Presentation
[…] is present unilaterally. [eyewiki.org]
Poor visual acuity at presentation : better VA at presentation is associated with a better final VA [ 162 ]. Chee et al. proposed that good VA at one month was associated with greater likelihood of good VA at 3 years [ 121 ]. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Bronchiectasis may be present, although this is not a universal finding 5. MRI MR angiography (MRA) may show a small pulmonary artery with diminished vascularity in the periphery 8. [radiopaedia.org]
Children with isolated Horner's syndrome may present when parents notice a difference in eye color or impaired facial flushing. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Cushing's disease presenting with gastrointestinal perforation: a case report. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2013. 2013:130064. [Medline]. Graham BS, Tucker WS Jr. Opportunistic infections in endogenous Cushing's syndrome. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Entire Body System
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Pain
Association of neuromyelitis optica with severe and intractable pain. Arch Neurol 2012 ; 69: 1482 – 1487. Google Scholar Medline 21. Fujii, H, Goel, A, Bernard, N. [journals.sagepub.com]
(through a 100-mm visual analogue scale in which higher scores indicated more severe pain). [tmj.ro]
Brachial plexopathy: pain and weakness in the arm, or hand; abnormalities can be confirmed by nerve conduction studies and electromyography of the involved extremity. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Posterior scleritis can also present with intense ocular pain, radiating to the head, ears and jaw; redness; choroidal folds, exudative retinal detachment, optic disc edema and choroidal detachment. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
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Physician
This procedure allows physicians to determine the rate of blood flow through the heart and measure the pressure within the heart. X-ray studies may also be performed to confirm the presence and extent of osteoporosis. [rarediseases.org]
[…] and Endocrine Disorders Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School Romesh Khardori, MD, PhD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Physicians [emedicine.medscape.com]
Functional assessment included: physician's and parent's global assessment of disease activity (with a 100-mm visual analogue scale -VAS, in which higher scores indicated more active disease); Disability Index score in Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire [tmj.ro]
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Weight Gain
Fast food consumption and increased caloric intake: a systematic review of a trajectory towards weight gain and obesity risk. Obes Rev 2008;9(6):535-47. Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB. [jurnal.ugm.ac.id]
Individuals often complain of proximal muscle weakness, easy bruising, weight gain, hirsutism, and, in children, growth retardation. Hypertension, osteopenia, diabetes mellitus, and impaired immune function may occur. [emedicine.medscape.com]
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Surgical Procedure
procedures in this region including radical neck dissection, jugular vein cannulation, thoracoscopy or mediastinoscopy, chest tube placement and other thoracic surgical procedures. [eyewiki.aao.org]
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Hodgkin Lymphoma
Abbreviations APMPPE: acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy AUS: American Uveitis Society BL-FAF: blue fundus autofluorescence imaging CME: cystoid macular edema CNS: central nervous system CNSNHF: CNS non-Hodgkin lymphoma CNV: choroidal [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Skin
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Eruptions
Certain secondary (permanent) teeth may not develop (erupt) or may erupt late; those permanent teeth that do develop are usually malformed (dysplastic). In some patients, permanent teeth may also be lost prematurely. [rarediseases.org]
Treatment
Since these patients are usually refractory to medical therapy, other treatment options have been used. [eyewiki.org]
Restoration of a dual-coronary-artery system is the ideal surgical treatment for ALCAPA syndrome. (c) RSNA, 2009. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
IgM RF and anti-CCP antibody are not reliable markers in appreciation of disease activity or treatment response. [tmj.ro]
Related to treatment: a.. Late instauration of treatment from the acute disease onset : early treatment with high-dose systemic corticosteroids resulted in less persistent inflammation [ 176 ]; b.. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
New guidelines address Cushing’s syndrome treatment. Medscape Medical News. Available at . Aug 5,2015; Accessed: Sept 3, 2015. Aymes S. Endocrine Society releases guidelines on treatment of Cushing’s Syndrome. Endocrinology Advisor. Aug 26, 2015. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Prognosis
