Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of patients hospitalized at the clinic of rheumatology who presented peptic ulcers and erosions associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Anemia

  Small intestine inflammation and bleeding (enteropathy) due to NSAIDs must be considered in the evaluation of anemia in patients with arthritis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Key terms Anemia — A lack of hemoglobin—the compound in blood that carries oxygen from the lungs throughout the body and brings waste carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs, where it is released. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  […] development of anemia [40]. [arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com]

  Anemia Both sides of the body affected (symmetric) Depression Fatigue Fever Joint deformity Joint pain Joint redness Joint stiffness Joint swelling Joint tenderness Joint warmth Limping Loss of joint function Loss of joint range of motion Many joints [medicinenet.com]

  Affected organ system Symptoms and manifestations Additional risk factors Gastrointestinal tract Dyspepsia with pyrosis, Abdominal pain, Nausea, Anorexia, Gastric erosions, Ulcers, Perforation, Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Anemia History of GI ulcer, [intechopen.com]

• Congestive Heart Failure

  Other heart-related side effects such as high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, and palpitations have also been reported. [drugs.com]

  NSAIDs associated with increased risk of congestive heart failure in elderly patients taking diuretics. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158: 1108–1112. 6. Page J, Henry D. [journals.lww.com]

  Rarely, NSAIDs can cause a nephropathy, favored by high doses of multiple drugs but also in patients with congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, hypovolemia, disorders of the RAAS system. [intechopen.com]

  Cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors versus non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and congestive heart failure outcomes in elderly patients: a population-based cohort study. [futuremedicine.com]

  Active congestive heart failure. History of stroke or heart attack. Allergic and drug interactions Known allergies to medications, especially aspirin, other NSAIDs and sulfa drugs. Nasal polyps (linked to a greater chance of NSAID allergy). [my.clevelandclinic.org]

• Fatigue

  In addition, some people taking NSAIDs have experienced asthma attacks, bleeding, fatigue, headache, insomnia, low neutrophil levels, urticaria (hives), vertigo and seizures. [drugs.com]

  Symptoms include muscle pain with tender points and fatigue. Treatment usually involves physical therapy, massage therapy, or trigger point injection. [medicinenet.com]

  Common side effects of prescription NSAIDs may include: dizziness headache nausea diarrhea excess gas constipation extreme weakness or fatigue dry mouth. Serious, but rare, side effects of prescription NSAIDs may include: Allergic reaction. [familydoctor.org]

  Only in a minority of patients, a significant liver injury was observed, with symptoms which included nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, fatigue, and jaundice. [intechopen.com]

• Hypoxemia

  The goal of this study was to determine whether PPHN is associated with fetal exposure to: (1) tobacco and marijuana smoking (ie, contributors to fetal hypoxemia), (2) consumption of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (ie, inhibitors [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

  Small-to-moderate increased risks of some oral cleft groups, some neural tube defect groups, anophthalmia/microphthalmia, pulmonary valve stenosis, amniotic bands/limb body wall defects, and transverse limb deficiencies were associated with ibuprofen, [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Nausea

  A 44-year-old-male visited our out-patient department with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and general weakness that had developed over the previous 2 weeks. He had history of medication, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Common side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite, rash, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness. [medicinenet.com]

  Gastrointestinal side effects that may occur include bloating, diarrhea, constipation, irritation of the lining of the stomach, nausea or vomiting. NSAIDs may also affect kidney function and reduce how quickly blood flows through the kidneys. [drugs.com]

  The most common side effects are: vomiting, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, reduced appetite, headache, dizziness, rash, and drowsiness. NSAIDs also may cause swelling of the arms and legs due to the retention of fluid from their renal effects. [rxlist.com]

• Vomiting

  A 44-year-old-male visited our out-patient department with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and general weakness that had developed over the previous 2 weeks. He had history of medication, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Common side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite, rash, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness. [medicinenet.com]

  Gastrointestinal side effects that may occur include bloating, diarrhea, constipation, irritation of the lining of the stomach, nausea or vomiting. NSAIDs may also affect kidney function and reduce how quickly blood flows through the kidneys. [drugs.com]

  The most common side effects are: vomiting, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, reduced appetite, headache, dizziness, rash, and drowsiness. NSAIDs also may cause swelling of the arms and legs due to the retention of fluid from their renal effects. [rxlist.com]

• Constipation

  Gastrointestinal side effects that may occur include bloating, diarrhea, constipation, irritation of the lining of the stomach, nausea or vomiting. NSAIDs may also affect kidney function and reduce how quickly blood flows through the kidneys. [drugs.com]

  The most common side effects are: vomiting, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, reduced appetite, headache, dizziness, rash, and drowsiness. NSAIDs also may cause swelling of the arms and legs due to the retention of fluid from their renal effects. [rxlist.com]

