Although NPC is endemic in some areas of Asia, it is uncommon in the United States and little is known about how it presents in children. [enttoday.org]

We present a case of optic neuritis as the first clinical manifestation of NPC. Case report A 55-year-old Taiwanese woman presented with pain and decreased vision in the right eye of about one week duration. [nature.com]

Clinical presentation includes epistaxis and conductive hearing loss. [radiopaedia.org]

Symptoms and Signs Nasopharyngeal cancer often presents with palpable lymph node metastases in the neck. Another common presenting symptom is hearing loss, usually caused by nasal or eustachian tube obstruction leading to a middle ear effusion. [merckmanuals.com]

Patients with this malignancy most often present with a cervical mass from metastatic spread to a lymph node. [aafp.org]

• Cervical Lymphadenopathy

  Other symptoms include ear pain, purulent bloody rhinorrhea, frank epistaxis, cranial nerve palsies, and cervical lymphadenopathy. [merckmanuals.com]

  Common symptoms are due to local invasion or lymphatic spread: Bloody post nasal drip Difficulty breathing through the nose Serous otitis media due to pharyngotympanic tube obstruction Painless cervical lymphadenopathy Cranial nerve neuropathy if involved [ozradonc.wikidot.com]

  Painless cervical lymphadenopathy because of its tendency for early lymphatic spread. Lateral retropharyngeal node of Rouviere is the first echelon node. [drtbalu.co.in]

  Indications for MR imaging were abnormal EBV serology results in 17 of 77 (22%) or symptoms in the head and neck in 60 of 77 (78%), such as cervical lymphadenopathy, epistaxis, hearing loss, tinnitus, and nasal obstruction. [ajnr.org]

  In most cases the tumor presents as a painless mass in the upper neck, with possible cervical lymphadenopathy. [jcancer.org]

• Lymphadenopathy

  Other symptoms include ear pain, purulent bloody rhinorrhea, frank epistaxis, cranial nerve palsies, and cervical lymphadenopathy. [merckmanuals.com]

  Common symptoms are due to local invasion or lymphatic spread: Bloody post nasal drip Difficulty breathing through the nose Serous otitis media due to pharyngotympanic tube obstruction Painless cervical lymphadenopathy Cranial nerve neuropathy if involved [ozradonc.wikidot.com]

  Retropharyngeal lymphadenopathy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 1997; 79: 869-877. Lam WW, Chan YL, Leung SF, Metreweli C. Retropharyngeal lymphadenopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 1997; 19: 176-181. [alliedacademies.org]

  Painless cervical lymphadenopathy because of its tendency for early lymphatic spread. Lateral retropharyngeal node of Rouviere is the first echelon node. [drtbalu.co.in]

  Indications for MR imaging were abnormal EBV serology results in 17 of 77 (22%) or symptoms in the head and neck in 60 of 77 (78%), such as cervical lymphadenopathy, epistaxis, hearing loss, tinnitus, and nasal obstruction. [ajnr.org]

• Swelling

  The fundus examination of the right eye revealed moderate disc swelling ( Figure 1 ). The Goldmann visual field demonstrated a constriction of the right visual field. [nature.com]

  THORNWALDT’S DISEASE (PHARYNGEAL BURSITISTreatment:AntibioticsMarsupialisation of cystic swelling andadequate removal of its lining membrane 20. [slideshare.net]

  Symptoms develop late, including unilateral bloody nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, hearing loss, ear pain, facial swelling, and facial numbness. Diagnosis is based on inspection and biopsy, with CT, MRI, or PET to evaluate extent. [merckmanuals.com]

  Two patients experienced mild to moderate swelling at the disease site. [jcancer.org]

  Signs and symptoms [ edit ] Swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck is the initial presentation in many people, and the diagnosis of NPC is often made by lymph node biopsy. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Fatigue

  Common adverse events included rash (25.9%), pruritus (25.9%), pain (22.2%), hypothyroidism (18.5%) and fatigue (18.5%). Grade 3 or worse drug-related adverse events occurred in eight patients (29.6%). One drug-related death occurred from sepsis. [healio.com]

  Twenty patients (74.1%) experienced drug-related AEs, most commonly rash (25.9%), pruritus (25.9%), pain (22.2%), fatigue (18.5%), and hypothyroidism (18.5%). [onclive.com]

  However, additional research is needed to determine if neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve the survival rate There can be severe side effects of chemotherapy, which includes fatigue, nausea, hair loss, anemia, elevated risk of infection, and drug-specific [dovemed.com]

