Symptoma

Non-Seminoma Testicular Cancer

Non Seminoma Testicular Cancer

A 46-year-old male with a past history of hypertension initially presented to a urologist with a left-sided testicular mass. [healio.com]

Let’s take a quick look at the clinical presentation, pathologic subtypes, and prognosis of this common cancer. Clinical Presentation Testicular cancer usually presents as a firm, painless enlargement of the testis. [pathologystudent.com]

History Most patients present with a history of a lump, swelling or hardness detected in the testicle. 10% of patients present with scrotal pain, and a further 10% present with symptoms related to metastatic spread (see symptoms). [health24.com]

Back pain, abdominal discomfort or abdominal mass may be a presenting feature in the 25% of patients who have retroperitoneal nodal metastases 3. Presentation with distant or extranodal metastases is rare ( 5%). [radiopaedia.org]

Critical Essential Core Tested Community Questions (4) (M2.ON.75) A 30-year-old male presents with a testicular mass of unknown duration. [medbullets.com]

  • Lymphedema

    Lymphedema. This is a collection of fluid that causes swelling in the arms, legs, and genitals. Bleeding. Pulmonary embolism. This is a sudden blockage of blood flow in the lung. [healthlinkbc.ca]

  • Pelvic Mass

    He was noted to have retrocrural and celiac adenopathy, as well as a 10 cm 12 cm large calcified pelvic mass. Chest CT showed significant mediastinal adenopathy and a 1 cm right upper lobe pulmonary nodule. [healio.com]

  • Hypertension

    A 46-year-old male with a past history of hypertension initially presented to a urologist with a left-sided testicular mass. [healio.com]

    Chemotherapy-related late toxicity includes cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome (hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and diabetes), hypogonadism, persisting neurotoxicity, Raynaud's syndrome and ototoxicity. follow-up Relapses are most commonly [academic.oup.com]

  • Ejection Murmur

    Exam revealed a systolic ejection murmur and 20 cm hard scrotal mass with loss of anatomical differentiation between the scrotum and the penis with 3 bilateral lower extremity pitting edema. [healio.com]

  • Retinal Hemorrhage

    On examination, the ophthalmologist found him to have retinal hemorrhages and hypertension with blood pressure measured at 220 mm Hg/110 mm Hg. [healio.com]

  • Denial

    After going through a period of denial and anger, I decided I was going to do whatever I could to beat it. My doctor said I was fortunate because we had caught it at an early stage. [healthlinkbc.ca]

  • Anger

    After going through a period of denial and anger, I decided I was going to do whatever I could to beat it. My doctor said I was fortunate because we had caught it at an early stage. [healthlinkbc.ca]

  • Withdrawn

    Trial Phase, Sponsor Type and End point status The report reviews top companies involved and enlists all trials (Trial title, Phase, and Status) pertaining to the company The report provides all the unaccomplished trials (Terminated, Suspended and Withdrawn [gii.co.jp]

  • Sleep Disturbance

    Cancer Connect 4 days Cancer Survivorship: Insomnia and Sleep Disturbance Dr. Barrie Cassileth Chief of Integrative Medicine MSKCC. Mind body therapy, medication, exercise, CAM all play a role. [news.cancerconnect.com]

  • Testicular Mass

    A 46-year-old male with a past history of hypertension initially presented to a urologist with a left-sided testicular mass. [healio.com]

    Critical Essential Core Tested Community Questions (4) (M2.ON.75) A 30-year-old male presents with a testicular mass of unknown duration. [medbullets.com]

    Tabs Content Clinical Overview Diagnosis Indications for Testing Testicular mass Testicular pain Nonresolving epididymitis/orchitis Laboratory Testing AFP, beta-hCG, and LDH serum concentrations – mandatory prior to testicular cancer treatment Molecular [arupconsult.com]

    Scrotal ultrasonography is nearly 100 percent accurate in distinguishing between intratesticular and extratesticular pathology. 16 All intra-testicular masses are considered cancer until proved otherwise. [aafp.org]

  • Testicular Pain

    Tabs Content Clinical Overview Diagnosis Indications for Testing Testicular mass Testicular pain Nonresolving epididymitis/orchitis Laboratory Testing AFP, beta-hCG, and LDH serum concentrations – mandatory prior to testicular cancer treatment Molecular [arupconsult.com]

    Testicular pain is reported in up to one fifth of cases. [en.wikipedia.org]

