These metabolic derangements present significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is commonly recognized as the primary clinical outcome, although other outcomes are possible. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Weight Gain

  Olanzapine (Zyprexa) - weight gain, hyperglycemia Sodium valproate and valproic acid (Depakote) - weight gain Clozapine (clozaril) - weight gain, hyperglycemia Quetiapine (Seroquel) - weight gain, hyperglycemia Risperidone (Risperdal) - weight gain, hyperglycemia [verywellhealth.com]

  In addition to weight gain, higher consumption of SSBs is associated with development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  SSBs are thought to lead to weight gain by virtue of their high sugar content and incomplete compensation for total energy at subsequent meals after intake of liquid calories ( 7 ). [doi.org]

• Coronary Atherosclerosis

  The notion that people can be "fat but fit" is being challenged by a study showing a high prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in obese subjects with no evidence of metabolic syndrome. [medpagetoday.com]

  The metabolic syndrome, its component risk factors, and progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Archives of Internal Medicine 170, 478 – 484. Begg, CB, Mazumdar, M ( 1994 ). Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. [doi.org]

  Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) and the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCAPS/TexCAPS). [care.diabetesjournals.org]

• Family History of Alzheimer Disease

  In this case study, a 38 year old male with metabolic syndrome (MetS), the APOE4 gene, early stage memory problems and a family history of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) was placed on a ketogenic diet combined with high intensity interval training (HIIT) for [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Dysostosis

  Acrodysostosis is an extremely rare disorder characterized by short stature and peripheral dysostosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Renal Artery Stenosis

  His medical history included previous smoking, prior hip replacements with prolonged osteomyelitis, and left renal artery stenosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• High Arched Palate

  The patients, aged 14 and 16 years, had truncal obesity, mild mental retardation, hypotonia, narrow hands and feet, a high-arched palate, prominent upper central incisors, a high nasal bridge, and ocular abnormalities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Narrow Hands

  The patients, aged 14 and 16 years, had truncal obesity, mild mental retardation, hypotonia, narrow hands and feet, a high-arched palate, prominent upper central incisors, a high nasal bridge, and ocular abnormalities. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Brachydactyly

  Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetic autosomal-recessive disease (formerly grouped with Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome but considered today as a separate entity) characterized by abdominal obesity, mental retardation, dysphormic extremities (syndactyly, brachydactyly [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Xanthelasma

  […] shortness of breath: Suggesting the rise of cardiovascular and other complications Acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism, peripheral neuropathy, and retinopathy: In patients with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia or with diabetes mellitus Xanthomas or xanthelasmas [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Hyperhidrosis

  Skin infections Candida albicans Tinea infections Erythrasma Folliculitis, furunculosis Altered collagen structure and function Impaired wound healing Sweating Hyperhidrosis Bromhidrosis Intertrigo Polycystic ovary syndrome Acne Hirsutism Androgenetic [dermnetnz.org]

(See Prognosis, Workup, Treatment, and Medication .) [emedicine.medscape.com]

Furthermore, advanced cardiovascular indicators such as lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, and C reactive protein (an indicator of endothelial inflammatory response) should be part of the routine workup of anyone suspected of Metabolic Syndrome. [drlam.com]

• Glucose Increased

  This means you have type 2 diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, or impaired glucose tolerance. The impaired glucose tolerance test measures the body's response to sugar. [urmc.rochester.edu]

• Nodular Glomerulosclerosis

  A renal biopsy showed evidence of nodular glomerulosclerosis. Physical examination, renal biopsy, and urine and blood analyses including an oral glucose tolerance test. Nodular glomerulosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

To investigate the link between insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome how to develop treatment approaches. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] tool=bestpractice.com [2] National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). [bestpractice.bmj.com]

ALMS may have an adverse prognosis and is often underdiagnosed. Its mild form, which allows a long survival, may also be associated with the late complications of the metabolic syndrome, leading to increased vascular risk. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Long Term Prognosis Long term prognosis is good, if the syndrome is treated. [liversupport.com]

Therefore, the pathogenic etiology may be akin to aspects of the metabolic syndrome via microvascular injury and neoangiogenesis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Applicable To Dysmetabolic syndrome X Use Additional Use Additional Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

Based on these considerations the possibility is raised that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia are involved in the etiology and clinical course of three major related diseases— NIDDM, hypertension, and CAD. [diabetes.diabetesjournals.org]

Copyright information: Copyright 2007 Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Linked Articles In this issue Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2007; 61 657-657 Published Online First: 13 Jul 2007. [jech.bmj.com]

Pratley From the Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Phoenix, AZ Search for other works by this author on: Clifton Bogardus From the Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research [aje.oxfordjournals.org]

This review provides summary of literature related to the syndrome's definition, epidemiology, underlying pathogenesis, and treatment approaches of each of the risk factors comprising metabolic syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

We present 3 cases of extreme syndromic insulin resistance: lipodystrophy, autoantibodies to the insulin receptor, and mutations in the insulin receptor gene, with accompanying discussion of pathophysiology and treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Over the last couple of decades, studies exploring these diseases have uncovered some of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms involved, resulting in the identification of a plethora of interconnected physiological, pathophysiological, biochemical [newswise.com]

Author information 1 Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Metformin treatment was about half as potent as lifestyle change for type 2 diabetes prevention and even less effective for metabolic syndrome prevention. [doi.org]