Presentation
We report the case of a 12-year-old patient who presented with acute onset of orofacial tics, motor restlessness, compulsive behavior, and cerebellar symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid examination demonstrated lymphocytic meningitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The available literature regarding this subject is also presented. [content.iospress.com]
An 11-year-old boy presented with a new onset seizure. [neurology.org]
Presentation The clinical hallmark of acute encephalitis is the triad of fever, headache and altered mental status. [ 6 ] Most patients with viral encephalitis present with the symptoms of meningitis (fever, headache, neck stiffness, vomiting) followed [patient.info]
Psychiatrical
- Visual Hallucination
The clinical manifestations included fever (94%), altered consciousness (65%), seizure (41%), personality or behavior changes (29%), meningeal sign (24%), visual hallucination (24%), ataxia (12%), Guillain-Barré syndrome (6%), blurred vision (6%), and [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
Workup should include a thorough history and physical exam to determine if the clinical course could be consistent with AE. [aealliance.org]
The routine diagnostic workup of M. pneumoniae encephalitis should therefore aim for the detection of M. pneumoniae antibodies in both CSF and serum, in addition to M. pneumoniae PCR in CSF. [journals.plos.org]
Treatment
Treatment with corticosteroids has been proposed for this illness, but experience with this therapy is limited to case reports and small series; neither efficacy nor appropriate courses of treatment are well established. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Control 163 5 Vaccines 164 6 Political Issues 165 7 Ethics 166 References 167 RSV and Influenza Treatment and Prevention 169 14 Surfactant 170 17 Antiviral Treatment 171 22 Amantadine 172 25 Cold Adapted Influenza Vaccine CAIV 173 References 174 EncephalitisBeyond [books.google.de]
Treatments for encephalitis Encephalitis needs to be treated in a hospital. The earlier treatment is started, the more successful it's likely to be. [nhs.uk]
Prognosis
Prognosis Encephalitis causes high rates of illness and death. [ 1 ] The prognosis depends on the age of the patient and the underlying aetiology. [patient.info]
FLAIR : hyperintense DWI : hyperintense ADC: hypointense T1 C+ (Gd) : linear cranial nerve enhancement ring enhancement (abscess) heterogeneous if extensive inflammation MR spectroscopy : allows differentiation between abscess from tumor Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]
In addition, even experienced physicians often are uncertain about the cause, appropriate therapy, and prognosis. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]
[…] autoimmune, certain medication, unknown [2] Diagnostic method Based on symptoms, supported by blood tests, medical imaging, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid [2] Treatment Antiviral medication, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, artificial respiration [1] Prognosis [en.wikipedia.org]
Etiology
Abstract Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important etiologic agent of acute childhood encephalitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
A thorough and accurate review is difficult because the syndrome is complex and the number of etiologic agents and mimics of encephalitis are vast. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]
Epidemiology
153 7 Conclusion 154 Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Epidemiology and Treatment 155 13 Maternal Age 156 2 Therapeutic Interventions 157 3 Summary 158 References 159 Global Control of Rotavirus Disease 161 3 Epidemiology 162 4 Approaches to Disease [books.google.de]
Epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in the British Isles, 1974—9. J Infect 1980; 2:191-194. Ramirez JA, Ahkee S, Tolentino A, Miller RD, Summersgill JT. [lci.rivm.nl]
Epidemiology Annual summary of respiratory Mycoplasma pneumoniae laboratory surveillance data England and Wales 2018 ( PDF, 467KB, 10 pages ) Laboratory reports of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection made to CIDSC from PHE and NHS laboratories in England [gov.uk]
(Offers an excellent overview of the current knowledge of epidemiology and treatment in children.) Atkinson, TP, Balish, MF, Waites, KB. “Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and laboratory detection of infections”. [clinicaladvisor.com]
"Epidemiology and outcomes of acute encephalitis". Current Opinion in Neurology. 28 (3): 277–82. doi : 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000199. PMID 25887770. ^ Jmor F, Emsley HC, et al. (October 2008). [en.wikipedia.org]
Pathophysiology
^ "Encephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology". 2018-08-07. Archived from the original on 2015-08-03. ^ Larner, A. J. (2013-05-02). Neuropsychological Neurology: The Neurocognitive Impairments of Neurological Disorders. [en.wikipedia.org]
Prevention
221 3 Vaccine Formulation 222 4 Immunological Memory 224 5 Carriage 225 7 Immunologies Issues in PracticeThe UK Experience 226 8 Conclusion 228 Strategies for Preventing Group B Streptococcal Disease 231 3 Tackling GBS Disease 232 4 Treatment or Prevention [books.google.de]
Prevention Exclusion from childcare, preschool, school or work is not necessary no vaccine is currently available cover a cough or sneeze with a tissue or your arm, not with your hand. [sahealth.sa.gov.au]
Preventing encephalitis It's not always possible to prevent encephalitis, but some of the infections that cause it can be prevented with vaccinations. [nhs.uk]
Prevention Vaccine is not available at the moment. [chp.gov.hk]