It may be underdiagnosed, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of transplant recipients presenting with opportunistic infections. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In healthy hosts, including elderly hosts, the usual presentation is self-limited diarrhea. Asymptomatic infection has been reported in children. [visualdx.com]

• Exposure to Contaminated Water

  No relevant history pertaining to exposure of contaminated water, swimming or history of trauma could be elicited. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Chronic Diarrhea

  A patient with AIDS and chronic diarrhea caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi was successfully treated with nitazoxanide, producing a complete clinical and parasitological response, while off of antiviral therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  DISCUSSION Most described cases of human microsporidiosis were in patients with AIDS and characterized by chronic diarrhea. [scielo.br]

  For immunocompromised hosts, the common symptoms from the infection are chronic diarrhea and malabsorption. Both cholangitis and cholecystitis have also been reported in this group of patients when infected with E. bieneusi. [visualdx.com]

  Symptoms vary but include chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, and eye inflammation. Doctors diagnose the infection by identifying microsporidia in a sample of the infected tissue or in stool, urine, or other body fluids. [merckmanuals.com]

Standard microbiological workup was performed in all the cases. We studied the demographics, predisposing conditions, antecedent treatment received before presentation, clinical characteristics, treatment offered, and resolution time with sequel. [ijpmonline.org]

Conteas CN, Didier ES, Berlin OGW: Workup of gastointestinal microsporidiosis. Dig Dis. 1997, 15: 330-45. 14. Kumar SS, Ananthan S, Saravanan P: Role of coccidian parasites in causation of diarrhoea in HIV infected patients in Chennai. [bmcclinpathol.biomedcentral.com]

The mixture was kept at 20 C for 18 h; further workup was by previously published procedures ( 32 ). Octamines SL-11157 and SL-11158 were thus obtained (as their hydrochlorides) in 89% yields. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Bilateral Pulmonary Opacities

  A chest X-ray showed multiple bilateral pulmonary opacities and mediastinal lymph-node enlargement. Stained smears of bronchoalveolar lavage sediment showed oval structures consistent with microsporidian spores. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

No patient was lost to follow-up, and none prematurely stopped the study treatment. [content.nejm.org]

Further work is necessary to fully establish proper therapeutic protocols and manage side effects of the treatments. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis The prognosis may be severe in immunodeficient patients. The documents contained in this web site are presented for information purposes only. [orpha.net]

IMAGES Microsporidiosis See pictures of Bacterial Skin Conditions See Images What is the prognosis of microsporidiosis? In general, the prognosis of microsporidiosis in healthy individuals with a normal immune system is good. [medicinenet.com]

The etiologic microsporidian was found to be E hellem by using antemortem biochemical and antigenic analyses. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Microsporidia are unicellular eukaryotic parasites without mitochondria and are responsible for opportunistic infections. Microsporidia are strictly intracellular parasites. [orpha.net]

Septata intestinalis ) are etiology of majority of infections. [hopkinsguides.com]

Inflammatory bowel disease: etiology, pathogenesis and current therapy. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014 ; 20 ( 7 ): 1082 – 1096. 8. Corridoni, D, Arseneau, KO, Cominelli, F. Inflammatory bowel disease. [cambridge.org]

This article reviews the basic biology and epidemiology of microsporidiosis in mammals. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Further topics discussed include the epidemiology and strain variation of Cryptosporidium parvum, the epidemiology and zoonotic aspects of microsporidia, and gene discovery in Cryptosporidium. [karger.com]

It focuses on gastrointestinal infection and nonocular manifestations of infection and provides a brief overview of epidemiology, immunology and laboratory diagnosis as it directly relates to human infections. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

Pathophysiology Life Cycle The infective form of microsporidia is the resistant spore and it can survive for an extended period of time in the environment. [1] The spores enter the body via ingestion or inhalation. [wikidoc.org]

Physiology and pathophysiology of apoptosis in epithelial cells of the liver, pancreas and intestine. American Journal of Physiology 273, G1174 – G1188. Keohane, E. M. and Weiss, L. M. ( 1999 ). [cambridge.org]

Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test Microsporidia are highly specialized fungi that cause a wide variety of clinical syndromes in humans. [mayocliniclabs.com]

Pathophysiology Humans acquire microsporidiosis through ingestion or inhalation of microsporidia spores. [emedicine.com]

Benedict: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS D64, Atlanta, GA 30333. Dr. Kuehnert: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS A07, Atlanta, GA 30333. [annals.org]

Lack of either sufficiently suggestive or definitive human studies prevents the endorsement of these modes of therapy for treatment of gastrointestinal microsporidiosis at this time. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-infected Adults and Adolescents. [idsociety.org]

Because of the possibility of sexual transmission, safe sexual practices are an important preventive step. At this time, there is no vaccine available to prevent microsporidiosis. [medicinenet.com]