Children with enteric fever presented with sudden onset of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. of fever presented with sudden onset Diarrhea occurred in 62% of children with paratyphoid fever and 36% of children with typhoid fever. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Vietnamese

  It has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in Vietnamese children aged 2–5 years, providing protective efficacy of 91.5% [ 20 ], and is undergoing evaluation in younger age groups. [doi.org]

• Hunting

  McCormick of McCormick & Company, Hunt Valley, Maryland. Potential conflicts of interest. [doi.org]

• Borborygmi

  Abdominal distension with right lower quadrant tenderness and increased borborygmi. Diarrhoea, typically green, with a characteristic foul smell, often compared to pea soup. Constipation may also occur. Hepatosplenomegaly is common. [patient.info]

• Abdominal Distension

  Marked abdominal distension develops and liquid, foul, green-yellow diarrhoea is common. The patient is weak with a weak pulse and raised respiratory rate. Crackles may develop over the lung bases. [patient.info]

• Right Lower Quadrant Tenderness

  Abdominal distension with right lower quadrant tenderness and increased borborygmi. Diarrhoea, typically green, with a characteristic foul smell, often compared to pea soup. Constipation may also occur. Hepatosplenomegaly is common. [patient.info]

• Abdominal Tenderness

  The major clinical features were fever (97%), abdominal tenderness (-9.4%), headache and abdominal pain (70.58%) each). Intestinal perforation was the commonest complication (27.9%) with a male preponderance (M:F-3:1). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Slow Pulse

  Relatively slow pulse (possibly dicrotic). Abdominal distension with increased bowel sounds. Tenderness in the right iliac fossa on firm pressure. A roseolar eruption confined principally to the abdomen and chest. Splenomegaly. Bronchial catarrh. [patient.info]

• Papilledema

  Unusual findings included the rarity of rose spots, patients with fever as their only symptom, two patients with transient papilledema, and two others with peripheral blood smears suggestive of acute leukemia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Positive Widal Test

  Positive Widal's test. Week three By the third week there is considerable weight loss. Pyrexia persists and a toxic confusional state may occur. Marked abdominal distension develops and liquid, foul, green-yellow diarrhoea is common. [patient.info]

Co-trimoxazole is an effective drug in the treatment of enteric fevers with respect to clinical cure, absence of relapses and the mild nature of short term toxic drug effects. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The risk of death is between 10 and 15% without treatment, while with treatment, it may be less than 1%. Paratyphoid fever resembles typhoid fever. [en.wikipedia.org]

Treatment with antibiotics alone was once favoured but simple closure and drainage are required. [patient.info]

[…] of fever clearance time and treatment failure [ 46 ]. [doi.org]

Thus, the administration of the anti-viral agent entecavir may greatly improve the prognosis of this patient with chronic hepatitis B, and the episodes of paratyphoid fever and hepatitis A infection prompt the use of timely antiviral therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis Most patients with paratyphoid fever recover completely, although intestinal complications can result in death. With early treatment, the mortality rate is less than 1%. [web.archive.org]

Prognosis In the days before antibiotics, mortality was 20%. Between 10-20% of patients treated with antibiotics have a relapse, usually a week after stopping the antibiotic (although it can be much later). [patient.info]

Epidemiological and laboratory investigations were conducted to determine the etiology, source and transmission factors of the outbreak. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Cause The causative bacterial agent of typhoid fever is Salmonella typhi whereas the etiology of paratyphoid fever is salmonella paratyphi. Both these bacteria are of the same species yet the latter is less invasive in nature. [pediaa.com]

Analysis of data gaps pertaining to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infections in low and medium human development index countries, 1984–2005, Epidemiol Infect, 2008, vol. 136 (pg. 436 - 48 ) 9 Etiology of community-acquired bloodstream infections [doi.org]

However, the epidemiologic and laboratory characteristics of paratyphoid fever in the United States have never been studied. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiologic trends Despite the limitations of currently available epidemiologic data, a number of recent trends in enteric disease epidemiology have emerged in the African, Asian, and Latin American regions. [doi.org]

Cause, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment of Paratyphoid Fever The pathophysiology, risk factors and causative agents of this illness are exactly similar to those of Typhoid fever and signs and symptoms are comparatively quite milder with an [pediaa.com]

This article forms part of our travel medicine series for 2010, providing a summary of prevention strategies and vaccinations for infections that may be acquired by travellers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Results Efficacy of Ty21a in preventing typhoid fever. [doi.org]