  The most common treatment-related adverse events for tramadol/APAP were somnolence (6.5%), nausea (4.6%), and constipation (3.3%). Mean tramadol/APAP dose was 4.1 tablets (154 mg tramadol/ 1332 mg APAP). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Constipations disturb blood circulation. Irrational diet: lack of vitamins, eating fast-food without any beverage can also lead to varicose veins among young women. [varicose-default.zcpa.info]

• Abdominal Pain

  He reported a history of recurrent episodes of colic abdominal pain during the past 25 years; he underwent three surgical operations for this condition. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Symptoms of microscopic colitis are chronic watery diarrhea and abdominal pain or cramps. Microscopic colitis is diagnosed through biopsies of several areas of the colon. [medicinenet.com]

  Most NSAID ingestions are asymptomatic or are associated with only minimal gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, such as nausea, emesis, abdominal pain, and GI bleeding. Hepatic injury resulting in increased liver enzymes and liver failure can occur. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

  Only in a minority of patients, a significant liver injury was observed, with symptoms which included nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, fatigue, and jaundice. [intechopen.com]

• Dyspepsia

  Of a group of 4,256 hospitalized patients receiving therapy with NSAIDs, 221 patients with persistent dyspepsia underwent endoscopic examination of the upper segment of the gastrointestinal tract. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  When used in this way, the most frequent side effects are dyspepsia, diarrhea and abdominal pain (15). It is particularly important for the clinician to know which NSAIDs present the greatest gastrointestinal complication risk. [scielo.isciii.es]

  They can include an array of symptoms and manifestations varying in severity from simple dyspepsia with pyrosis to fully developed gastric or intestinal ulcer. [intechopen.com]

  Though tolerability of celecoxib is better than traditional NSAIDs, still abdominal pain, dyspepsia and mild diarrhoea are the common side effects. [slideshare.net]

  Indigestion (Dyspepsia, Upset Stomach Pain) Indigestion (dyspepsia) can be caused by diseases or conditions that involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and also by some diseases and conditions that do not involve the GI tract. [medicinenet.com]

• Hypertension

  There was a statistically significant relationship between NSAID usage and having hypertension (p 0.013, OR 2.064, 95% CI 1.16 - 3.65). 78 of the antihypertensive and 88% of the analgesic/NSAIDs users explained the purpose of the drug usage properly. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  The risk associated with NSAIDs was higher when the attributed etiology of heart failure was hypertension. [journals.lww.com]

• Hypotension

  Orthostatic Hypotension Orthostatic hypotension symptoms include: LightheadednessWeaknessBlurred vision Syncope or passing out Causes of orthostatic hypotension include: Dehydration, Anemia, Medication Blood loss Low blood pressure Heat related illnesses [medicinenet.com]

  […] from colchicine, three from ibuprofen, and one from naproxen. [1] AAPCC NPDS outcomes are defined as follows: None Minor: Minimally bothersome with rapid resolution (eg, self-limited GI symptoms, drowsiness, skin irritation, sinus tachycardia without hypotension [emedicine.medscape.com]

  In patients with diminished kidney perfusion (hypotension, cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, diuretic use or blood loss), the kidneys increase prostaglandin synthesis to raise the filtration rate and secure an adequate renal flow. [scielo.isciii.es]

• Blurred Vision

  Very rare reactions (occuring in less than 1 in 100 people) include: Inflammation of the bladder; Nephrotic syndrome; Acute renal failure; Photosensitivity; Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver); Aseptic meningitis; Blurred vision; Tinnitus. [healthengine.com.au]

  Lastly, neurologic toxicity can present with drowsiness, confusion, nystagmus, blurred vision, diplopia, headache, and tinnitus.[20] Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes The general public widely uses NSAIDs because of their wide range of commonly encountered [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Blurred vision. Ringing in the ears. Photosensitivity (greater sensitivity to light). Very bad headache. Change in strength on one side is greater than the other, trouble speaking or thinking, change in balance. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

  Blurred vision or other vision problems also are possible side effects. For these reasons, anyone who takes these drugs should not drive, use machines or do anything else that might be dangerous until they have found out how the drugs affect them. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Urticaria

  Studies, review articles, and commentaries on aspirin-induced asthma and aspirin- or NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema were included in the review. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Arbitrarily, we use 1/10th of the desired dose in cases of urticaria, and dose at approximate 2-hour intervals. [aaaai.org]

  In addition, some people taking NSAIDs have experienced asthma attacks, bleeding, fatigue, headache, insomnia, low neutrophil levels, urticaria (hives), vertigo and seizures. [drugs.com]

