Abstract A case of spinal cord tumour in a 41-year-old man is presented. The initial diagnosis was of metastatic small cell tumour. One year postoperatively he presented with a left cerebellopontine angle tumour which resolved with radiotherapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prominent epithelial features briefly prompted consideration for metastatic carcinoma but clinical workup for systemic disease was negative and the tumor looked decidedly neural, albeit primitive. [path.upmc.edu]

Of note, both patients underwent appropriate workup to ensure that the spinal tumors did not represent drop metastases from a medulloblastoma. [thejns.org]

RA treatment decreased receptor expression to 11,700 per cell without a significant change in receptor affinity (3.6 nmol/L). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Management and treatment Evaluation and treatment should be the same as described for Ewing's sarcoma. [orpha.net]

The poor prognosis and the need for aggressive, combined surgical and chemotherapeutic modalities in treating this tumor necessitate a prompt and accurate diagnosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Depending on the location of the tumor, the signs and symptoms, treatment, and prognosis, may vary. [dovemed.com]

Of these subgroups, WNT patients have an excellent prognosis and group 3 patients have a dismal prognosis. [en.wikipedia.org]

[…] metabolites Natural History Highly aggressive behavior May grow rapidly Distant metastases common Regional lymph nodes, lung, liver, bones, brain Treatment Surgical approaches Goal is complete surgical resection Adjuvant therapy Chemotherapy and radiation Prognosis [basicmedicalkey.com]

Choux M, Lena G, Hassoun J (1983) Prognosis and long-term following-up in patients with medulloblastoma. Clin Neurosurg 30: 246–277 Google Scholar 11. [springerlink.com]

Etiology As with Ewing's sarcoma, peripheral neuroepitheliomas usually carry the 11;22 chromosome translocation (or any of the described variant) and express the MIC2 gene on immunohistochemistry. [orpha.net]

(cutaneous) neuroblastoma Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma Definitions Rare malignant small blue round cell tumor of dermis and superficial subcutis Variable evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation (morphologic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical) ETIOLOGY [basicmedicalkey.com]

Conclusions : The results reported here provide limited evidence for the role of prenatal and neonatal factors in the etiology of childhood malignant neoplasms of the brain. [springerlink.com]

D'Elia A, Tropeano MP, Maiola V, Frati A, Salvati M (2015) The etiology of low-grade gliomas: pathological and clinical considerations about radiation-induced low-grade gliomas. Neurol Sci. 36:1091-1095. [path.upmc.edu]

These genetic data implicating Shh signaling in the etiology of this group of tumors has lead to the current proposal to formally name them ‘Sonic Hedgehog’ subgroup medulloblastomas. [doi.org]

[…] common histogenetic origins Central nervous system PNET (medulloblastoma) Askin tumor (chest wall/thoracopulmonary PNET) Genetics t(11;22)(q24;q12) Related to Ewing sarcoma (same translocation) Probably phenotypic spectrum of same tumor CLINICAL ISSUES Epidemiology [basicmedicalkey.com]

Leukaemia Research Fund, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology University of Leeds Leeds UK 2. Cancer Epidemiology Unit Imperial Cancer Research Fund Oxford UK [springerlink.com]

Epidemiology Frequency United States Approximately 250 new patients are diagnosed annually. International Exact figures are unknown. In general, brain tumors occur at a rate of 2.5-4 per 100,000 at-risk children per year. [emedicine.com]

Original Papers Clinical Oncology or Epidemiology Summary Cytogenetic studies on neuroblastomas arising in children have revealed consistent abnormalitics of the short arm of chromosome number 1. [link.springer.com]

All of that changed after the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) reclassification. [3] Pathophysiology In the brain, medulloblastoma most often arises in the posterior fossa as shown in the image below. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The pan-caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD.fmk, 100 microM) fully prevented apoptosis induced by 20 nM OA, increasing PCC incidence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Consequently, the most important problem in cancer treatment is the destruction or prevention of metastases. Metastases research has obvious clinical importance. [books.google.de]

Please find comprehensive information on Ependymoma regarding definition, distribution, risk factors, causes, signs & symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE. [dovemed.com]