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Last updated: 2017-05-04 13:07
Osteoarthritis
OA
Osteoarthritis, also known as osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease, is a degenerative disorder arising from the biochemical breakdown of articular cartilage in the synovial joints. It commonly affects the hands, hips and knees.
Presentation
- A 43-year-old Caucasian woman of normal stature presented with a 24-year history of symmetrical polyarticular OA involving both large and small joints. At the time of presentation, the patient already underwent 6 joint replacement surgeries.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Prior dislocation, with or without subsequent shoulder stabilization surgery, complicates the clinical presentation and increases the risk of OA progression.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- To present the first in a series of articles designed to deconstruct chronic low back pain (CLBP) in older adults.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a 6-month multicomponent exercise program (MCEP) on physical function, cognition, and hemodynamic parameters of elderly normotensive (NTS) and hypertensive (HTS) osteoarthritis patients.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- This is the first report that described a clinical experience concerning two consecutive cases of patients presented with EHOA, PsA and pseudogout.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire body system
Pain
- The dynamics of the pain system (i.e., the adaptive responses to pain) has been widely studied, but mainly from experiments on healthy subjects, whereas less is known about the dynamics of the pain system in chronic pain patients, where the pain system[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- , including bilateral knee pain and ambulatory physical activity.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Widespread pain was associated with pain at the hip (aOR 7.63; 95% CI 1.84 to 31.72) and knee (aOR 4.77; 95% CI 1.58 to 14.41).[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In addition, muscle strength and obesity are predictors of pain, even in structurally normal knees. Lastly, central factors and genetic factors have been implicated in the pain experience.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- In contrast, MRI revealed no bone alterations in thumbs with no pain and less pain in bilateral thumb basal pain, even in radiographically advanced OA.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Difficulty Walking
- Symptoms People with osteoarthritis in the foot or ankle experience, in varying degrees, one or more of the following: Pain and stiffness in the joint Swelling in or near the joint Difficulty walking or bending the joint Some patients with osteoarthritis[foothealthfacts.org]
Arm Pain
- Pain and stiffness in the neck or low back Pain that radiates into the shoulder or down the arm Weakness or numbness in one or both arms Pain or morning stiffness that lasts for about 30 minutes due to inactivity Pain that worsens throughout the day due[aans.org]
Walking with a Cane
- Some examples include: Cushioning shoe inserts can ease the pressure put on the hip joint when walking. Using a cane can provide extra stability.[arthritis-health.com]
Musculoskeletal
Arthritis
- Albeit, it has been recognised for years as an association between EHOA and radiographic evidence of CC, but there are few reports of coexistence of microcrystalline arthritis and PsA.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) comprise the most common forms of arthritis.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Rheumatoid arthritis often affects areas on both sides of the body.[newsmax.com]
- Other types of arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Gout Appendix: Drugs for treating arthritis Resources Glossary Self-care strategies for coping with arthritis: Exercise Even the healthiest people find it difficult to stick with an exercise regimen.[health.harvard.edu]
- Osteoarthritis, also known as osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease, is a degenerative disorder arising from the biochemical breakdown of articular cartilage in the synovial joints.[symptoma.com]
Knee Pain
- , including bilateral knee pain and ambulatory physical activity.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The experimental knee pain areas were larger compared with the OA knee pain areas before the injection.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The prevalence of hip and knee pain was 22.4% and 26.1%, and of hip and knee OA was 11.1% and 14.2%, respectively.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Approximately 3 months postprocedure, she began to notice an improvement in her knee pain with no further recurrence of pain or swelling from her Baker's cyst.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- For example, in the knee, there is consistent evidence that bone marrow lesions, synovitis/effusions and cartilage defects are associated with knee pain and cartilage loss.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Joint Stiffness
- Other symptoms may include: Swelling or tenderness in one or more joints, especially before or during a change in the weather Loss of flexibility of a joint Stiffness after getting out of bed A crunching feeling or sound of bone rubbing on bone Bony lumps[spineuniverse.com]
- Pain and joint stiffness may occur from heavy activity in the hips, knees, hands, and spine but may also happen in small joints such as the base of the thumb and the big toe.[newsmax.com]
- The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is usually confirmed only after irreversible symptoms such as joint pain or joint stiffness have begun.[eurekalert.org]
- Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, occurs when cartilage between the joints wears down over time, which can cause pain, loss of motion, swelling and joint stiffness.[livescience.com]
Joint Swelling
- Symptoms People with osteoarthritis in the foot or ankle experience, in varying degrees, one or more of the following: Pain and stiffness in the joint Swelling in or near the joint Difficulty walking or bending the joint Some patients with osteoarthritis[foothealthfacts.org]
- At the same time, the joint capsule becomes thicker and more synovial (lubricating) fluid is manufactured which makes the joint swell. In addition to cartilage degeneration, bony spurs grow causing inflammation in the surrounding tissues.[netdoctor.co.uk]
- This also can cause pain, joint swelling, and stiffness. Who gets osteoarthritis? There are some factors that can increase your risk of developing osteoarthritis. These include: Your age.[familydoctor.org]
Heberden's Node
- Other symptoms of hand and finger OA include Heberden's nodes CLOSE Heberden’s nodes: small bony knobs that appear on the end joints of fingers. and Bouchards's nodes.[arthritis.com]
- In hand arthritis, the spurs are called Heberden’s nodes . They consist of round, hard, swollen areas that develop around the joint near the fingertips. Heberden’s nodes are a permanent condition and often make your fingers look misshapen.[healthline.com]
- Heberden nodes, or heberden's nodes. I'm not gonna write nodes there, it's the same thing, Heberden's nodes. And these are gonna be in the distal interphalangeal joints. Which are gonna be the last knuckle closest to the fingertips.[khanacademy.org]
- nodes ), the proximal interphalangeal joints ( Bouchard nodes ), (mnemonic H-D, B-P) and the base of the thumb in a bilaterally symmetric fashion.[radiopaedia.org]
