A 17-yr-old Hispanic female presented for evaluation of bilateral lower-extremity hypertrophy and muscle twitching. The patient’s symptoms began approximately 5 yrs before presentation, with muscle twitching and cramps. [journals.lww.com]

Muscle stiffness was a complaint in five; pain was the chief presenting complaint of 19, which started in the calf in all. Irritability, insomnia and a peculiar worried pinched face were present in 12 patients. [neurologyindia.com]

Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability Disorders Disorder Symptoms and Clinical Evaluation Findings Isaacs syndrome Muscle cramps, fasciculations, myokymia, pseudomyotonia, and hyperhidrosis 14 Morvan syndrome Similar physical presentation to Isaacs syndrome [jaoa.org]

Cases Journal 2009 2 :7952 https://doi.org/10.4076/1757-1626-2-7952 © licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2009 Received: 25 May 2009 Accepted: 20 July 2009 Published: 8 September 2009 Abstract We present a 37-year-old male subject who presented with burning [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

• Muscle Twitch

  Clinical neuromyotonia is a syndrome of persistent muscle stiffness, delayed muscle relaxation, and continuous muscle twitching due to abnormal electrical discharges of motor nerves. [medlink.com]

  A 17-yr-old Hispanic female presented for evaluation of bilateral lower-extremity hypertrophy and muscle twitching. The patient’s symptoms began approximately 5 yrs before presentation, with muscle twitching and cramps. [journals.lww.com]

  The sine qua non is myokymia—continuous muscle twitching described as bag-of-worms movements. [merckmanuals.com]

  The commonest feature is muscle twitching which is present in over 90% of cases; facial twitching is seen in a quarter of cases [ 1 ]. Our patient had both limb and facial involvement. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

• Carpopedal Spasm

  Other symptoms include fasciculations, carpopedal spasms, intermittent cramps, increased sweating, and pseudomyotonia (impaired relaxation after a strong muscle contraction but without the typical waxing-and-waning electromyography [EMG] abnormality of [merckmanuals.com]

Careful examination with prolonged eccentric gaze should be performed to achieve a correct diagnosis and avoid an extensive unnecessary workup. PMC Free PDF PMC Free Full Text FREE Publisher Full Text New Search Next [unboundmedicine.com]

Translation into Practice and Clinical Pearls: A diagnostic workup should be considered even in patients who are taking medications with known myotonic potential as drugs can unmask an underlying disease. 5 Presence of cataracts at a young age should [now.aapmr.org]

• Atelectasis

  […] cases with methylphenidate, as recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine for patients with DM1. 20 DM1: Special precautions are needed during anesthesia given the prevalence of cardiopulmonary involvement especially the increased risk for atelectasis [now.aapmr.org]

• Staphylococcus Aureus

  There have been case reports of neuromyotonia following Staphylococcus aureus spinal epidural abscess with septicaemia [ 3, 4 ], and there is also a report of ocular neuromyotonia following cavernous sinus thrombosis due to mucormycosis [ 5 ]. [casesjournal.biomedcentral.com]

• Muscle Biopsy Abnormal

  Muscle biopsy abnormalities are more common in dystrophic myopathies compared to more variable findings in nondystrophic myotonia, including normal, myopathic or hypertrophied muscles. [now.aapmr.org]

There is no cure or specific treatment for this disorder. However, treatments for some of the symptoms are available. [autoimmunesociety.org]

In this update, the author offers a clinical and electromyographic guide to the diagnosis and treatment of these intriguing syndromes. [medlink.com]

However, in recent years increased understanding of the basic mechanisms of NMT and autoimmunity has led to the development of novel treatment strategies. NMT disorders are now amenable to treatment and their prognoses are good. [en.wikipedia.org]

REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENTS Available or current treatment guidelines Multidisciplinary treatment with education, genetic counseling and symptom modification with physical therapy as well as close monitoring and treatment of systemic features [now.aapmr.org]

