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2.1
Neuhauser Syndrome
Megalocornea-intellectual disability syndrome

Presentation

present only in small fractions. [typeset.io]

Thus, a thorough assessment for ophthalmological, neurological and endocrinological changes in patients presenting with one of the key features is recommended. [neurology.org]

(B–C) The proband at ages 3, and 6 years, respectively, presented with bilateral megalocorneae, broad forehead, bilateral epicanthic folds, a tented upper lip, and downturned corners of the mouth. [journals.plos.org]

Entire Body System

  • Short Stature

    However, certain abnormalities associated with the syndrome, such as intellectual disability, psychomotor delay and/or short stature, may not be confirmed until later during infancy or childhood. [rarediseases.org]

    Usually this disorder is diagnosed at the onset of puberty (primary amenorrhea, poor development of sexual organs, sparse growth of secondary hair, short stature, delayed puberty, delayed bone age, infertility), spinocerebellar ataxia (with a variable [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

    The other family members showed microcephaly, slight mental retardation, and short stature, but not chorioretinopathy. [healio.com]

    Other hormone abnormalities lead to short stature in some affected individuals. The third characteristic feature of Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome is eye abnormalities, most commonly chorioretinal dystrophy. [encyclopedia.pub]

    Short stature, hypercholesterolemia, seizures and hypothyroidism have also been reported. Genetics No specific mutation has been found. Most cases occur sporadically. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Skin

  • No Pubic Hair

    In the physical examination, he had no axillary and pubic hair and showed a small penis and testis. Neurological examination revealed mild dysarthria, vertical and horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus, and ataxic gait. [mdsabstracts.org]

    Upon examination, he had a mild non-progressive ptosis, a wide based gait, infantile penis, small testes, and sparse pubic hair, along with a mild impairment of cognitive function. [cags.org.ae]

Face, Head & Neck

  • Round Face

    The patients have a peculiar face by specific craniofacial anomalies: round face, wide prominent forehead, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, bulbous nose, wide philtrum nasolabial wide, thin elongated mouth, big and protuded ear “cup”, jaw undersized [medigraphic.com]

    The patients have a peculiar face by specific craniofacial anomalies: round face, wide prominent forehead, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, bulbous nose, wide philtrum nasolabial wide, thin elongated mouth, big and protuded ear "cup", jaw undersized [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

    face, frontal bossing, antimongoloid slants of the eyes, epicanthal fold, large, low-set ears, broad nasal bridge, nostril anteversion, and increased length of the upper lip.[1] According to OMIM,[2] only 24 cases have been described in medical literature [en.wikipedia.org]

    Facial features included a round face, low frontal hairline, mild frontal bossing, broad nasal bridge, large corneas, mild hypertelorism, long upper lip, high palate, and small chin. She also had poor coordination. [omim.org]

  • Bulbous Nose

    The patients have a peculiar face by specific craniofacial anomalies: round face, wide prominent forehead, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, bulbous nose, wide philtrum nasolabial wide, thin elongated mouth, big and protuded ear “cup”, jaw undersized [medigraphic.com]

    The patients have a peculiar face by specific craniofacial anomalies: round face, wide prominent forehead, hypertelorism, broad nasal bridge, bulbous nose, wide philtrum nasolabial wide, thin elongated mouth, big and protuded ear "cup", jaw undersized [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Neurologic

  • Poor Coordination

    Episodes last from day to weeks and may leave residual symptoms such as speech impairment and poor coordination. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. Synonyms: Recurrent encephalophathy of childhood [ebi.ac.uk]

    Hypotonia, poor coordination and swallowing difficulties were present. One patient was obese and the other had scoliosis. Both had large fleshy ears and long fingers. The spectrum of the mental retardation megalocornea syndrome is not fully defined. [scinapse.io]

    Other neurologic abnormalities may be observed, including delayed speech development, poor coordination and clumsiness, seizures, hyperactivity and involuntary movements of the face, arms and legs (limbs) and trunk consisting of slow, continual, writhing [rarediseases.org]

    She also had poor coordination. Santolaya et al. (1992) concluded that hypotonia is a major feature of this syndrome. Antinolo et al. (1994) reported an isolated case of megalocornea, mental retardation, and hypotonia. [omim.org]

  • Truncal Ataxia

    During the episodes, patients typically show sudden onset of truncal ataxia, occasionally accompanied by lethargy and impairment of speech, as well as choreic and athetoid movements, seizures, loss of deep tendon reflexes, and presence of pathological [ebi.ac.uk]

    Source - National Institutes of Health (NIH) Symptoms The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Neuhauser-Eichner-Opitz syndrome includes the 5 symptoms listed below: * Sudden truncal ataxia * Chorea * Athetosis * Absent deep tendon [checkorphan.org]

  • Absent Deep Tendon Reflexes

    Source - National Institutes of Health (NIH) Symptoms The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Neuhauser-Eichner-Opitz syndrome includes the 5 symptoms listed below: * Sudden truncal ataxia * Chorea * Athetosis * Absent deep tendon [checkorphan.org]

Workup

Patients with hypoactive reflexes and glove and stocking hypoesthesia and hypalgesia will need a neuropathy workup. [checkorphan.org]

