Furthermore, we review the current research surrounding BACM, overview the clinical presentation to healthcare professionals, and present an interesting case of a child presenting for the second time with BACM. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] patients presented with the symptom (p 2 ). [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

  We report a child with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), aged 16 months. The histological findings of tonsils, spleen, and bone marrow revealed many hemophagocytic cells. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Poor Growth

  Live attenuated RSV strains in particular are difficult to develop due to their poor growth and physical instability, but these obstacles could be avoided by the use of a vaccine vector. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Periodic Breathing

  Apnea and periodic breathing were observed in 1 patient, opsoclonus-myoclonus in another, and disease mimicking herpes encephalitis in the third. All 3 patients recovered without neurologic residua. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Mild Clinical Course

  A case of parainfluenza virus-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy in a Caucasian child with a mild clinical course and excellent prognosis is presented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Hepatosplenomegaly

  A 33-year-old Chilean man with fever secondary to parainfluenza 2 virus infection developed progressive cholestasis, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia and an increased ferritin level (>2000 IU/L). A bone marrow analysis showed hemophagocytosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Calf Pain

  Presentation is typically with acute onset calf pain and tenderness and refusal to walk or altered gait during the convalescent period of an influenza A or B infection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Guillain-Barré Syndrome

  Thus, parainfluenza viruses may be responsible for a portion of cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  […] hospitalisation with certain HPIVs has a strong association with febrile seizures. [23] HPIV-4B has the strongest association (up to 62%) followed by hPIV-3 and -1. [3] HPIVs have also been linked with rare cases of virally caused meningitis [24] and Guillain–Barré [en.wikipedia.org]

• Myoclonus

  Apnea and periodic breathing were observed in 1 patient, opsoclonus-myoclonus in another, and disease mimicking herpes encephalitis in the third. All 3 patients recovered without neurologic residua. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Lymphopenia

  These findings suggest that mogamulizumab accomplished complete remission of ATL, while the chemotherapy-induced prolonged lymphopenia caused fatal pneumonia and viremia due to HPIV-1. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  75 Community acquired 68 (85) 100 (83) Nosocomially acquired 12 (15) 20 (17) Type of PIV .32 Type I 12 (15) 10 (8) Type II 2 (3) 4 (3) Type III 66 (82) 106 (88) Neutropenia at the time of diagnosis of PIV (ANC < 500/μL) 38/80 (48) 13/115 (11) < .0001 Lymphopenia [bloodjournal.org]

• Complement Fixing Antibody

  Neutralizing antibodies appear simultaneously with HAI antibodies and complement fixing antibodies appear at around the same time. B. [virology-online.com]

• Viral Inclusion Body

  IMPORTANCE: Inclusion bodies (IBs) are unique structures generated by viral proteins and some cellular proteins as a platform for efficient viral replication. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies

  Although ATL cells were not detected in the autopsied lungs and a variety of other tissues, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which are commonly observed in RNA viral infection, were abundantly observed in the autopsied lung tissue. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment of A549 cells with α2,3 linkage-specific sialyltransferase increased infectivities of both hPIV1 and hPIV3, whereas α2,6 linkage-specific sialyltransferase treatment increased only hPIV3 infectivity. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment : Most infections in adults and older children are mild and recovery takes place without treatment, unless the person is very old or has an abnormal immune system. [en.vircell.com]

Once a child is infected, treatment is supportive (aimed at alleviating the symptoms present). Because a virus causes the infection, antibiotics are not useful. [stanfordchildrens.org]

The prognosis was originally reported as grave; however, a mild form of the disease has recently been described. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Akt/PKB activation in gastric carcinomas correlates with clinicopathologic variables and prognosis; Nam SY, Lee HS, Jung GA, Choi J, Cho SJ, Kim MK, Kim WH, Lee BL; APMIS. 2003 Dec;111(12):1105-13. [ncf-net.org]

While not all hemorrhagic pneumonias are caused by very contagious agents, the etiology must be correctly determined in order to administer appropriate patient care. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Viral etiology and epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children in Nairobi, Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1988 ;39:632-40. [ Links ] 20. Lina B., Valette M., Foray S., et al. [scielo.br]

Bacterial etiologies of some of the common upper respiratory tract infections may be primary or superinfections of the original viral processes and are amenable to treatment ( Table 75–1 ). [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

The epidemiologic relatedness of hPIV-3 strains was investigated by sequencing of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion protein genes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiological Features HPIVs are spread from respiratory secretions through close contact with infected persons or contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. [gov.uk]

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the study population and of children infected by HPIV are showed in the Table 1. [scielo.br]

This work demonstrates the promise of mNGS for providing rapid information for infection prevention in addition to microbial detection. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In outbreak and cluster settings, to prevent onward transmission, strict attention to infection control measures such as hand washing and wearing protective equipments should decrease or prevent spread of infection. [gov.uk]

Prevention and Treatment Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent HPIV infection. However, researchers are trying to develop vaccines. Also, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HPIV illness. [cdc.gov]