We present 2 new cases and review the literature for the clinical presentation and morphological appearances of the cysts and balls. We also present our histology findings on a third case reported in the international literature. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation A 42-year-old woman underwent an ultrasound for an ovarian mass. Caption: Sagittal image of the right adnexa Description: A complex cystic mass is seen in the right adnexa, replacing the entire right ovary. [sonoworld.com]

• Anemia

  Hemolytic anemia related to ovarian tumor. Obstet Gynecol 1974;43:276-80. 2. Salem S, Rumack CM, Wilson SR. The uterus and adnexa. In: Hurley RA, Corra E, editors. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 2 nd ed., Vol. 1. Cambridge: Mosby Year Book; 1998. p. 558. 3. [mjdrdypu.org]

  The most common clinical symptoms are pressure, pelvic pain, and irregular bleed, but sometimes it may result from complications such as torsion, rupture, peritonitis, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia [4]. [kamj.eg.net]

  Dermoid cysts and Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Although it is are in patients with mature cystic teratoma, autoimmune hemolytic anemia may be encountered. The main reasons for this may be the followings: 1. [dermoidkist.org]

  Definition / general Mature if only contains adult tissues Usually teenage women (solid) or children (cystic) Excellent prognosis, even if peritoneal implants are present Rarely associated with hemolytic anemia May rupture into peritoneal cavity causing [pathologyoutlines.com]

  […] risk of torsion Usually produces acute and severe pain Rupture Rare May lead to shock, hemorrhage, or chemical peritonitis Rupture often leads to the formation of fibrous tissue Usually produces acute and severe pain Infection Rare Autoimmune hemolytic anemia [learningradiology.com]

• Inflammation

  However, no signs of malignancy were found, and it was concluded that the fistula formation was due to inflammation. [springerplus.springeropen.com]

  […] and Metastatic Malignant Melanoma in an Ovarian Cystic Teratoma. ( 24715550 ) GenAs M....CelA+k E. 2014 11 Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in an ovarian cystic teratoma: expanding the spectrum of large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation [malacards.org]

  The cyst was showing surrounding inflammation with invasion into anterior superior wall of the Urinary bladder. Left sided salpingo-oophorectomy was done with partial cystectomy and bladder repair. [medcraveonline.com]

  Second, the accessory ovary can occur from acquired conditions such as inflammation and operations. [synapse.koreamed.org]

• Infertility

  Causes of Infertility The Advanced Fertility Preservation Institute (AFPI) was developed with you and your future family in mind. How To Choose a Specialist Choosing the right place for infertility treatment is very important. [surgery.drcharlesmiller.com]

  Infertility can occur as a result of ovarian tumours or their treatment. However, the role of cysts in infertility is controversial and the effects of surgical treatment are often more harmful than the cyst itself to the ovarian reserve. [patient.info]

  Unexplained infertility. lst ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Pardo J, Kaplan B, Rosenberg C, Ovadia Y, Neri A. A modified transvaginal sonographic technique for better ovarian evaluation. JCU 1993;21:503-5. [fetalsono.com]

  Furthermore, teratomas of the fallopian tube have been associated with subfertility, infertility, irregular menstruation, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, ectopic pregnancy, adnexal masses and lower abdominal pain ( 8 – 12 ). [spandidos-publications.com]

  If you are Caucasian, over 40, infertile, have a history of breast cancer, have ovarian cysts in your bloodline, and have the BRCA gene mutation then you may have an increased risk of developing cystadenocarcinoma – an ovarian tumor. [natural-fertility-prescription.com]

• Weight Loss

  A 49-year-old woman with a history of weight loss and abdominal distension was referred to UCLH. She underwent laparotomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a large right ovarian tumour. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  This mainly occur when a loop of the small intestine becomes adherent to the mass. [9] Non-specific signs of wasting such as cachexia and weight loss may be found in advanced cases. [cancerjournal.net]

  She had no associated dysmenorrhea or body weight loss. Physical examination was unremarkable except for a palpable mass on the left side of the distended abdomen. [fertstert.org]

