Presentation
This paper presents one case story of earlier child sexual abuse and one case of temporary infertility. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Entire Body System
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Vietnamese
Prev Med 2005 41 439 45 ,, ,, ,. et al Pap testing adherence among Vietnamese American women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004 13 613 9 ,, ,. Attitudes towards pelvic examination and chaperones: a questionnaire survey of patients and providers. [doi.org]
Prev Med 2005 41 439 45, ,, ,,. et al Pap testing adherence among Vietnamese American women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004 13 613 9, ,,. Attitudes towards pelvic examination and chaperones: a questionnaire survey of patients and providers. [annals.org]
Skin
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Sparse Hair
Sparse hair patterns can exist in older and in some Asian women. The labia majora are evaluated. Their position and symmetry are assessed. The expected finding in older women is that the labia majora can be thinner and smaller. [en.wikipedia.org]
Urogenital
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Adnexal Tenderness
Abnormal bimanual findings included adnexal tenderness (6 [12%]) and uterine tenderness (4 [8%]). One patient (2.5%) had a positive antigen test for Chlamydia trachomatis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
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Cervical Enlargement
Look for erosion, eversion, cysts, polyps, lacerations, ulcerations, cervical enlargement, bleeding, and menstrual discharge. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
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Uterine Tenderness
Abnormal bimanual findings included adnexal tenderness (6 [12%]) and uterine tenderness (4 [8%]). One patient (2.5%) had a positive antigen test for Chlamydia trachomatis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
[…] included conditions (including but not limited to abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, incontinence, and infertility); quality of life KQ 2: Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, positive and negative predictive values KQ 3: Unnecessary diagnostic workup [uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org]
Diagnostic workup however is needed to ascertain the underlying cause of the anemia. (1-5) History and physical examination Diagnosis begins with a detailed history and physical examination. [news-medical.net]
Available evidence reports false-positive rates for ovarian cancer of 1.2% to 8.6% and false-negative rates of 0% to 100%. 4 Pelvic examination screening also could result in unnecessary diagnostic workup and treatment. [doi.org]
Current standard of care requires further workup of any abnormality found on Pap. -this usually consists of screening for HPV, colposcopy, and bx of cervical samples. Decreases the incidence and mortality of cervical CA. [quizlet.com]
Treatment
Overall, the USPSTF found inadequate evidence on screening pelvic examinations for the early detection and treatment of a range of gynecologic conditions in asymptomatic, nonpregnant adult women. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prognosis
Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes usually occurs in older adults and has a poor prognosis. [cancer.gov]
Epidemiology
More information on the burden and epidemiology of the numerous gynecologic conditions potentially detected by pelvic examination is available in Table 1 of the accompanying systematic evidence review. 2 Scope of Review The USPSTF commissioned a systematic [uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org]
[…] impact of our findings, we think there is a pressing need for improving patient counseling concerning this exam,” said senior author Miriam Kupperman, PhD, MPH, a UCSF professor in the departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and Epidemiology [ucsf.edu]
“Stories are very powerful, but they are the antithesis of epidemiological evidence,” Sawaya said. “The focus should be on symptoms, and on how to keep people healthy, not to turn healthy people into patients.” [khn.org]
More information on the burden and epidemiology of the numerous gynecologic conditions potentially detected by pelvic examination is available in Table 1 of the accompanying systematic evidence review. 4 The USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to [doi.org]
The amount of epidemiologic and physiologic information about contraceptives has grown enormously, and the methods have evolved toward safer formulations; today's oral contraceptives, for example, contain much lower doses of contraceptive hormones than [guttmacher.org]
Prevention
It has been suggested that to address every preventive service recommended by the U.S. [aafp.org]
To issue a new US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for gynecologic conditions with pelvic examination for conditions other than cervical cancer, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, for which the USPSTF has already made specific [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]