The acquired form occasionally develops in association with peripheral neuropathies or after radiation treatment, but more often is caused by an autoimmune condition. [ninds.nih.gov]

Prognosis There is no cure for Isaacs' syndrome. The long-term prognosis for individuals with the disorder is uncertain. x Prognosis There is no cure for Isaacs' syndrome. The long-term prognosis for individuals with the disorder is uncertain. [ninds.nih.gov]

What is the prognosis? There is no cure for Isaac's syndrome. The long-term prognosis for individuals with the disorder is uncertain. [medic8.com]

Prognosis [ edit ] The long-term prognosis is uncertain, and has mostly to do with the underlying cause; i.e. autoimmune, paraneoplastic, etc. [en.wikipedia.org]

Little research is being done on this disease, so the long-term prognosis for individuals with the disorder is uncertain. Visit Forum [autoimmunesociety.org]

Prognosis depends on prophylactic treatment. •Yoga and meditation helps a lot to relax •Regular but slow exercise. •Proper diet. •Hold/support while walking. [drthindhomeopathy.com]

The prognosis is solely dependent upon the underlying etiologies. Myokymia is considered benign when detected in patients after strenuous exercise. Prognosis Prognosis is related directly to the underlying etiology. [emedicine.medscape.com]

It contains detailed illustrations of each nerve along with a discussion of its anatomy, followed by a thorough outline of the clinical conditions and entrapment syndromes that affect the nerve, including a list of the etiologies, clinical features, and [books.google.es]

The overlap between various syndromes and etiologies can be confusing. [now.aapmr.org]

Clinical evidence suggesting a possible autoimmune etiology included the presence of oligoclonal bands in the spinal fluid of some patients and clinical improvement following plasma exchange (13). [ispub.com]

Asthma: Epidemiology, etiology and risk factors. CMAJ. 2009; 181(9):E181-E190. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.080612 [ Links ] 3. British Thoracic Society, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. [scielo.org.mx]

ISAAC, The I nternational S tudy of A sthma and A llergies in C hildhood, is a unique worldwide epidemiological research programme established in 1991 to investigate asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children due to considerable concern that these conditions [isaac.auckland.ac.nz]

Asthma: Epidemiology, etiology and risk factors. CMAJ. 2009; 181(9):E181-E190. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.080612 [ Links ] 3. British Thoracic Society, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. [scielo.org.mx]

Epidemiology Frequency Although myokymia can be seen in patients with different neurological and medical conditions and occasionally even in healthy subjects, it is a relatively rare clinical manifestation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

K+ Channel Disorder Episodic Ataxia CA+2 Channel Disorder Primarily Electrical with variable clinical myotonia Other* Medications / Agents * Electrical Myotonia with Clinical Myotonia: Myotonic dystrophy EPIDEMIOLOGY According to the NIH, myotonic dystrophy [now.aapmr.org]

Pathophysiology The clinical phenomenon is characterized by its classic quivering movement of the involved muscle without movement of the joint. Myokymia can be seen in muscles innervated by cranial or spinal nerves. [emedicine.medscape.com]

This is a rare but preventable and treatable condition, so keep high index of suspicion to make early diagnosis so that appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures with immune modulators and membrane stabilizers can be applied. References 1. [annalsofneurosciences.org]

Prevention - Isaac's syndrome Not supplied. Diagnosis - Isaac's syndrome Electromyography (EMG) is a standard examination in which electrodes measure electrical activity in muscles. [checkorphan.org]

Standard Therapies Treatment Acquired neuromyotonia may be treated with anticonvulsant drugs such as phenytoin or carbamazepine, which may stop the abnormal impulses and prevent the symptoms from reoccurring. [rarediseases.org]

National Asthma Education and Prevention. Program Expert Panel Report 3: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma Full Report 2007. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(5 Suppl):S94-S138. [ Links ] 23. [scielo.org.mx]