    Indications for Embryonal Carcinoma of the Testis include: Blood in vomit and cough Blood in stool, urine Trouble breathing Headache Low blood pressure Anemia Testicular pain, lump in the testes, feeling of heaviness in the scrotum Abdominal pain and [dovemed.com]

    Testicular pain and/or abdominal pain. Dragging sensation. Recent history of trauma; it is probably the trauma that leads the man to examine himself and find the tumour rather than being the cause of malignant change. Hydrocele. [patient.info]

    They present as a hard mass with diffuse testicular pain and swelling. Since infection is a common cause of testicular symptoms, epididymitis and orchitis must be ruled out. [uspharmacist.com]

  • Swelling of the Scrotum

    Consult a doctor if you have any of these symptoms: Swelling in the scrotum A lump or swelling in either testicle Build-up of fluid on the scrotum Dull ache in the groin or lower abdomen Pain or discomfort in the scrotum or a testicle Cleveland Clinic [my.clevelandclinic.org]

    Patients presenting with a swelling in the scrotum should be examined carefully and an attempt made to distinguish between lumps arising from the testis and other intrascrotal swellings. [patient.info]

    Check for any swelling on the scrotum skin. Examine each testicle with both hands. Place the index and middle fingers under the testicle with the thumbs placed on top. Roll the testicle gently between the thumbs and fingers. [washington.edu]

    When to see a doctor You need to see a doctor urgently in case of: A lump or hardness detected in the testicle itself Unexplained enlargement of the testicle Unexplained pain, ache or swelling within the scrotum High risk patients need to be especially [health24.com]

  • Scrotal Mass

    In addition, he had a large left-sided scrotal mass that he reported had continued to enlarge during the previous several months. [healio.com]

    Almost all scrotal masses not arising from the testes are benign. Tumour markers are substances produced by tumours, which can be measured in the blood, thereby indicating the presence and extent of a tumour. [health24.com]

    Ultrasonography may be helpful in confirming the presence of a scrotal mass within the testicle. Intratesticular masses are considered malignant until proved otherwise. Radical orchiectomy is the treatment for the primary tumor. [aafp.org]

    Friend J, Barker A, Khosa J, Samnakay N Benign scrotal masses in children - some new lessons learned. [cancerindex.org]

  • Painless Testicular Mass

    The most common presentation is with a painless testicular mass although some 45% will report a degree of testicular discomfort. Bilateral tumors are rare ( 2%) and are almost always asynchronous 1. [radiopaedia.org]

    Presentation The classic presentation of a testicular tumor is as a painless testicular mass in an otherwise healthy man in the third or fourth decade of life. [emedicine.medscape.com]

    A painless testicular mass is the classic presentation for testicular cancer, although a number of patients present with diffuse pain or swelling. Ultrasonography may be helpful in confirming the presence of a scrotal mass within the testicle. [aafp.org]

The urologist ordered an ultrasound of the mass; however, the patient chose not to pursue further workup at that time and had no follow-up for approximately 4 months. He then presented to an ophthalmologist for complaints of decreased visual acuity. [healio.com]

Testicular Cancer Workup. Available online at . Accessed July 2014. Motzer RJ, Agarwal N, Beard C, et al. Testicular Cancer. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Care Network. 2009;7:672-693. Available online at . Accessed July 2014. [labtestsonline.it]

If signs and symptoms of advanced disease are present, MRI of the brain and bone should be added to the standard diagnostic workup to rule out metastasis. [uspharmacist.com]

Any palpable firmness within the testicular parenchyma should raise suspiscion for malignancy and prompt further workup. Differentiation of the scrotal contents should be found with careful palpation. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The potential benefits of receiving cancer treatment must be carefully balanced with the potential risks of receiving cancer treatment. The following is a general overview of the treatment of stage I testicular non-seminoma. [texasoncology.com]

For more information about testicular cancer, including diagnosis, treatments, and follow-up after treatment, visit BC Cancer Agency Types of Cancer - Testes. [healthlinkbc.ca]

Some men who choose surveillance will need more treatment. [myhealth.alberta.ca]

AFP 1000 ng/mL hCG 5000 IU/L (1000 ng/mL) LDH 1.5x ULN Seminoma (90% of cases) All of the following criteria: 5-year PFS 82% 5-year survival 86% Any primary site No non-pulmonary visceral metastases Normal AFP Any hCG Any LDH Intermediate prognosis group [esmo.org]