  The review of systems was remarkable only for fatigue in the previous few weeks. The physical examination revealed right middle ear effusion, right hemifacial and periauricular hyperesthesia, and a trace of mucoid, bloody discharge in the nares. [aafp.org]

• Weakness

  B and C Weak HLA-G staining in TMA samples under low and high magnifications; D and E Strong HLA-G staining in TMA samples are shown under low and high magnifications; F, strong HLA-G staining in placenta tissue (positive control); G No HLA-G staining [ijbs.com]

  […] with Epstein-Barr Virus, NPC cells express only a limited pattern of EBV genes (the so-called latency II pattern) which comprises non-coding RNAs (EBERs, BARTs), the nuclear antigen EBNA1 and surface antigens LMP1 and LMP2 [ 15 ], immunogens that are weak [jcancer.org]

  Despite this very weak polymorphism of this locus, our results entirely confirm the very frequent occurrence of multistrain infections in these patients, and the presence of different EBV strains in tumor cells and lymphocytes from the same individual [thedoctorsdoctor.com]

• Hodgkin Lymphoma

  This virus is linked to other cancers including Hodgkin lymphoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, which is a type of non Hodgkin lymphoma. [cancerresearchuk.org]

  In a pilot study enrolling EBV-positive Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 5 of 6 patients with active relapsed disease showed a tumor response after infusion of autologous LMP2-specific CTL [ 51 ]. Similar studies in NPC cohorts are warranted. [jcancer.org]

• Sleep Apnea

  Apnea indices were improved in all 11 patients tested. The Apnomonitor cannot differentiate waking from sleeping during apnea, or central apnea from obstructive apnea. It simply shows the presence or absence of apnea during sleep. [jstage.jst.go.jp]

• Ulcer

  ulcerated, ulcerating, ulceration, ulcerative throat J39.2 fauces J39.2 hypopharynx J39.2 nasopharynx J39.2 pharynx J39.2 ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To J39.2 J38.1 Polyp of vocal cord and larynx J38.2 Nodules of vocal cords J38.3 Other diseases of vocal [icd10data.com]

  Tumour Features All types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma have a variety of appearances on nasendoscopy, from barely visible abnormalities to ulcerated, exophytic masses. [ozradonc.wikidot.com]

  NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA Gross appearance Proliferative Ulcerative Infiltrative Commonest site: lateral wall, fossa of Rosenmuller 35. [slideshare.net]

• Epistaxis

  JUVENILE NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA Clinical features: Age/sex: 14-19 year/male Most commonly patient presents with recurrent epistaxis or profuse epistaxis Progressive nasal obstruction Conductive hearing loss: SOM Mass in nasopharynx on examination [slideshare.net]

  Clinical presentation includes epistaxis and conductive hearing loss. [radiopaedia.org]

  Other symptoms include ear pain, purulent bloody rhinorrhea, frank epistaxis, cranial nerve palsies, and cervical lymphadenopathy. [merckmanuals.com]

  Exclusion Criteria: Presence of local recurrence Presence of neck lymph node recurrence invading vascular structure; Presence of central lung lesions involving major blood vessels; History of hemoptysis or epistaxis within 4 weeks; Preexisting uncontrolled [clinicaltrials.gov]

  Illustrative Case A 47-year-old Hmong man presented to his family physician with bloody rhinorrhea, epistaxis, right-sided hearing loss and headache of two weeks' duration. [aafp.org]

• Irritability

  Your nose may feel irritated or bleed a little bit after the procedure. A low-cost humidifier may ease these symptoms. Your doctor should have the test results in a day or two. [healthline.com]

  […] nasopharynx Lesion of oropharynx Mass of nasopharynx Narrow pharyngeal airway Nasopharyngeal edema Nasopharyngeal lesion Nasopharyngeal mass Oropharyngeal lesion Pharyngeal disease Pharyngeal edema Pharyngeal spasm Spasm of the cricopharyngeus muscle Throat irritation [icd10data.com]

  CHRONIC NASOPHARYNGITIS Clinical features: postnasal discharge with irritation at the back ofthe nose is most common complaintPatient will have consistent desire to clear throatby hawking or inspiratory snortingExamination of nasopharynx reveals congestedmucosa [slideshare.net]

• Polyps

  These conditions include a chronic blocked and runny nose (rhinitis), middle ear infections (otitis media) and polyps. [cancerresearchuk.org]

