PMID: 26864383 (This article is OPEN ACCESS if you would like to read it) The researchers who wrote this article were presented with a 10 member Indian family from Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. [scienceofparkinsons.com]

Acronym PARK20 Keywords Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. [uniprot.org]

PRKN -associated EOPD was initially thought to present with dystonia and brisk reflexes. [touchneurology.com]

Challenges of Young Onset Disease First of all, those with young onset disease don’t necessarily present the same way as their older counterparts. [verywell.com]

My dream was to be a film director or a TV presenter and I never lost sight of that. I worked so hard at college that I got a distinction. [dailymail.co.uk]

• Postural Instability

  Definition An early-onset form of Parkinson disease, a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, muscular rigidity and postural instability, as well as by a clinically significant response to treatment with levodopa [uniprot.org]

  […] thereof) is used to rate the degree of postural instability. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Other characteristic symptoms of Parkinson disease include rigidity or stiffness of the limbs and torso, slow movement (bradykinesia) or an inability to move (akinesia), and impaired balance and coordination (postural instability). [icdlist.com]

  It causes motor dysfunctions, such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity and postural instability. [clinicaltrials.gov]

• Shuffling Gait

  Shuffling gait MedGen UID: 68545 • Concept ID: C0231688 • Finding A type of gait (walking) characterized by by dragging one's feet along or without lifting the feet fully from the ground. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Motor symptoms: Tremor Slow movement (bradykinesia) Rigidity and freezing in place Stooped posture Shuffling gait Decreased arm swing when walking Trouble getting up from a chair Small, cramped handwriting (micrographia) Lack of facial expression Slowed [cedars-sinai.edu]

It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice . [uniprot.org]

While it’s been reported he died in the hospital undergoing treatment for respiratory complications, Ali fought Parkinson’s disease for the last three decades of his life. [ahchealthenews.com]

Early onset patients also suffer an increased rate of dystonia initially and during treatment. With regards to management, younger patients have an increased rate of dyskinesias in response to L-DOPA treatment. [verywell.com]

Although these conditions are associated with significantly lower quality of life, they may improve with treatment. [aafp.org]

These include: supportive treatments – such as physiotherapy and occupational therapy medication in some cases, brain surgery You may not need any treatment during the early stages of Parkinson's disease, as symptoms are usually mild. [nhs.uk]

Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 53 (EIEE53) [MIM:617389]: A form of epileptic encephalopathy, a heterogeneous group of severe childhood onset epilepsies characterized by refractory seizures, neurodevelopmental impairment, and poor prognosis [genecards.org]

Parkinson's disease dementia prognosis Persons with Parkinson's disease and dementia have a poorer prognosis than persons with Parkinson's disease without dementia. [emedicinehealth.com]

There is no cure and the prognosis for decline varies individually. “ ” I personally know many people with Parkinson's who have great humor about their trials and tribulations in life. - Joyce Oberdorf, National Parkinson Foundation Today, at 52, Fox [abcnews.go.com]

Prognosis of Parkinson disease: risk of dementia and mortality: the Rotterdam Study. Arch Neurol. 2005;62(8):1265–1269. 15. Miyasaki JM, Martin W, Suchowersky O, Weiner WJ, Lang AE. [aafp.org]

The prognosis is uncertain, except that it will get worse, drugs will become less useful – and don't talk to me about genetically adjusted mice and stem cells. Too late. Already, I rarely sleep beyond 5am. [independent.co.uk]

Etiology Turk J Med Sci 2017 Apr 18;47(2):499-503. doi: 10.3906/sag-1603-101. PMID: 28425238 He X, Zhang Y, Chen J, Xie C, Gan R, Yang R, Wang L, Nie K, Wang L Int J Neurosci 2017 Nov;127(11):1028-1035. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

From an etiologic perspective it is notable that some of these loci include genes known to contain mutations that cause neurodegenerative diseases [9]. [journals.plos.org]

McDonald WM, Richard IH, DeLong MR: Prevalence, etiology, and treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:363-375. [karger.com]

Etiology of Parkinson's Disease Research has identified several factors that contribute to the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. [esciencecentral.org]

[…] studies have found that people with high levels of lead in their body had twice the risk of Parkinson's disease. [31] Epidemiological studies on lead, however, have found little evidence for a link with Parkinson's. [31] Iron has been implicated in the etiology [en.wikipedia.org]

Neuro Epidemiology. Neuroepidemiology. 2010;34(3):143-51. [ajns.paans.org]

Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2006 ; 5 : 525 - 535. 4. Quinn, N, Critchley, P, Marsden, C. Young onset Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 1987 ; 2 : 73 - 91. 5. Schrag, A, Schott, JM. [cambridge.org]

Epidemiology and treatment of Parkinson's disease in India. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2003;9 Suppl 2:S105-9. 3. de Lau LM, Breteler MM. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:525-35. 4. [annalsofian.org]

De Lau LM, Breteler MM (2006) Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 5: 525-535. Freire C, Koifman S (2012) Pesticide exposure and Parkinson's disease: epidemiological evidence of association. Neurotoxicology 33: 947-971. [esciencecentral.org]

Disease Associated with Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. ( 26831029 ) Oki M...Kusaka H 2016 30 MRI evaluation of asymmetry of nigrostriatal damage in the early stage of early-onset Parkinson's disease. ( 25825242 ) Wang J...Subramanian T 2015 31 Epidemiology [malacards.org]

These findings further expand the clinical spectrum of synaptic dysregulation in patients with severe epilepsy, and emphasize the importance of this biological pathway in seizure pathophysiology. [orbilu.uni.lu]

These data suggest new insights into the pathophysiology of PARK20-associated parkinsonism. [movementdisorders.org]

Although SNCA mutations are a rare cause of Parkinson's disease, the study of α-synuclein led to the discovery that it is a major component of Lewy bodies and demonstrated the role of protein aggregation in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. [esciencecentral.org]

[…] higher incidence of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) abnormalities in EOPD compared to classical PD. [116] Transmagnetic stimulation is an important tool used to assess the central motor circuitry and has been used extensively to study the pathophysiology [annalsofian.org]

Bacopa can prevent thay damage. By using bacopa monnieri, it is possible for patients to prevent neurological decline and hopefully stall or reverse symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 3. [elitedaily.com]

Regular exercise, a healthy diet, careful management of preexisting conditions and prevention of new medical issues is crucial. [agingcare.com]

Prevention Because the cause of Parkinson's is unknown, proven ways to prevent the disease also remain a mystery. Some research has shown that regular aerobic exercise might reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease. [mayoclinic.org]

Parkinson's disease dementia prevention There is no known way of preventing dementia in Parkinson's disease. [emedicinehealth.com]

There isn’t a conclusive way to prevent Parkinson’s at any age. There are steps you can take that may help reduce your risk, however: Drink caffeine. [healthline.com]