Previous workup included basic blood and urine as well as serologic, immunologic and broad metabolic studies that were all negative. Endocrine evaluation revealed prepubertal FSH, LH and estradiol levels. [epostersonline.com]

Workup Laboratory studies recommended in JS include urinalysis (for hematuria, proteinuria, defective urine concentrating capacity) and arterial blood gas ( ABG ) sampling (since hypoxia and hypercarbia in room air reflect severe restrictive lung disease [emedicine.medscape.com]

Treatment

Assessment of treatment patterns and patient outcomes before vs after implementation of a severity-based Clostridium difficile infection treatment policy. [cambridge.org]

Make the best clinical decisions with an enhanced emphasis on evidence-based practice and expert opinions on treatment strategies. Zero in on the most relevant and useful references with the aid of a more focused, concise bibliography. [books.google.com]

Treatment Treatment Options: No treatment is available. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Standard Therapies Treatment is directed towards the specific symptoms that are apparent in each individual. Treatment may require the coordinated efforts of a team of specialists. [rarediseases.org]

Prognosis

The 'prognosis' of Neuhauser-Eichner-Opitz syndrome usually refers to the likely outcome of Neuhauser-Eichner-Opitz syndrome. [checkorphan.org]

Diagnosis and Prognosis: This is probably a stable condition although too few cases have been reported to be certain. Diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary team. [disorders.eyes.arizona.edu]

Megalocornea-intellectual disability syndrome Other names Neuhauser syndrome Specialty Medical genetics Symptoms Ocular and intellect symptoms Usual onset Birth Duration Lifelong Causes Genetic mutation Prevention none Prognosis Medium Frequency very [en.wikipedia.org]

Etiology

Megalocornea is also a feature of Neuhäuser or megalocornea-mental retardation (MMR) syndrome, a rare condition of unknown etiology. [imperial.ac.uk]

Use Additional Use Additional Help Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. [icd10data.com]

In fact, the largest group (BMD type 1) remains poorly characterized, since it is not associated with any particular clinical feature or etiological factor. [frontiersin.org]

CEP164 Nephronophthisis CEP250 recessive Usher syndrome CEP290/BBS14 Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Leber congenital amaurosis, Joubert syndrome, Senior-Loken syndrome, Meckel syndrome CERKL Retinitis pigmentosa CFH age-related macular degeneration, complex etiology [molecularvisionlab.com]

People do not experience other neurological deficits such as numbness or weakness, and if these symptoms are present, a more serious etiology, such as posterior circulation stroke or ischemia, must be considered. [en.wikipedia.org]

Epidemiology

[…] usually appears between the age of 50 and 60 years old, and the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism appears in late childhood-adolescence.[4][5] Causes[edit] This disorder is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the PNPLA6 gene, in chromosome 19.[6] Epidemiology [en.wikipedia.org]

Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. [cambridge.org]

One recent large epidemiological study estimates that as many as 35% of adults aged 40 years or older in the United States—approximately 69 million Americans—have experienced some form of vestibular dysfunction. 1 According to the National Institute on [vestibular.org]

[…] recessive congenital disorder are megalocornea in the absence of elevated intraocular pressure, intellectual disability, and hypotonia, though megalocornea and intellectual disability alone have been proposed as the minimal criteria for diagnosis.[2] Epidemiology [eyewiki.aao.org]

Pathophysiology

The nature of the gene involved and its specific role in the pathophysiology are unknown. The absence of a response to luteinizing hormone also suggests disturbed pituitary function. [accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com]

Unlike others on this topic, this text demonstrates how the endoscope incorporates pathophysiology, diagnostic, and treatment modalities into endoscopic practice. [books.google.com]

This group may overlap with VM, and it may share common pathophysiological mechanisms ( 63 ). [frontiersin.org]

"Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): History, Pathophysiology, Office Treatment and Future Directions". International Journal of Otolaryngology. 2011 : 1–13. doi : 10.1155/2011/835671. PMC 3144715. [en.wikipedia.org]

In: Bertrand J, Rappaport R, Sizonenko PC (eds) Pediatric endocrinology–physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical aspects. [link.springer.com]

Prevention

Promoting COVID-19 prevention strategies, especially vaccination in children which is 91% effective at preventing MIS-C, is the best way to protect children and teens from MIS-C. [cdph.ca.gov]

[…] cup”, jaw undersized (micrognathia) and abnormal posterior positioning of the mandible (retrognathia).The use of facial dysmorphism helps to delineate the phenotype and achieve the punctuation required for the diagnosis, allowing early management and prevention [medigraphic.com]

[…] cup", jaw undersized (micrognathia) and abnormal posterior positioning of the mandible (retrognathia).The use of facial dysmorphism helps to delineate the phenotype and achieve the punctuation required for the diagnosis, allowing early management and prevention [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Special chapters, such as the Designing Clinical Research in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Prevention of Infection Following Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease, and Credentialing for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, help make [books.google.com]

Prevention - Boucher Neuhauser syndrome Not supplied. Diagnosis - Boucher Neuhauser syndrome The wise clinician should consider a neurologic referral at the outset. [checkorphan.org]

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