Featured 6,735 Community 48 Act Your Age When It Comes to Skin Care Act Your Age When It Comes to Skin Care Cancer Connect 12 hrs Cyramza Improves Survival in Poor-Prognosis Liver Cancer Cyramza Improves Survival in Poor-Prognosis Liver Cancer Cancer [news.cancerconnect.com]

Unfavorable prognosis [1] is defined by incomplete response, high marker levels, high tumor volume, an extratesticular primary tumor, and late relapse Treat these patients with chemotherapy; clinical trials or conventional-dose VeIP or TIP regimens [emedicine.medscape.com]

If you have testicular cancer, you may have questions about your prognosis. A prognosis is the doctor’s best estimate of how cancer will affect someone and how it will respond to treatment. Prognosis and survival depend on many factors. [cancer.ca]

Men's outlook is defined as having good prognosis, intermediate prognosis or poor prognosis. [cancerresearchuk.org]

Fine needle aspiration of this retroperitoneal mass was positive for malignant cells and consistent with germ cell tumor etiology. The report stated that the findings were consistent with a seminoma. [healio.com]

The present study aims to determine if socioeconomic factors may play a role in both etiology and survival from non-seminoma testicular cancer. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Etiology Risk factors Cryptorchidism (increased risk for germ cell tumors ) [4] Contralateral testicular cancer Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) Family history of testicular cancer Klinefelter syndrome, Down syndrome (increased risk for germ cell tumors [amboss.com]

(Etiology) The cause of Embryonal Carcinoma of the Testis is unknown. [dovemed.com]

In contrast, the increase in rates has begun to slow in countries such as Australia and the United States [4] Etiology Factors that alter the differentiation of the primordial germ cell, resulting in the presence of an embryonal stem cell, can increase [emedicine.medscape.com]

Kataja This Clinical Practice Guideline for Testicular Seminoma and Non-seminoma features epidemiology of these rare malignancies in young men, the diagnosis, management of the primary tumour, post-orchiectomy staging and risk assessment, treatment recommendations [esmo.org]

[…] common in Hispanics compared to Asian and black populations in the US References: [1] [2] [3] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

[…] primordial germ cells and early gonocytes nonseminomas cells can be undifferentiated and appear as embryonic stem cells (in embryonal carcinoma) cells can differentiate into yolk sac tumors choriocarcinomas teratomas sex cord-stromal tumors (usually benign) Epidemiology [medbullets.com]

Monitoring AFP, LDH, beta-hCG – markers of choice; refer to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Testicular Cancer guidelines (2016) for suggested monitoring schedule Schedule varies based on tumor stage/type and treatment Background Epidemiology [arupconsult.com]

These groups are defined by epidemiological characteristics, histological composition and chromosomal constitution (Table 1). [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

[…] in African Americans Highest incidence in Caucasians Risk Factors Personal history of testicular cancer Family history of testicular cancer – highest risk if sibling had testicular cancer Cryptorchidism Infertility /subfertility Klinefelter syndrome Pathophysiology [arupconsult.com]

Epidemiology : usually develop after the age of 4 Pathophysiology : produces amounts of testosterone and a small amount of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids testosterone excess causes precocious puberty in males (and masculinization in females [amboss.com]

Furthermore, men with known ITGCN have an approximately 50% risk of cancer developement in 5 years. [5] Pathophysiology As mentioned above, as many as 90% of germ cell tumors are associated with ITGCN. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Cancer Connect 3 days Overview of Melanoma Melanoma: Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Screening, Prevention & Early Detection Cancer Connect 3 days Sunscreen May Reduce Risk of Melanoma Regular use of sunscreen may help prevent melanoma. [news.cancerconnect.com]

Supportive Care: Supportive care refers to treatments designed to prevent and control the side effects of cancer and its treatment. [texasoncology.com]

One of the main strategies to prevent nephrotoxicity relies on adequate sodium chloride hydration. This is essential for all patients treated with cisplatin. [healio.com]

Prevention Preventing most cases testicular cancer is not possible, as the causes are largely unknown. Many men who develop testicular cancer do not have any known risk factors. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Prevention It’s not possible to prevent testicular cancer since most of the risk factors (young age, undescended testicles, being white, etc.) cannot be changed or controlled. [urmc.rochester.edu]