CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old boy presented with acute worsening and subsequent spontaneous resolution of his compensated hydrocephalus. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This paper presents the clinical diagnosis with vertebral angiogrraphy, pneumoencephalography and computed tomography. [jkns.or.kr]

An enlarged posterior fossa can sometimes be present. History and etymology The term was first coined by Gonsette et al in 1962, in patients with cerebellar atrophy. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

• Arachnodactyly

  He had a dysmorphic face, low-set and cup-shaped ears, arachnodactyly, and mild mental retardation. The patient's laboratory findings were normal except for a mild leucocytosis and hypochromic microcytic anemia. [mendeley.com]

  Although our case had arachnodactyly, this feature has not been reported so far in this syndrome. 4. [hindawi.com]

• Fishing

  Pure tetrasomy 20p was confirmed using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with a telomere probe for chromosome 20p in all seven metaphase cells. The pregnancy was terminated because of associated multiple anomalies and severe oligohydramnios. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Inguinal Hernia

  hernia), central nervous system (cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, mega cisterna magna, mental motor retardation, convulsions, corpus callosum dysgenesis, cranial bone defects, and spina bifida occulta), and genitourinary anomalies (renal hypoplasia and [hindawi.com]

• Hip Dislocation

  dislocation, and polydactyly), respiratory, gastrointestinal (umbilical and inguinal hernia), central nervous system (cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, mega cisterna magna, mental motor retardation, convulsions, corpus callosum dysgenesis, cranial bone [hindawi.com]

• Cup-Shaped Ears

  He had a dysmorphic face, low-set and cup-shaped ears, arachnodactyly, and mild mental retardation. The patient's laboratory findings were normal except for a mild leucocytosis and hypochromic microcytic anemia. [mendeley.com]

  In his physical examination, he had a dysmorphic face (wide forehead, hypertelorism), low-set and cup-shaped ears, arachnodactyly, and mild mental retardation (Figures 1, 2, and 3). [hindawi.com]

[…] with a low‐risk serum screen for aneuploidy that the finding of an isolated mildly enlarged cisterna magna with otherwise normal intracranial anatomy, especially in the third trimester, is usually a normal variant and therefore does not require further workup [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

• Microcytic Anemia

  The patient's laboratory findings were normal except for a mild leucocytosis and hypochromic microcytic anemia. His cerebrospinal fluid was cytologically and biochemically normal. [mendeley.com]

  The patient’s laboratory findings were normal except for a mild leucocytosis and hypochromic microcytic anemia. His cerebrospinal fluid was cytologically and biochemically normal. [hindawi.com]

Treatment with amisulpride 1200 mg/day resulted in a 30% decrease in PANSS score within 2 months. Then galantamine 8 mg/day was added and PANSS score decreased further by 27% within 2 weeks. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] of the newborn a few hours after with cPMP through a central line with good results.8 After a daily treatment with cPMP, the patient manifested an almost normal neurodevelopment.8 Lubout et al published a case where the treatment is administered shortly [dovepress.com]

The mega cisterna magna is a congenital developmental malformation which in the majority of instances is symptomless and does not require further study or surgical treatment. [moh-it.pure.elsevier.com]

We conclude that overall, the prognosis for these posterior fossa defects is grim but not uniformly fatal. The presence of other anomalies is associated with the worst prognosis. [childnervoussystem.blogspot.com]

The prognosis for mega cisterna magna is good when the condition occurs with normal ventricles in an isolated finding. It is usually observed on a CT/MRI or ultrasound. [reference.com]

In general isolated mild cisterna magna enlargement ( between 10 to 13 mms ) is associated with good prognosis in the child after birth. [kriznanultrasoundimages.com]

Prognosis: Normal neurodevelopment. Recurrence: No increased risk of recurrence. [fetalmedicine.org]

Rarely, both of these conditions may have a common underlying etiology that may indicate a causal relationship. Further studies are required to establish a causal relationship between the mega cistern magna and the psychiatric disorders. [docksci.com]

The etiology of the disease is speculated to be the loss of Zic1/4 genes. Conclusion: This is a case of DWS managed conservatively, with surgery being the usual treatment of choice. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

Etiology: They are congenital lesions that probably arise during development from splitting or duplication of this membrane. The etiology of these lesions is extremely controversial. [thamburaj.com]

CT scanning also is useful in Dandy-Walker malformation, since it can distinguish between hydrocephalus associated with Dandy-Walker and hydrocephalus with other etiologies. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

Epidemiology A mega cisterna magna is thought to occur in approximately 1% of all brains imaged postnatally. Associations Especially if noted antenatally, a mega cisterna magna has been associated with infarction inflammation and infection (e.g. [medicalopedia.org]

Epidemiology A mega cisterna magna is thought to occur in ~1% of all brains imaged postnatally. [operativeneurosurgery.com]

Epidemiology and Demographics The Dandy-Walker complex is a genetically sporadic disorder that occurs one in every 25,000 live births, mostly in females. [wikidoc.org]

Epidemiology: Arachnoid cysts correspond to about 1% of all intracranial lesions in the general population and about 3% in the pediatric population. [thamburaj.com]

Discussion Considering the pathophysiology of KLS, the hypothalamic hypo-metabolism may implicate sleep regulation, control of food intake, and sexual behavior. [scirp.org]

[…] role in coordination and motor functions.1 Besides its involvement in motor and vestibulo-ocular regulation, it is considered to be involved in modulation of mood.2 Cerebellar structures, especially the vermis, are considered to be associated with the pathophysiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology: Dandy-Walker malformations are formed during embryogenesis. Insults of varying severity to both the developing cerebellar hemispheres and fourth ventricle currently are believed to be the genesis of the anomaly. [medicaljournal.blogspot.com]

Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. ‏ الصفحة 332 - Crane JP, LeFevre ML, Winborn RC, et al. [books.google.com]

Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. ‎ Pagina 332 - Crane JP, LeFevre ML, Winborn RC, et al. [books.google.ro]

Recently, it has been seen that administering cPMP as substitution therapy does not improve the brain damage already produced but prevents its progressive worsening.1,2,8 In 2012, Hitzert et al published a case diagnosed prenatally, induction of labor [dovepress.com]

Consequently, it also suggested that a certain and possibly large subset of autism cases may actually be preventable with early treatment. [medium.com]

Poor perinatal outcome associated with vasa previa: is it preventable? A report of three cases and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998;12(6):430–3. Review. [glowm.com]