  […] nasopharynx J39.2 hypopharynx J39.2 pharynx J39.2 Tornwaldt's cyst or disease J39.2 Ulcer, ulcerated, ulcerating, ulceration, ulcerative throat J39.2 fauces J39.2 hypopharynx J39.2 nasopharynx J39.2 pharynx J39.2 ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To J39.2 J38.1 Polyp [icd10data.com]

  JUVENILE NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA Differential diagnosis (diagnosis is rarely doubtful) Antro - choanal polyps Large adenoid Chondromas 27. [slideshare.net]

Further chapters then explore surgical treatment, follow-up, treatment of metastatic disease, treatment-related complications, and nasopharyngeal cancer in children. [books.google.de]

Recurring tumors have worse prognosis compared to tumors that do not recur Response to treatment: Tumors that respond to treatment have better prognosis than tumors that do not respond to treatment Almost all individuals diagnosed and treated for stage [dovemed.com]

After Treatment Get information about how to live well after nasopharyngeal cancer treatment and make decisions about next steps. [cancer.org]

Summary of the Treatment Patients will be treated in 1 of 2 ways depending on the stage of the disease: Treatment Group 1: Patients with early stages of disease will get radiation therapy only. [childrensoncologygroup.org]

Clinical presentation, prior treatment, histological type and grade, clinical stage, details of surgical treatment, and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy were studied. [thedoctorsdoctor.com]

[…] have better prognosis compared to those with poor health Age of the individual: Older individuals generally have poorer prognosis than younger individuals Whether the tumor is occurring for the first time, or is a recurrent tumor. [dovemed.com]

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) 5 is often diagnosed at a late stage with concomitant poor prognosis ( 1 – 2 ). [clinchem.aaccjnls.org]

In addition, some information on prognosis, staging, treatment and treatment related complications in this group of patients is provided. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

NPC is a malignancy arising at the upper lining of nasopharynx, and the strategies for early diagnosis and prognosis are keys for NPC survival. [ijbs.com]

“Prognosis for patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma — accounting for approximately 10% of all cases — is poor,” Chiun Hsu, MD, PhD, professor in the graduate institute of oncology at National Taiwan University Hospital, and colleagues [healio.com]

[…] anatomy and histology blood blood supply cerebrospinal fluid chemically induced chemistry classification complications congenital cytology diagnosis diagnostic imaging diet therapy drug therapy economics embryology enzymology epidemiology ethnology etiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] geographic regions (Far East) and ethnic groups (Chinese origin) Content is based on one of the largest single institutional studies ever undertaken, plus an extensive review of the international literature Encompasses every aspect of the field, from etiology [thieme.de]

Abstract: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a form of head and neck cancer of multifactorial etiologies that is highly prevalent among men in the population of Southern China and Southeast Asia. [eurekaselect.com]

Over several generations, the prevalence among Chinese-Americans gradually decreases to that among non-Chinese Americans, suggesting an environmental component to etiology. [merckmanuals.com]

The first ten chapters document contain essential background information on subjects such as epidemiology, pathogenesis, molecular biology, pathology, and the use of imaging in diagnosis and staging. [books.google.de]

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. [headandneckcancerguide.org]

[…] options Subheadings: analysis anatomy and histology blood blood supply cerebrospinal fluid chemically induced chemistry classification complications congenital cytology diagnosis diagnostic imaging diet therapy drug therapy economics embryology enzymology epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Title Advances in cancer epidemiology: understanding causal mechanisms and the evidence for implementing interventions. [genome.jp]

"The Enigmatic Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma". Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 15 (10): 1765–1777. doi : 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0353. PMID 17035381. ^ Li, Yvonne Y.; Chung, Grace T. Y.; Lui, Vivian W. [en.wikipedia.org]

Pathophysiology The detection of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen and viral DNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma has revealed that EBV can infect epithelial cells and is associated with their malignant transformation. [1] Copies of the EBV genome [emedicine.medscape.com]

This study examined the role of diets in the development and prevention of nasopharyngeal cancer. Researchers reviewed data and evidence extracted from several studies. [drcarney.com]

Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Learn about the risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer and what you might be able to do to help lower your risk. Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging Know the signs and symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer. [cancer.org]

Prevention No sure way exists to prevent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, if you're concerned about your risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, you may consider avoiding habits that have been associated with the disease. [mayoclinic.org]

[…] imaging diet therapy drug therapy economics embryology enzymology epidemiology ethnology etiology genetics history immunology metabolism microbiology mortality nursing organization and administration parasitology pathology physiology physiopathology prevention [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

NPC has claimed many thousands of lives worldwide; but the low awareness of NPC remains a hindrance in early diagnosis and prevention of the disease. [eurekaselect.com]