• Photosensitivity

  Photosensitivity to ketoprofen: mechanisms and pharmacoepidemiological data. Drug Safety 2000; 22: 339-349. Dermatology. Ed. Bolognia, J et al. 2nd edition 2007. Mosby Cousin F, Philips K, Favier B, Bienvenu J, Nicolas JF. Drug-induced urticaria. [dermnetnz.org]

  […] causing very high blood pressure requiring emergency treatment Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Increases metabolism of these drugs, reducing their efficacy Oral contraceptives Increases metabolism of these drugs, reducing their efficacy Photosensitizing [merckmanuals.com]

  Very rare reactions (occuring in less than 1 in 100 people) include: Inflammation of the bladder; Nephrotic syndrome; Acute renal failure; Photosensitivity; Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver); Aseptic meningitis; Blurred vision; Tinnitus. [healthengine.com.au]

  Photosensitivity (greater sensitivity to light). Very bad headache. Change in strength on one side is greater than the other, trouble speaking or thinking, change in balance. [my.clevelandclinic.org]

• Skin Rash

  Symptoms might include hives, facial swelling, wheezing and skin rash. There is the potential for gastrointestinal bleeding (bleeding in the stomach or elsewhere in the digestive tract) associated with all NSAIDs. [fda.gov]

  rash skin irritation, reddening, itching or rash (if skin products are used, such as a cream). [betterhealth.vic.gov.au]

   Skin rashes, dizziness and other CNS manifestations have occurred.  Haemolytic anaemia is a rare but serious complication.  Pharmacokinetics:  Oral absorption is slow but almost complete. [slideshare.net]

• Tinnitus

  Decreased hearing or ringing in the ears (also called tinnitus). Jaundice (the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes). Abdominal cramping. Heartburn. Indigestion. [familydoctor.org]

  The side effects of aspirin use include upset stomach, heartburn, nausea, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), headache, and diaorrhea. Aspirin has an effect on the blood clotting system, which means that bleeding within the damaged tissue may increase. [physioroom.com]

  Very rare reactions (occuring in less than 1 in 100 people) include: Inflammation of the bladder; Nephrotic syndrome; Acute renal failure; Photosensitivity; Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver); Aseptic meningitis; Blurred vision; Tinnitus. [healthengine.com.au]

  Lastly, neurologic toxicity can present with drowsiness, confusion, nystagmus, blurred vision, diplopia, headache, and tinnitus.[20] Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes The general public widely uses NSAIDs because of their wide range of commonly encountered [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

   CNS side effects include headache, dizziness, blurring of vision, tinnitus and depression.  Rashes, itching and other hypersensitivity phenomena are infrequent.  They are not to be prescribed to pregnant woman and should be avoided in peptic ulcer [slideshare.net]

• Renal Insufficiency

  Miscellaneous adverse effects and contraindications  May decrease the glomerular filtration rate, particularly in patients with renal insufficiency.  Occasionally produce mild hepatitis  Prolong bleeding time.  Aspirin irreversibly inhibits platelet [slideshare.net]

• Nystagmus

  Lastly, neurologic toxicity can present with drowsiness, confusion, nystagmus, blurred vision, diplopia, headache, and tinnitus.[20] Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes The general public widely uses NSAIDs because of their wide range of commonly encountered [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Colonic Stricture

  Twelve additional cases of NSAID-induced colonic stricture are reviewed from the literature and its possible pathogenesis is discussed. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] ability in RA, and 60-80% as great as NSAID treatment in reduction in tender joint counts in RA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Since there is no proven treatment for the GIN yet, we can carefully suggest that moderate to high dosage corticosteroid can be helpful for prognosis in case of acute granulomatous interstitial nephritis of patients with AKI. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The prognosis for bone cancer depends on the type of cancer and the extent of spread. Ankylosing Spondylitis Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that causes chronic inflammation of the spine. [medicinenet.com]

As long as we can carefully exclude infectious diseases as the cause of granulomatous lesion, acute granulomatous interstitial nephritis can be treated with steroid regardless of the etiologies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The risk associated with NSAIDs was higher when the attributed etiology of heart failure was hypertension. [journals.lww.com]

Abstract The authors performed a systematic review to summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the association between use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of dementia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pathophysiology of aseptic meningitis is uncertain, and there are probably multiple mechanisms involved. The condition has been observed in all age-groups and can occur after the use of a wide spectrum of pharmacologic agents. [mdmag.com]

Consequently, an appreciation for the risk factors and pathophysiology of NSAID-induced renal function abnormalities is required for optimal use of these drugs. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology More than 20 drugs fall under the category of NSAID. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In: Pharmacotherapy: a Pathophysiologic Approach. Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM (Eds). McGraw-Hill/Appleton & Lange, OH, USA (2008).Google Scholar 69 Risser A, Donovan D, Heintzman J, Page T. [futuremedicine.com]

STUDY DESIGN: Data were from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite population-based, case-control study of risk factors for birth defects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]