  Other non-specific signs of wasting disease, such as weight loss or cachexia may be found in advanced cases. [jpma.org.pk]

• Precocious Puberty

  Página 84 - Somatomedin-C in normal puberty and in true precocious puberty before and after treatment with a potent luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist. ‎ Página 368 - HJ. [books.google.es]

• Overeating

  Anahtar Kelimeler: Dermoid kist, manyetik rezonans goruntuleme, tomografi, over Main content Source Citation Source Citation Sahin, Hilal, et al. [go.gale.com]

  As radiologic and biochemical investigations were not helpful for identifying cases with coincidental malignancies, conservative management for mature cystic teratomas in women over age 50 is not appropriate. (J GYNECOL SURG 32:104) [liebertpub.com]

  Anahtar Kelimeler : Over tümörleri; teratom; karsinom; hücre dönüşümü, neoplastik [turkiyeklinikleri.com]

  C, who lives in a village over 150km from the state capital, where she presented. Most people in the rural community have a poor perception of hospitals. [pjms.com.pk]

  The main use of CA 125 is in assessing response over time to treatment for malignancy. [patient.info]

• Loss of Appetite

  She gave no history of weight loss, loss of appetite and no bowel/bladder-related symptoms. Clinical examinations showed a lump palpable just below the umbilicus. The mass was cystic and non-tender with well-defined margins. [jpma.org.pk]

  She had no complains of breathlessness, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite or weight and bowel/bladder disturbances. She had regular menstrual cycle. [jtd.amegroups.com]

• Failure to Thrive

  At that time, she presented with high fever, recurrent episodes of diarrhoea, oral thrush, and failure to thrive, with the weight of only 12kg. PIDD screening showed low T cell, very low B cell counts, and low immunoglobulin levels (Table 1). [hindawi.com]

• Chest Pain

  When symptoms are present, they relate to mechanical effects including chest pain, cough, dyspnea, or symptoms related to recurrent pneumonitis. [jtd.amegroups.com]

  When symptoms are present, they relate to mechanical effects and include chest pain, cough, dyspnea, or symptoms related to recurrent pneumonitis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  pain and/or respiratory symptoms. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Thrombosis

  We observed deep vein thrombosis during her preoperative screening and thus began preoperative heparinization. [karger.com]

• Tachycardia

  Effects of carcinoid syndrome include facial flushing, hypotension, diarrhoea, tachycardia and bronchoconstriction [9]. Conclusion MCTs are the most common germ cell tumour of the ovary, but malignant transformation is exceedingly rare. [ecancer.org]

• Flushing

  After surgery, flushing episodes disappeared, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and normetanephrine levels normalized. Octreoscan® and CT performed six months after surgery were normal. [elsevier.es]

  Facial flushing produced in patients with carcinoid syndrome by intravenous adrenaline and noradrenaline. Lancet, 1959, 2(7105):715–716. 32. Djurovic M, Damjanovic S, Tatic S, Micev M, Cetkovic A, Petakov M, Djukovic V. [jmpr.info]

  Effects of carcinoid syndrome include facial flushing, hypotension, diarrhoea, tachycardia and bronchoconstriction [9]. Conclusion MCTs are the most common germ cell tumour of the ovary, but malignant transformation is exceedingly rare. [ecancer.org]

  […] histamine, tachykinin, bradykinin, kallikrein, corticotrophin, substance P, motilin, and prostaglandins. [7] Persistent systemic exposure to large quantities of these hormones and biogenic amines can result in carcinoid syndrome, the classical triad of flushing [ccij-online.org]

• Ulcer

  Endoscopic examination of the lower gastrointestinal tract to investigate diarrhea revealed an ulcerative lesion with hair in the rectal wall adjacent to the ovarian cyst, and formation of a fistula from the ovarian teratoma into the rectum was suspected [springerplus.springeropen.com]

  Up until February 2008, the section focused on tropical infectious diseases, such as Buruli ulcer, trachoma, and hookworm. [journals.plos.org]