Prognosis is favorable if surgery is curative. The rare adrenocortical carcinomas are associated with a 5-year survival rate of 30% or less. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Follow up Follow up of Horner’s syndrome depends on the etiology of Horner’s syndrome Prognosis Prognosis depends on the etiology of Horner’s syndrome AAO, Basic and Clinical Science Course. Section 5: Neuro-ophthalmology, 2015-2016. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Some factors have been described as indicative of prognosis: I. Related to treatment: a.. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Patients with SWS have a lower life expectancy than does the general population. [26] When the leptomeningeal lesions are bilateral, patients usually have more severe neurological manifestations and a worse prognosis. [eyewiki.org]
Etiology
Etiology The etiology of Horner’s syndrome varies with the patient age and site of lesion. The etiology remains unknown in 35-40% of cases. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Exogenous use of glucocorticoids should always be considered and excluded in the etiology of Cushing syndrome. This article focuses on endogenous Cushing syndrome. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis consists of a heterogeneous group of disorders with unknown etiology, and a lack of reliable biomarkers complicates diagnosis. The disease course is unpredictable, with no single marker able to monitor disease. [tmj.ro]
Pathogenesis The exact etiology of VKHD is still a matter of enquiry. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Epidemiology
The new pig disease: epidemiology and production losses in the Netherlands. In: Report of a Seminar on the New Pig Disease (PRRS). Brussels, Belgium, 1991: 9–19. (24) Tisdell CA. [slovetres.si]
ICD-9 337.9 Epidemiology In a population based study of Horner’s syndrome in the pediatric age group, the incidence of Horner’s syndrome was estimated to be 1.42 per 100 000 patients younger than 19 years, with a birth prevalence of 1 in 6250 for those [eyewiki.aao.org]
Ectopic CRH secretion leading to increased ACTH secretion comprises a very rare group of cases of Cushing syndrome. [4] Epidemiology Identifying the exact incidence of Cushing syndrome is challenging because patients can present with a wide spectrum from [emedicine.medscape.com]
Oligoarticular and polyarticular JIA: epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2009 Nov;5(11):616-26. 23. Barnes MG, Grom AA, Thompson SD, et al. [tmj.ro]
The current review discusses the general features of VKHD, including epidemiology, classification into categories, differential diagnosis and current therapeutic approaches. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of Raynaud’s phenome non related to systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology. 2006;45:iii33–iii35. 16. Sheehan NJ. Dysphagia and other manifestations of oesophageal involvement in the musculoskeletal diseases. [jku.unram.ac.id]
Overweight in children and adolescents, pathophysiology, consequence, prevention, and treatment. Circulation 2005;111:1999-2012. Suryaputra K, Nadhiroh SR. Perbedaan pola makan dan aktivitas fisik antara remaja obesitas dengan non obesitas. [jurnal.ugm.ac.id]
Pathophysiology Horner's syndrome results from a lesion to the sympathetic pathways that supply the head and neck, including the oculosympathetic fibers. Relevant anatomy The pupil is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Pathophysiology Endogenous glucocorticoid overproduction or hypercortisolism that is independent of ACTH is usually due to a primary adrenocortical neoplasm (most commonly an adenoma and rarely a carcinoma). [emedicine.medscape.com]
Presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of the neurological features of Sturge-Weber syndrome. Neurologist 2011;17:179-84. Schirmer. [eyewiki.org]
Prevention
Primary prevention Prevention strategies depend on the etiology of Horner’s syndrome. These may include prevention of trauma (especially head trauma), control of cardiovascular risk factors and smoking cessation. [eyewiki.aao.org]
Intermittent intravenous immunoglobulin successfully prevents relapses of neuromyelitis optica. Intern Med 2007 ; 46: 1671 – 1672. Google Scholar Medline 17. Kronbichler, A, Brezina, B, Quintana, LF. [journals.sagepub.com]
Overweight in children and adolescents, pathophysiology, consequence, prevention, and treatment. Circulation 2005;111:1999-2012. Suryaputra K, Nadhiroh SR. Perbedaan pola makan dan aktivitas fisik antara remaja obesitas dengan non obesitas. [jurnal.ugm.ac.id]
tropicamide 1.0 % eyedrops) to reduce ciliary spasm and prevent posterior synechiae, are most frequently used [ 1 ]. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]