesenchymal cells ), and mixed cellular elements Pathophysiology [wikidoc.org]

Epithelium from stromal cysts contains goblet cells. [3] Pathophysiology The pathogenesis of primary iris cysts is not entirely understood, and proposed mechanisms in the literature are controversial. [eyewiki.aao.org]

It is suggested that the LIN28/let-7 pathway plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of malignant neoplasms such as ETMR and germ cell tumors. [journals.plos.org]

Treatment A total resection to completely remove the tumor is usually necessary to prevent it from spreading further. Radiotherapy is used may also be necessary in some cases, in order to shrink the tumor and prevent it from growing. [bookinghealth.com]

Prevention There are no primary preventive measures available for medulloepithelioma. References McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. [wikidoc.org]

However, the long gap in follow-up prevented a more timely diagnosis because it delayed further investigations, such as ultrasound biomicroscopy, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. 2 In cases with an idiopathic diagnosis, avoiding premature [healio.com]

Care was taken to prevent excessive blood loss, but still around 100 cc red blood cells and 80 cc fresh frozen plasma was transfused. After operation, the boy was transferred to pediatric intensive care unit, and the next day, he was extubated. [journals.lww.com]

However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as "NCI's PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary]." [northshore.org]