Presentation
We report a case of pancreatic atrophy following blunt injury in an 8 year old boy who presented 3 years later with diabetes mellitus. Further analysis revealed significant genetic predisposition to diabetes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
New onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) is being evaluated as one such presentation. [gastro.org]
We report a 12-year female who presented with simultaneous celiac disease and acute pancreatitis Case Presentation A 12-year girl was referred to the ER with one day history of severe epigastric abdominal pain and vomiting. [omicsonline.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Upper Abdominal Pain
Some symptoms of this condition are upper abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss and stool that appears greasy. [reference.com]
Chronic pancreatitis may present with upper abdominal pain, signs of obstructive jaundice or duodenal obstruction, or exocrine/endocrine dysfunction of the pancreas itself (malabsorption, hyperglycemia). [med-ed.virginia.edu]
Some patients eventually suffer constant abdominal pain. [medicalnewstoday.com]
Ultrasonography is the first modality to be used in patients presenting with upper abdominal pain, although the direct diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is not always possible. [emedicine.medscape.com]
Along with tenderness, the upper abdominal muscles may be rigid; however, this is rare in the lower abdominal region. In rare cases, severe peritoneal irritation can lead to a rigid and board-like abdomen. [physio-pedia.com]
- Foul-Smelling Stools
Foul smelling stools & gas. Gut problems where attributed to IBS. What is the ca … read more Dr. Arun Phophalia Doctor (MD) Post-Doctoral Degree 19,897 satisfied customers You have a friend who thinks she has a "hormone problem." [justanswer.com]
Steatorrhea, or bulky, oily, and foul-smelling stools, occurs in late stages of the disease when the majority of the ancinar cells have been destroyed and less than 10% of normal lipase levels is being produced, resulting in fat maldigestion. [physio-pedia.com]
- Flatulence
As chronic pancreatitis progresses, and the ability of the pancreas to produce digestive juices deteriorates, the following symptoms may appear: smelly and greasy stools bloating abdominal cramps flatulence Eventually, the pancreas may not be able to [medicalnewstoday.com]
This pain is typically located in the epigastric and left upper quadrant with referral into the upper left lumbar region, and is frequently associated with nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, flatulence, and weight loss. [physio-pedia.com]
- Abdominal Cramps
These will ease bloating, make their feces less greasy and foul-smelling, and help any abdominal cramps. [medicalnewstoday.com]
- Chronic Abdominal Pain
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Treatment
Pancreatic atrophy has recently been reported in 2 patients as a novel side effect after long-term sorafenib treatment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
After 3 months of sorafenib treatment, the patient developed intermittent grade 2 diarrhea, which resolved when treatment was interrupted and recurred when treatment was reinitiated. [ascopost.com]
Treatment for chronic pancreatitis can involve managing the pain and addressing flare-ups. This includes prescribing pain medications and antioxidants. [reference.com]
Without treatment, this could not be possible. [my.clevelandclinic.org]
Prognosis
What does this mean -source my 83 year old moms brain mri what does this mean -source my 83 year old moms brain mri and what is the prognosis conclusion Atrophy chronic ischemic changes no eveidence of accute intercanriel hemmorrage … read more Dr. [justanswer.com]
However, the long-term prognosis and outcome of AIP remain unclear. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
MSI-H has been reported as a marker for better prognosis. Individualizing chemoradiation by use of predictive markers for response or resistance to therapy is important in patients with advanced disease or candidacy for adjuvant therapy. [kiss.kstudy.com]
Prognosis The overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer is poor, with less than 5% survival at 5 years from diagnosis. [surgwiki.com]
Etiology
The common etiology in all these processes is fat malabsorption, steatorrhea, saponification of calcium, and absorption of free oxalate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
It occurs principally with fatty replacement of the pancreas (pancreatic lipomatosis), and the etiology overlaps considerably. [radiopaedia.org]
Current science supports multiple etiologies that converge on one common biochemical pathway. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]
The etiology for acute pancreatitis includes gallstones (40%), alcohol abuse (30%-35%), andidiopathic causes (20%). [appliedradiology.com]
The etiologies of pancreatitis were listed in the previous table. [med-ed.virginia.edu]
Epidemiology
Chronic Pancreatitis - Epidemiology Little is known about the epidemiology of chronic pancreatitis in children. The prevalence is less than that of acute pancreatitis, but the incidence may be increasing. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]
Epidemiological study by Ludvigsson et al. [ 5 ] has suggested that patients with celiac disease have a higher risk than the general population for the development of acute pancreatitis. [omicsonline.org]
[…] present diffusely in dilated ducts Micro description: pancreatic ducts with denuded epithelium, squamous metaplasia, periductal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, acinar and islets atrophy, fibrosis Infectious pancreatitis: In immunocompromised patients Epidemiology [pathologyoutlines.com]
Epidemiology of pancreatic calcification The frequency of pancreatic calcification in AIP ranges from 4% to 40%[ 14, 29, 30, 32, 34 – 36, 38, 41, 42 ]. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Pathophysiology
This Primer highlights the major progress that has been made in understanding the pathophysiology, presentation, prevalence and management of chronic pancreatitis and its complications. [natureasia.com]
[…] metabolism for energy - Leads to metabolic acidosis - Little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas - Formerly known as juvenile onset or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) - Most often occurs in people under 30 y/o Type 1 DM etiology and pathophysiology [quizlet.com]
These studies, taken together, provide a striking indication that the disease process leading to type 1 diabetes can produce pathophysiological changes in the exocrine pancreas before the onset of hyperglycaemia, opening up a fascinating new area for [diapedia.org]
Acute Pancreatitis - Pathophysiology Acute pancreatitis is a reversible process characterized by the presence of interstitial edema, infiltration by acute inflammatory cells, and varying degrees of necrosis, apoptosis, and hemorrhage. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]
These results suggest a possible deterioration in pancreatic exocrine or endocrine function in stone-forming patients with AIP over a long-term course, albeit with a different pathophysiology from that of ordinary chronic pancreatitis. [ojrd.biomedcentral.com]
Prevention
It may be possible to use induced hypergastrinemia in the treatment or prevention of pancreatic insufficiency following resection or injury. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention Patients with acute pancreatitis significantly reduce their risk of developing chronic pancreatitis if they give up drinking alcohol. This is especially the case for patients who drink heavily and regularly. [medicalnewstoday.com]
"Another may be that preventive strategies aimed at preserving the mass of the pancreas might help to combat disease development," he added, noting that this would require a better understanding of the potential mechanisms by which diabetes is linked [medpagetoday.com]
Therefore, treatment is directed at minimising the progression of the disease and preventing complications. [surgwiki.com]