  In immunocompromised individuals, primary infection or reactivation of latent virus can lead to opportunistic infection of multiple organ systems, including the skin (eg, rashes, ulcers, pustules), lungs (eg, interstitial pneumonitis), gastrointestinal [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Hirsutism

  These patients usually have menstrual cycle irregularities and either typical clinical signs of hirsutism, obesity, infertility, acne, male balding pattern or biochemically show increased androgen levels. [radiologyassistant.nl]

• Adnexal Mass

  Caption: Another view of the right adnexal mass Description: The cystic mass with the mobile contents seen again. [sonoworld.com]

  We have 47-year-old woman who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy for right adnexal mass. As her ultrasound report revealed a right adnexal mass with solid and cystic components. [jnhrc.com.np]

  The identification of fat via CT or MRI, tooth components with plain radiograph, or a cystic adnexal mass with some mural components using US, allow the diagnostic of mature cystic ovarian teratoma. [posterng.netkey.at]

  Management of adnexal masses. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2007;110(1):201–214. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 2. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) Management of Adnexal Masses in Premenopausal Women. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  Most patients with MCTs are asymptomatic, but they may also present with abdominal pain, a palpable abdominal mass or vaginal bleeding. [ecancer.org]

  CASE REPORT A 39 year old woman presented with a three month history of abdominal distension and an episode of abnormal per vaginal bleeding. [jcp.bmj.com]

  At the time of diagnosis, the most common symptoms are lower abdominal pain, a palpable abdominal mass, ascites and abnormal vaginal bleeding [ 2 ]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Amenorrhea

  It is a bit prominent, but is still likely to be normal Post-menopausal Post-menopause is defined as 1 year or more of amenorrhea. In Western countries the average age of menopause is 51-53 years. [radiologyassistant.nl]

• Hot Flushes

  Persistent hot flushes in older postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med, 168 (2008), pp. 840-846 [8] E. Seregni, L. Ferrari, E. Bajetta, A. Martinetti, E. Bombardieri. Clinical significance of blood chromogranin A measurement in neuroendocrine tumors. [elsevier.es]

[…] histopathologic features with data from ancillary techniques such as immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics and discussions of the relevant clinical manifestations of gynecological diseases to provide you with the necessary tools to make a comprehensive diagnostic workup [books.google.com]

An extensive diagnostic workup was performed, including fluorescein angiography, serologic testing for infectious etiologies including syphilis and tuberculosis and a temporal artery biopsy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] shadowing calcific or dental (tooth) components the presence of fluid-fluid levels 5 multiple thin, echogenic bands caused by the hair in the cyst cavity: the dot-dash pattern color Doppler: no internal vascularity internal vascularity requires further workup [radiopaedia.org]

• Ovarian Mass

  Presentation A 42-year-old woman underwent an ultrasound for an ovarian mass. Caption: Sagittal image of the right adnexa Description: A complex cystic mass is seen in the right adnexa, replacing the entire right ovary. [sonoworld.com]

  Imaging of ovarian masses: Magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1991;34:443-51. John EM, Whittemore AS, Harris R, Itnyre J, Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group. [fetalsono.com]

  A 55-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic right ovarian mass, showing features of cystic teratoma according to preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  No ovarian mass was detected on CT scan performed 5 years earlier, and an ovarian mass should have been observed on CT scan (Figure 2B). The patient was discharged to her home. [journals.sagepub.com]

  […] uterine leiomyoma Retain product of conception (RPOC) Retained products of conception Right ovarian mass – dermoid Right ovarian torsion Rupturing ectopic pregnancy Second And Third Trimester Subseptate uterus Succenturiate lobe of placenta Threatened [play.google.com]

• Polyps

  Serous carcinoma in endometrial polyps. Mod Pathol 1990;3:120-128. 8. Lauchlan SC. Tubal (serous) carcinoma of the endometrium. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1981;105:615-618. 9. Bokhman JV. Two pathogenetic types of endometirla carcinoma. [cogprints.org]

Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Use of cisplatin and dacarbazine may be considered in a patient with metastatic disease. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Moreover, we review systematically the disease from the following aspects, that origin, clinical characteristics, accessory examination, pathological features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In this study, the incidence, histologic types, and prognosis of the malign transformed MCT were assessed. [turkiyeklinikleri.com]

The review indicates that prognosis of adenocarcinoma is as poor as that for squamous cell carcinoma arising from a MCT. Conclusions: In general, as with this case, prognosis of advanced adenocarcinoma associated with a MCT is poor. [karger.com]

The etiology of ectopic ovary is poorly understood. The ectopic ovaries may occur in two ways. [synapse.koreamed.org]

An extensive diagnostic workup was performed, including fluorescein angiography, serologic testing for infectious etiologies including syphilis and tuberculosis and a temporal artery biopsy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The etiology of autoamputation is either congenital [3] or acquired, but is usually thought to be acquired, as these two structures have different embryologic origins [4]. [wjso.biomedcentral.com]

Etiology CMV retinitis is caused by cytomegalovirus, a double stranded DNA virus in the herpesviridae family. It is often associated with HIV/AIDS and was extremely rare prior to the AIDS epidemic. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Katsube Y, Berg J W, Silverberg S G 1982 Epidemiologic pathology of ovarian tumours: a histopathologic review of primary ovarian neoplasms diagnosed in the Denver Standard Metropolitan statistical Area, 1 July – 31 December 1969 and 1 July 31 December [cogprints.org]

However, there is the lack of epidemiological report on the incidence of CMV retinitis in the AIDS patients in China. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

Risk factors for benign, borderline and invasive mucinous ovarian tumors: epidemiological evidence of a neoplastic continuum? Gynecol Oncol 2007; 107:223–230. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

Epidemiology of the ocular complications of HIV infection in Chiang Mai. J Med Assoc Thai. 2003;86(5):399-40612859094 PubMed Google Scholar 4. [jamanetwork.com]

Epidemiology of Benign Cystic Teratoma Sacrococcygeal teratomas are considered as the most common neoplasm in newborns, with an estimated incidence of 1 per 20,000 births. [lecturio.com]

Removal of benign cysts does not decrease future mortality from ovarian cancer. 1,3-5 Back to Top Pathophysiology Provided below is a brief description of the pathophysiology of various types of physiologic and neoplastic ovarian cysts and the potential [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

Josep Dalmau and colleagues in the Department of Neurology at the University of Pennsylvania published a series of papers documenting a link between encephalitis and ovarian teratomas. 1-5 The pathophysiologic connection is thought to be the presence [mdedge.com]

Pathophysiology of Benign Cystic Teratoma Teratomas are germ-cell tumors arising from one or more of the three germ-cell layers. [lecturio.com]

Pathophysiology: Teratomas are made up of a variety of parenchymal cell types representative of more than a single germ layer, usually all 3. Arising from totipotential cells, these tumors typically are midline or para-axial. [csh.org.tw]

Pathophysiology CMV reaches the retina hematogenously and infects the vascular endothelium which then spreads to the retinal cells. Impaired CD4 cell function permits uncontrolled CMV replication. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Ovarian dermoid cysts may be visible on plain abdominal radiograph, largely to the calcific 'tooth' component, with on occasion the subtle appearance of adjacent low density due to fat. 3 Treatment is typically surgical resection to prevent torsion or [apamedcentral.org]

Watanabe et al. described a surgical technique to prevent spillage of cyst fluid during operation of cystic ovarian tumors in the pediatric population. [jiaps.com]

Back to Top Prevention and Screening Prevention Oral contraceptives may prevent new functional cysts from forming. 18-19 Oral contraceptives do not, however, hasten the resolution of preexisting cysts. [clevelandclinicmeded.com]

If you had CMV retinitis in the past, ask your provider if you need treatment to prevent its return. Cytomegalovirus retinitis Crumpacker CS. Cytomegalovirus (CMV). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. [medlineplus.gov]

Unless immune recovery ensues, she will require lifelong monitoring and antiviral therapy for prevention of CMV reactivation. 4. [hindawi.com]