Presentation
It is also not present among any of the 295 patients with FKTN sequence variants described in the Leiden database. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Cardiac disease may be present in up to 33%. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Only the first and second heart sounds were present. The lung fields were clear and the liver was not palpable. [chs-journal.com]
An algorithm has been presented to help the clinical evaluation [Algorithm 1]. [annalsofian.org]
Reaching a diagnosis involves combining information from the clinical presentation and various investigations, mainly serum creatine kinase (CK), muscle biopsy and genetic testing. [patient.info]
Entire Body System
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Fishing
First, an electric skillet is intended to cook daily foodstuffs such as omelets, chicken, soup, meat, grilled cheese sandwiches, and fish fry. There is one thing you should know about electric skillets. [musclegenetable.org]
Musculoskeletal
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Proximal Muscle Weakness
LGMD 2A (calpain 3) Childhood (8-15) There is mainly proximal muscle weakness. There is slow progression. Muscle atrophy is prominent (notable sparing of the hip abductors). Contractures are common. [patient.info]
His immediate younger sister has similarly complaints of proximal muscle weakness and an abnormal gait but no cardiac symptoms. Both parents and the other four siblings are not affected. [chs-journal.com]
Defects in FKTN are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1X (CMD1X); also called dilated cardiomyopathy with mild or no proximal muscle weakness. [mybiosource.com]
Nalini et al. [78] identified two such patients who had lower-limb proximal muscle weakness with foot drop, severe wasting of tibialis anterior. [annalsofian.org]
History Autosomal recessive LGMD All patients have a history of progressive, proximal muscle weakness. Described below are the major distinguishing characteristics. [emedicine.medscape.com]
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Lordosis
Affected individuals may also have an abnormally curved lower back (lordosis) or a spine that curves to the side (scoliosis). Some develop joint stiffness (contractures) that can restrict movement in their hips, knees, ankles, or elbows. [lgmd-info.org]
Mild lumbar lordosis has been documented in the elder of our two patients, but not in the siblings described by Godfrey et al. One of these children, however, was reportedly born with congenital dislocation of the hip. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Affected individuals may also have an abnormally curved lower back ( lordosis ) or a spine that curves to the side ( scoliosis ). Some develop joint stiffness (contractures) that can restrict movement in their hips, knees, ankles, or elbows. [ghr.nlm.nih.gov]
Children walk with waddle and exhibit lordosis. Cardiac involvement is known but not as common or prominent as in dystrophinopathies. [annalsofian.org]
Neurologic
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Gowers Sign
sign 0003391 Increased variability in muscle fiber diameter 0003557 Myopathic facies 0002058 Myopathy Muscle tissue disease 0003198 Pelvic girdle muscle weakness 0003749 Waddling gait 'Waddling' gait Waddling walk [ more ] 0002515 5%-29% of people have [rarediseases.info.nih.gov]
Is there a finding (or history) of Gower's sign? This is seen in patients with proximal muscle weakness of the lower limb: when rising to stand, they use the hands as support, such that the hands 'climb up the legs'. [patient.info]
Workup
Initial workup was remarkable for an elevated CK of 3110 IU/L. ALT and AST were slightly increased at 96 U/L (nl 9–80 U/L) and 77 U/L (nl 1–55 U/L), respectively. An acylcarnitine profile, carnitine levels and urine organic acids were normal. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
Coverage of new, emerging, or controversial topics includes developmental encephalopathies, non-verbal learning disorders, and the pharmacological and future genetic treatment of neurodevelopmental disabilities. [books.google.de]
More detailed information about the symptoms, causes, and treatments of Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E is available below. [checkorphan.org]
Treatment: No known treatment is available. Prognosis: An active lifestyle is not possible in this disease much beyond the first decade. [wohproject.org]
There is no cure or specific treatment for this disorder. [natera.com]
Prognosis
Prognosis - Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy- type 2E Leg cramps at night a classic sign: The symptom of having leg muscle cramps, particularly at night, is a classic sign of undiagnosed diabetes. However, there are also various other causes. [checkorphan.org]
Prognosis: An active lifestyle is not possible in this disease much beyond the first decade. Life expectancy with good supportive care is good, however, since many individuals live to adulthood and one patient lived into the seventh decade. [wohproject.org]
Chronic pain can occur, and pain management should be part of care. [ 19 ] Prognosis This depends on the type of LGMD and whether there is cardiac or respiratory involvement. In general, all types of LGMD progress with time. [patient.info]
Genetic counselling provides information on the inheritance pattern, risks to other family members, and the ‘prognosis’ (likely outcome of the disorder). [mda.org.au]
Etiology
Dvořáčková Pavla Solařová Lenka Fajkusová Open Access Research article First Online: 19 August 2014 2.6k Downloads 9 Citations Abstract Background Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD2) include a number of disorders with heterogeneous etiology [link.springer.com]
Etiology of limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1D/1E determined by laser capture microdissection proteomics. Ann Neurol. 2012 Jan. 71(1):141-5. [Medline]. Sarparanta J, Jonson PH, Golzio C, Sandell S, Luque H, Screen M. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Epidemiology
Walker-Warburg syndrome Proximal myotonic myopathy Synonym(s): - LGMD2M Classification (Orphanet): - Inborn errors of metabolism - Rare cardiac disease - Rare genetic disease - Rare neurologic disease Classification (ICD10): - Diseases of the nervous system - Epidemiological [csbg.cnb.csic.es]
Relevant External Links for FKTN Genetic Association Database (GAD) FKTN Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator FKTN Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology: FKTN No data available for Genatlas for FKTN Gene Congenital muscular [genecards.org]
Other proteins involved include dystroglycan, fukutin-related protein, calpain, dysferlin and telethonin. [ 5 ] Epidemiology [ 2 ] The LGMDs individually are rare, with some forms reported in only a few families. [patient.info]
Pathophysiology
Multiple functions are described, but the pathophysiologic basis for LGMD1B is unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prevention
Heavy gauge stuff with a solid base Pans and pots need to be heavy enough to transfer heat evenly and prevent foods from scorching. Cast iron transfers heat well. [musclegenetable.org]
Causes - Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy- type 2E * Leg disorders * Hip disorders * Knee disorders * Brain disorders * Balance disorders - see causes of balance disorders Inner ear infection Vitamin B12 deficiency * Vision disorders * Nerve disorders Prevention [checkorphan.org]
A physiotherapist can recommend stretches to keep joints supple and if necessary special splints (orthoses) to prevent muscle shortening (contractures) which are common in some types of LGMD. [mda.org.au]
Management [ 2 ] There is no specific therapy for LGMD. [ 14 ] Nondrug treatment Physiotherapy to prevent contractures, using passive stretching, exercise therapy, orthoses. [ 15 ] Exercise - the role of exercise in LGMD is controversial, but guidelines [patient.info]
Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (VLCAD Deficiency) is an autosomal recessive disorder that prevents the body from breaking down certain fats to energy, particularly during periods of fasting, illness, or exercise. [natera.com]