In under 7 minutes, Michael Linares, RN presents the breakdown of diuretics. Learn the difference between loop, thiazides, potassium sparing, and osmotic. HT: SimpleNursing [qdnurses.com]

They present a case of poisoning with phenobarbital (a long-acting barbiturate), in a 22-year-old woman, showing this same effect. [jamanetwork.com]

· Presents new chapters on pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy and genetic basis of glomerular and structural kidney disorders.. · Provides expanded coverage of the pathophysiology and management of chronic kidney disease. [books.google.ro]

[…] reabsorption is reduced because of increased urine flow rates {decreased contact time between urine and tubular epithelial cells} Clinical Uses: To increase urine volume: may be used to prevent anuria if the kidney due to hemolysis or rhabdomyolysis is presented [pharmacology2000.com]

• Myopathy

  Toxic and drug-induced myopathies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Aug. 80(8):832-8. [Medline]. David WS. Myoglobinuria. Neurol Clin. 2000 Feb. 18(1):215-43. [Medline]. Fernandez WG, Hung O, Bruno GR, Galea S, Chiang WK. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Skin Discoloration

  Adverse Reactions * Teeth, skin: Discoloration and abnormal development of teeth before eruption. [skepticfiles.org]

• Blurred Vision

  vision Hypernatremia Hyperkalemia Hypotension Mannitol when given with Acetazolamide and NSAIDS, may cause acute renal failure. [health-conditions.com]

  * CNS: headache, blurred vision, dizziness, disorientation, convulsions. * GI: nausea, vomiting. Toxicity and Overdosage * Extension of adverse reactions. [skepticfiles.org]

  vision Confusion or nervousness Diarrhea, stomach cramps or pain Loss of appetite Difficult or painful urination Muscle twitches or spasms Joint pain Fever or chills Erectile dysfunction (impotence) or decreased desire for sex Headache or ringing in [drugs.nmihi.com]

• Meningism

  Indications Raised Intracranial Pressure It is common after head injury, brain tumors and in meningitis. To reduce the pressure, mannitol can be given I/V in the form of infusion. [howmed.net]

• Convulsions

  * CNS: headache, blurred vision, dizziness, disorientation, convulsions. * GI: nausea, vomiting. Toxicity and Overdosage * Extension of adverse reactions. [skepticfiles.org]

• Polyuria

  POLYURIA after the release of obstructive uropathy is a clinical entity of considerable medical interest. [nejm.org]

  The result is usually polyuria leading to dehydration if not managed in a timely and appropriate manner. [nataliescasebook.com]

  In addition, the polyuria expected during osmotic diuresis phase was not evident in our case probably as a result of extra renal water loss by diarrhea and febrile state, and by AKI. [scielo.br]

: Osmotic diuretic treatment of refractory edema. Circulation, Vol. XVII, 6: 1013, 1956. [journals.sagepub.com]

Maclean D, Tudhope GR: Modern diuretic treatment. Br Med J 1983; 286: 1419. 9. Narins RG, Chusid P: Diuretic use in critical care. Am J Cardiol 1986; 57: 26A 10. Schuster C-J, et al: Blood volume following diuresis induced by furosemide. [skepticfiles.org]

Howard, a 65-year-old male is prescribed an osmotic diuretic, mannitol, for the treatment of hypertension. Explain how mannitol would affect his blood pressure and his daily urine output. [chegg.com]

Mannitol and glycerol have two therapeutic uses: the decrease of intracranial pressure and cerebral liquid mass before neurosurgical intervention. the decrease of intraocular pressure for the treatment of glaucoma or surgical operation on the eye. [pharmacorama.com]

This clinically oriented reference focuses on diagnosis and treatment of specific diseases, disorders, and complications and incorporates the basic science practicing physicians need to evaluate and manage the disease process. [books.google.com]

Rhabdomyolysis: a review of clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis, and management. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008 Apr. 24(4):262-8. [Medline]. Lima RS, da Silva Junior GB, Liborio AB, Daher Ede F. Acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

DISCUSSION This report illustrates a case of hypernatremia of multifactorial etiology in the intensive care unit (ICU). [scielo.br]

· Presents new chapters on pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy and genetic basis of glomerular and structural kidney disorders.. · Provides expanded coverage of the pathophysiology and management of chronic kidney disease. [books.google.ro]

Each disease-oriented section begins with an up-to-date review of pathophysiology and then focuses on specific diseases. [books.google.com]

The syndrome of rhabdomyolysis: Pathophysiology and diagnosis. Eur J Intern Med. 2007 Mar. 18(2):90-100. [Medline]. Kilfoyle D, Hutchinson D, Potter H, George P. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] antiarrhythmic drugs. 6 iii) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents reduce the efficacy of thiazide diuretics. 6 iv) Thiazides can increase the blood levels of lithium. e) Clinical Uses Thiazides can be used to treat edema associated with a variety of pathophysiologic [uky.edu]

It is important to understand some basic aspects of renal physiology to appreciate the multifactorial pathophysiology of perioperative renal failure. [academic.oup.com]

Sodium bicarbonate is administered IV to alkalinize the urine in patients with rhabdomyolysis because it may prevent the toxicity that can result from the presence of myoglobin in acidic urine and prevent the crystallization of uric acid. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Haynes 2 feels that the maintenance of an adequate urinary flow using dextran produces a beneficial flushing in the renal tubules and is helpful in preventing the precipitation of casts. [jamanetwork.com]

[…] increases with mannitol excretion due to direct osmotic effects sodium reabsorption is reduced because of increased urine flow rates {decreased contact time between urine and tubular epithelial cells} Clinical Uses: To increase urine volume: may be used to prevent [pharmacology2000.com]

The presence of a nonreabsorbable solute such as mannitol prevents the normal absorption of water by interposing a countervailing osmotic force. As a result, urine volume increases. [ipfs.io]

Greene MK, et al: Acetazolamide in prevention of acute mountain sick- ness: a double-blind controlled cross-over study. Br Med J 1981; 183: 811. 8. Maclean D, Tudhope GR: Modern diuretic treatment. Br Med J 1983; 286: 1419. 9. [skepticfiles.org]