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Organ Transplantation
Grafting Organ
Presentation
- In the present series of four transplant recipients, subsequent primary cutaneous fungal infections presented as papules, plaques, ulcers and subcutaneous nodules. Transplantations included one cardiac, two renal and one renal-pancreatic transplant.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- We describe the case of a liver transplant recipient who presented with an acute febrile illness 1 year after transplantation with a rapidly fatal outcome.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Herein, we present the management of a liver transplantation recipient who presented with AML and comprehensively review the relevant literature.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- On admission, she presented with symptoms compatible with an acute abdomen and with deterioration of renal function. On emergency laparotomy a perforation of the ileum was found.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Recipient 1 was kidney transplanted and presented at day 65 post engraftment with diarrhea and subsequent septicemia and gastric retention. Larvae were detected in gastric aspirate.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
Medication Noncompliance
- He endured rejection episodes and infections but developed bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome earlier than expected mainly owing to his medical noncompliance and gastroesophageal reflux [ 10 ].[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Skin
Subcutaneous Nodule
- In the present series of four transplant recipients, subsequent primary cutaneous fungal infections presented as papules, plaques, ulcers and subcutaneous nodules. Transplantations included one cardiac, two renal and one renal-pancreatic transplant.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
- Recipient A underwent an extensive infectious workup that revealed positive E. chaffeensis DNA from polymerase chain reaction on peripheral blood.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- For example, a status code of "pretransplant workup in progress" indicates the patient is interested in transplantation (step B complete).[doi.org]
- However, the transplantation process involves a series of steps related to medical suitability, interest in transplantation, pretransplant workup, and movement up a waiting list to eventual transplantation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Patients donating a kidney underwent a standard workup, including computed tomographic urography, blood work, urinalysis, medical history intake, and physical examination.[dx.doi.org]
- For example, different groups express definite interest and complete pretransplant workup at different rates. Previous efforts to create fair transplantation policies had focused on people currently on the transplantation waiting list.[en.wikipedia.org]
QT, RR, ST Intervals
Prolonged QT Interval
- Rifampin alone was associated with inadequate immunosuppressant levels, and rifampin plus ketoconazole was associated with a problematically prolonged QT interval and concerns about inadequate tuberculosis treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Microbiology
Alternaria
- The pathogens isolated were Scedosporium apiospermum (Pseudallescheria boydii), Alternaria species, Aspergillus fumigatus, and a coelomycete in the Coniothyrium-Microsphaeropsis complex of dark molds.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- ., dermatophytes) to deeper and more severe ones (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Babesia Microti
- Babesia microti, an intraerythrocytic parasite, is tickborne in nature. In contrast to transmission by blood transfusion, which has been well documented, transmission associated with solid organ transplantation has not been reported.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Human Herpesvirus 8
- Kaposi sarcoma is the most common human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)-related disease described after solid organ transplantation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
- […] rifabutin for the treatment of latent tuberculosis in the posttransplant setting.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- More than 1 guideline exists delineating prevention and treatment options for CMV, and new guidelines are being developed. It is hoped that new treatment algorithms will provide further guidance to the transplantation community.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia usually occurs within the first year and has been attributed to immunosuppressive treatment, infections, or underlying post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The poor outcome pleads for a high level of suspicion and aggressive treatment in at-risk patients.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- […] in the left eye at 18 months post-treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
- Prognosis of head and neck cancer arising in solid organ transplantation recipients is proven to have poor prognosis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Early diagnosis and immediate treatment are critical for a favorable prognosis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In this Grand Round, we review the clinical features, epidemiology, treatment, and prognosis of P multocida infections with a focus on these features in patients who are immunosuppressed. Copyright 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- It is however, widely accepted that the prognosis for heart failure in adults is improving and the new treatments for adult heart failure are beginning to permeate into paediatrics.[doi.org]
- We were accused of draining our hospital’s resources into a costly procedure, but having less favorable prognosis when compared to outcomes of world centers.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Etiology
- The etiology of post-transplantation ARI is poorly understood, with only isolated clinical cases being reported, most imputed to drug toxicity.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Organ procurement organizations (OPOs) and transplant centers should be aware of the potential for Balamuthia infection in donors with encephalitis of uncertain etiology, and OPOs should communicate this elevated risk for infection to transplant centers[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Rabies should be considered in patients with acute progressive encephalitis of unexplained etiology, especially for potential organ donors.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- What This Study Adds: This study of pediatric solid organ transplant recipients identifies an elevated risk of numerous cancer types in addition to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and provides evidence for a key role of Epstein-Barr virus in the etiology of most[pediatrics.aappublications.org]
- Ying Luo, Wen-Bin Ji, Wei-Dong Duan, Sheng Ye and Jia-Hong Dong, Graft cholangiopathy: etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies, Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International, 10.1016/S1499-3872(14)60001-1, 13, 1, (10-17), (2014). A. M.[doi.org]
Epidemiology
- We reviewed medical, laboratory and epidemiological records at our hospital, and the literature concerning cases of organ-transmitted WNV infections and WNV screening of organ donors in Italy and worldwide.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- P multocida is a rare cause of infections in immunocompromised hosts, epidemiologically linked to exposure to cats, dogs, and other animals.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In this article, we describe the epidemiology and risk factors for SSIs in SOT and examine the available literature to guide the use of different regimens for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis for each organ.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Manchester Institute and Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K. 7 Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Epidemiologic investigations, including interviews, environmental assessments, and medical-record reviews, were performed to characterize clinical courses and to determine the cause of the illnesses.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Sex distribution
Age distribution
Pathophysiology
- Transplantation decision-making in aHUS has evolved over this time with expanding knowledge of pathophysiology and genetics, alongside refined plasma exchange and anticoagulation protocols and improved centre experience.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Current Status of Islet Transplantation 40.1 Introduction 40.2 The Burden of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 40.3 Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 40.4 Standard Management of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes 40.5 Indications to Islet Transplantation[elsevier.com]
Prevention
- The first part describes the overall effects of CMV, both direct and indirect; risk factors for CMV infection and disease; methods of diagnosis; and currently available therapies for prevention and treatment.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Prophylaxis against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections is often used to prevent infection from common pathogens during high-risk periods.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The prevention of chronic rejection would clearly improve the survival of patients after heart and lung transplantation.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- This investigation suggests that, particularly in the setting of donor endocarditis, even a standard course of prophylactic antibiotics may not be sufficient to prevent donor-derived infection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- It is hoped that these new agents and personalized immunosuppression will provide for less toxic regimens that are effective in preventing both acute and chronic allograft rejection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]