Neurologic
Neglect
- Religious needs of patients are consistently being neglected in the clinical medicine. Pastoral care is a religious support which a religious patient receives from priests, chaplains, imams, rabbis or other religious authorities.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
- An 81-year-old woman with bilateral severe knee OA was initially seen and evaluated in an outpatient physiatry clinic after multiple previous workups of her ongoing knee pain.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- See Workup for more detail.[emedicine.medscape.com]
X-ray
Joint Space Narrowing
- We report one such case in a 30-year-old woman with synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip and progressive osteoarthritis caused by femoroacetabular impingement with joint-space narrowing.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- However, it has been shown that the degree of joint space narrowing correlates poorly with the incidence and magnitude of knee pain.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Hand X-rays showed joint space narrowing, osteophytosis and bone sclerosis of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. The DIP joints showed central bone erosion, collapse of the subchondral bone plate and typical "gull-wing" type deformity.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Joint space narrowing characteristically asymmetric in DJD least specific findings for DJD, though present in most cases joint space narrowing in other arthritides is usually symmetric Sclerosis sclerotic changes occur at joint margins frequently seen[radiopaedia.org]
Treatment
- (the treatment A) was alternatively changed with the treatment that included combination of the basic treatment and religious support provided by religious physiatrist and physiotherapist (the treatment B) or combination of the basic treatment and pastoral[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Effective nonsurgical treatments are needed for the management of symptoms.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Current progresses in osteoarthritis management have designed better diversity of treatment approaches. Innovative treatments, such as autologous blood products and mesenchymal stem cells, are in progress.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- We feel that this treatment presents as a promising treatment alternative based on the success demonstrated by this patient's 6-month follow-up.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- […] guidelines and supporting literature to identify the appropriateness of the three treatments.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
- For example, the prognosis for hip osteoarthritis may be different than the prognosis for hand osteoarthritis.[emedicinehealth.com]
- Ultimately, the treatment depends on each individual patient and his or her condition and prognosis. In severe cases of osteoarthritis of the hip, hip replacement surgery may be recommended to reduce pain and increase mobility.[my.clevelandclinic.org]
- Despite knowing that, the prognosis for someone with osteoarthritis is difficult to predict.[osteoarthritis.about.com]
- Prognosis When treated properly, symptoms of osteoarthritis can usually be well-controlled. However, it is a long-lasting disease that may require ongoing care and possible changes in treatment over time. External resources Arthritis Foundation P.O.[drugs.com]
Etiology
- However, the etiology of this condition is still largely unknown. We report the clinical course of an elderly man with knee OA.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Although thumb carpametacarpal joint (CMJ) OA is also frequently encountered, the etiologies remain largely unknown.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The risk regulatory pathways may provide clues for the etiology of OA and be a potential resource for the discovery of novel OA-associated disease genes.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12885713 of calmodulin 1 gene (CALM1) has been reported to involve in the etiology of osteoarthritis (OA) in several association studies with limited sample size and conflicting results.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- These results suggest that gene-gene interactions in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play a role in the etiology of KOA.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
- In particular, occupational epidemiological studies have provided evidence that activities resulting in biomechanical overload may be linked with an increased risk of knee OA - also among farmers.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Knowledge of the epidemiology and potentially modifiable factors associated with musculoskeletal disease is an important first step in injury prevention among elite athletes.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- While epidemiological studies have reported a potential role for hypercholesterolemia (HCE) in osteoarthritis (OA), the association between HCE and OA has yet to be clarified.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Volume II of The Epidemiologic of Chronic Rheumatism. Oxford, Blackwell, 1963.[physio-pedia.com]
Sex distribution
Age distribution
Pathophysiology
- Plain radiographs and MRI examinations performed during follow-up suggested that the pathophysiology of the patient's knee OA and joint pain may have been primarily due to bone alterations.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- The knee joint contains adipose tissue in the form of the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), which has been shown to contribute to the pathophysiology of OA in the knee via the secretion of inflammatory mediators.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- It should be noted that OA is the result of an interlocking pathophysiologic malfunction of cartilage and bone metabolism.[medstarorthopaedicinstitute.org]
- Pathophysiology Normal joints have little friction with movement and do not wear out with typical use, overuse, or most trauma. Hyaline cartilage is avascular, aneural, and alymphatic.[merckmanuals.com]
Prevention
- Learn More OA Prevention Preventing the onset of OA through effective injury prevention and weight management strategies. Learn More Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and affects approximately 30.8 million Americans.[oaaction.unc.edu]
- Physiotherapists may assist in secondary prevention of PTOA by promoting PA, addressing knee confidence, and educating about long-term joint health.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Is OA Preventable? Yes, and since there's no cure for OA, prevention is your best bet. You can lower your risk by staying physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, and preventing injuries to your joints.[prevention.com]
- […] block LPS-mediated inflammatory response and MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 induction in human primary OA chondrocytes via MAPKs/NF-kB pathways, suggesting that OC may be a promising agent for the treatment of inflammation in cartilage and a potential molecule to prevent[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Knowledge of the epidemiology and potentially modifiable factors associated with musculoskeletal disease is an important first step in injury prevention among elite athletes.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]