We present a case in which these two complications resulted in significant dysphagia and aspiration, which improved with expectant management. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Unilateral Ptosis

  This report describes the rare case of a 27-year-old female patient with conversion disorder who presented unilateral ptosis with ipsilateral muscle spasm of orbicular oculi. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Muscle Twitch

  Possible Muscle Twitching Treatment Although muscle twitching is not always avoidable, you can still put in your effort to cut down the risk. [myfitfuel.in]

  "What You Need to Know About Muscle Twitching." Healthline. Accessed March 31, 2019. . [nativeremedies.com]

  Published on Apr 30, 2015 A 70-year-old man who presented with a 2-month history of muscle twitching and spasms received the diagnosis of neuromyotonia. See the NEJM article, Paraneoplastic Neuromyotonia: ... [youtube.com]

  A muscle spasm is different than a muscle twitch. A muscle twitch, or fasciculation, is an uncontrolled fine movement of a small segment of a larger muscle that can be seen under the skin. [rxlist.com]

• Myopathy

  ) muscular dystrophies and myopathies ( G71 - G72 ) myopathy in amyloidosis ( E85.- ) myopathy in polyarteritis nodosa ( M30.0 ) myopathy in rheumatoid arthritis ( M05.32 ) myopathy in scleroderma ( M34.- ) myopathy in Sjögren's syndrome ( M35.03 ) [icd10data.com]

  However, muscle twitching may also be associated with neurologic disorders such as muscular dystrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and myopathy (a primary muscle illness). [medicalmarijuana.com]

  Nervous system conditions that can cause muscle twitching include: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), also sometimes called Lou Gehrig disease Neuropathy or damage to the nerve that leads to a muscle Spinal muscular atrophy Weak muscles (myopathy) [medlineplus.gov]

  Causes of generalised muscle pain - eg, polymyositis, toxoplasmosis, alcohol-related myopathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, Parkinsonism, fibromyalgia. Investigations Usually no investigation is indicated. [patient.info]

• Urinary Urgency

  Abstract Women with urinary urgency and frequency may also have pelvic floor muscle spasm. Transvaginal biofeedback (TVBF) and electrical stimulation (EStim) is a treatment modality that has been used to treat vaginismus and chronic pelvic pain. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Thalamic Pain

  There were 29 patients with nocturnal leg cramps, 28 with cervical spondylosis, 13 with thalamic pain and 11 with carpal tunnel syndrome, for which the effectiveness was assessed as 86.2%, 60.7%, 45.5% and 72.8%, respectively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

All treatments were well tolerated. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is not intended to provide instruction and you should not rely on this information to determine diagnosis, prognosis or a course of treatment. It should not be used in place of a professional consultation with a doctor. [dystonia.org.uk]

Prognosis Most people recover full function following a course of conservative care that includes physical therapy, medication and/or injections. [twinboro.com]

This content is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for formal and individualized diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prescription, and/or dietary advice from a licensed medical professional. [healdove.com]

Background & Etiology The spine is composed of three main sections: the cervical (neck) thoracic (middle back) and lumbar (low back). [twinboro.com]

He goes on to write: "Scientific evidence for the 'altered neuromuscular control' hypothesis is based on evidence from research studies in human models of muscle cramping, epidemiological studies in cramping athletes, and animal experimental data. [sportsmedicine.about.com]

[…] status are not associated with exercise associated muscle cramping (EAMC) in distance runners M P Schwellnus 1, J Nicol 1, R Laubscher 2, T D Noakes 3 1 UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Newlands, South Africa 2 Centre for Epidemiological [bjsm.bmj.com]

Ebers, G.C. (1993) Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: a critical overview. Canadian journal of neurological sciences. [scindeks.ceon.rs]

Epidemiology Groups at increased risk: Up to 60% of adults report that they have had nocturnal leg cramps. [ 1 ] The problem is often distressing, impacting on sleep, and has an adverse effect on quality of life. [patient.info]

Neuromuscular Control and Cramps While all these theories are being studied, researchers are finding more evidence that the "altered neuromuscular control" hypothesis is the principal pathophysiological mechanism the leads to exercise-associated muscle [sportsmedicine.about.com]

Such a commonly held concept ought to have a clear and concise pathophysiologic basis, easily understood and agreed on by all. [jamanetwork.com]

In addition, the “electrolyte depletion” and “dehydration” hypotheses do not offer plausible pathophysiological mechanisms with supporting scientific evidence that could adequately explain the clinical presentation and management of EAMC. [bjsm.bmj.com]

Patients with neurologic symptoms are approached in a stepwise manner termed the neurologic method, which consists of the following: Identifying the anatomic location of the lesion or lesions causing symptoms Identifying the pathophysiology involved Generating [merckmanuals.com]

Reindl, M. (2007) Multiple sclerosis: Disease biomarkers as indicated by pathophysiology. [scindeks.ceon.rs]

Prevention IS better than cure. 1. General health and fitness One of the most useful things you can do to help prevent muscle cramps and spasms is to work on improving your overall general health and fitness. [stretchcoach.com]

Low levels of any of these minerals can allow the muscle to contract, but prevent it from relaxing. [eletewater.co.uk]

How can I prevent muscle spasms? Balance is power when it comes to prevention. "Training each muscle group evenly is important, so biceps and triceps, and hip flexors and extensors should get equal amounts of love," says Meyers. [fitnessmagazine.com]

CONCLUSIONS: Early, active management of acute low-back symptoms during the initial onset may lead to better patient outcomes, reducing related pain and disability and, possibly, preventing progression to chronicity. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]