Presentation
If an individual has both meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia, they may present with a mixture of symptoms and signs characteristic to each of the diseases. [dermnetnz.org]
The most common clinical presentations of invasive meningococcal disease are meningitis and/or septicaemia. Meningococcal meningitis usually presents with sudden onset of fever, intense headache, neck stiffness, nausea and vomiting. [travelhealthpro.org.uk]
[…] display the following symptoms; High fever Feeling lethargic, drowsy, irritable or confused Vomiting and diarrhoea Hands and feet feeling cold Pain and soreness in the joints and muscles Patients who have meningococcal meningitis are also likely to present [doctordoctor.com.au]
Petechiae are often also present, but do not always occur, so their absence should not be used against the diagnosis of meningococcal disease. [en.wikipedia.org]
Conclusion Our results demonstrate a further means by which passive smoking presents a significant risk to the health and wellbeing of young children. [bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com]
Treatment
Urgent treatment is essential for bacterial meningitis and septicaemia. If your doctor suspects you have bacterial meningitis, he or she will hospitalise you for treatment with antibiotics, and other supportive care. [health24.com]
For more information about preventive treatment of close contacts, click here. [meningitis.ca]
The sooner people receive treatment, the less damage the disease may cause. It is important to remember that this is an unpredictable infection that can progress very rapidly, despite the best treatment. [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]
Maintenance treatment, where the member's symptoms are neither regressing or improving, is considered not medically necessary. [tarsashazi-halozat.hu]
Patients with meningococcal disease need urgent treatment with intravenous antibiotics. If the rash appears, in conjunction with other symptoms such as a high fever, call an ambulance for urgent treatment. [meningococcal.org.au]
Prognosis
With prompt treatment, the prognosis is excellent. [en.wikipedia.org]
Bacterial causes The outlook (prognosis) often depends on how soon antibiotics are given after the illness starts. Most people make a good recovery if treated early enough. Without treatment, most people will die. [patient.info]
View Article PubMed Google Scholar Burman LA, Norrby R, Trollfors B: Invasive pneumococcal infections: incidence, predisposing factors, and prognosis. Rev Infect Dis. 1985, 7 (2): 133-142. 10.1093/clinids/7.2.133. [bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com]
Epidemiology
Abstract An epidemiological study was carried out to determine meningococcal carrier state amongst recruits of a military training centre. 360 recruits with divergent socioeconomic, ethnic backgrounds were studied. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Descriptive Epidemiology 587 Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 7 Pathogenesis and Immunity 590 Patterns of Host Response 591 Control and Prevention 592 References 593 Suggested Reading 595 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Theodore E Woodward and J Stephen [books.google.de]
Bookcover of Epidemiology of meningococcal carrier state amongst recruits Booktitle: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (2017-04-06 ) eligible for voucher ISBN-13: 978-3-330-06713-4 ISBN-10: 3330067136 EAN: 9783330067134 Book language: English Blurb/Shorttext [morebooks.de]
Conducted under the sponsorship of the Commission on Acute Respiratory Diseases of the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board and supported by the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command, Department of the Army, under a research contract [nejm.org]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology, treatment and outcome of meningococcemia: a review and recent experience. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996;15(11):967-978. 15. Pollard AJ, Levin M. Vaccines for prevention of meningococcal disease. [scielosp.org]
"Pathophysiology, treatment and outcome of meningococcemia: a review and recent experience". Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 15 (11): 967–78, quiz 979. doi : 10.1097/00006454-199611000-00009. PMID 8933544. ^ a b Ross SC, Densen P; Densen (September 1984). [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis. Clin Microbiol Rev 6, 118 –136. [Google Scholar] 120. Tyski, S., Grzybowska, W., Dulny, G., Berthelsen, L. & Lind, I. ( 2001 ;). [jmm.microbiologyresearch.org]
Prevention
Descriptive Epidemiology 587 Mechanisms and Routes of Transmission 7 Pathogenesis and Immunity 590 Patterns of Host Response 591 Control and Prevention 592 References 593 Suggested Reading 595 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Theodore E Woodward and J Stephen [books.google.de]
Center. ‡ Professor of preventive medicine and chairman, Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical Center. [nejm.org]
Immunoprophylaxis Vaccination is used for close contacts of patients with meningococcal disease due to A, C, Y, or W135 serogroups, to prevent secondary cases. [17] Current meningococcal vaccines are indicated for active immunization to prevent invasive [emedicine.medscape.com]
With no parents to keep an eye on them, meningitis can be missed Preventing meningitis Vaccines are the only way to prevent serious diseases like meningitis. [meningitisnow.org]
Conjugate vaccines are used in prevention (into routine immunization schedules and preventive campaigns) and outbreak response: They confer longer-lasting immunity (5 years and more), prevent carriage and induce herd immunity. [who.int]