Presentation
A 36-year-old female, presenting with jaundice, developed acute liver failure requiring orthotopic liver transplantation. On admission, none of the known causative factors for acute hepatitis, including use of drugs, were found to be present. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The possibility of choreoathetoid movements should be considered in patients presenting after pemoline overdose [doi.org]
Entire Body System
-
Movement Disorder
The children gave no history of prior movement disorders and there was no family history of movement disorders. [doi.org]
• Central Nervous System : Seizures, Tourette syndrome, hallucinations, movement disorder, night blindness, depression, dizziness, increased irritability, headache, drowsiness and sleeplessness. • Gastrointestinal : Loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea [medindia.net]
Adverse Reactions Central nervous system: Insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, mental depression, increased irritability, seizures, precipitation of Tourette's syndrome, hallucinations, headache, movement disorders Dermatologic: Rash Endocrine & metabolic [syrianclinic.com]
-
Hyperthermia
Phenothiazines or butyrophenones may also be used especially for serious life-threatening symptoms, including hypertensive crisis and severe hyperthermia, although these serious complications of stimulant overdose have not been reported after pemoline [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Ginsberg MD Hertzman M & Schmidt-Nowara WW (1970) Amphetamine intoxication with coagulopathy, hyperthermia and reversible renal failure. A syndrome resembling heatstroke. Ann Intern Med, 73: 81-85. [inchem.org]
Hyperthermia is best treated with external cooling measures, or when severe or unresponsive, muscle paralysis with pancuronium may be needed. [syrianclinic.com]
[…] and chemotherapy via magnetic-nanoconjugates US9351941B2 ( en ) * 2012-05-30 2016-05-31 National Cheng Kung University Radiofrequency-induced synchronization of in situ hyperthermia and chemotherapy via magnetic-nanoconjugates WO2014011603A1 ( en ) * [google.com]
-
Noncompliance
The dependent measures included number of math problems completed correctly, teacher-recorded rates of on-task behavior and noncompliance, and teacher ratings on an Abbreviated Conners Teacher Rating Scale. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
-
Developmental Disabilities
BACKGROUND: Historically, the field of self-injury has distinguished between the behaviors exhibited among individuals with a developmental disability (self-injurious behaviors; SIB) and those present within a normative population (nonsuicidal self-injury [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
-
High Fever
fever large pupils muscle trembling or twitching restlessness sweating vomiting Pemoline may also cause the following side effects that your doctor will watch for: Rare Liver problems slow growth in children Some side effects may occur that usually do [drugs.com]
Respiratoric
-
Aspiration
Bilateral cortical aspirations were performed in 3-5-week-old rats. One week postsurgery, a pemoline challenge was administered. Behavioral comparisons were completed between the lesion group and an anesthetized-only control group. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
الصفحة 231 - Autopsy findings have usually revealed acute fulminating pneumonia or pneumonitis, aspiration of gastric contents, or intramyocardial lesions Although not a general feature of fluphenazine. potentiation of central nervous system depressants [books.google.com]
Gastrointestinal
-
Clay-Colored Stool
Notify your doctor immediately if you develop nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, unusual fatigue, loss of appetite, yellow skin or eyes, itching, clay-colored stools, or dark urine. These symptoms may be early signs of liver damage. [drugs.com]
Psychiatrical
-
Stereotyped Behavior
Diazepam consistently increased the duration of stereotyped behavior. It also reduced licking/biting and self-biting but the latter effects were not consistent. Pretreatment with PCA had negligible effects on stereotyped behavior. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neurologic
-
Choreoathetoid Movements
The possibility of choreoathetoid movements should be considered in patients presenting after pemoline overdose [doi.org]
The possibility of choreoathetoid movements should be considered in patients presenting after pemoline overdose. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Adverse Effects Hepatic failure of dysfunction Choreoathetoid movements Other adverse effects similar to Methylphenidate Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing) Ontology: Pemoline (C0030800) Definition (NCI) An oxazolidine compound with central [fpnotebook.com]
-
Involuntary Movements
Abstract Plasma pemoline levels were measured in 6- to 12-year-old, severely hyperactive males coincident with onset of abnormal involuntary movements. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
-
Abnormal Involuntary Movement
Abstract Plasma pemoline levels were measured in 6- to 12-year-old, severely hyperactive males coincident with onset of abnormal involuntary movements. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
-
Chorea
Acute chorea in a child followed ingestion of pemoline mesylate. In guinea pigs, in an experimental model of chorea, chronic administration of pemoline induced behavioral supersensitivity to other dopaminergic agonists. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
-
Responsiveness Decreasing
Power of the spontaneous EEG increased with time since sleep and amplitude of the P3 event-related response decreased. The changes may be interpreted as the reduction in alertness with time awake. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Workup
Other Pathologies
-
Hepatic Necrosis
The second case, in an 11-year-old, developed hepatic failure with marked prolongation in prothrombin time nonresponsive to parenteral vitamin K, deep jaundice, and submassive hepatic necrosis. This patient had a long history of pemoline usage. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
1991). 9.4.5 Hepatic Hepatitis and fatal acute hepatic necrosis have been described (Kalant & Kalant, 1975). 9.4.6 Urinary 9.4.6.1 Renal Renal failure, secondary to dehydration or rhabdomyolysis may be observed. 9.4.6.2 Other Increased bladder sphincter [inchem.org]
Biopsy
-
Liver Biopsy
Other causes of fulminant liver failure were ruled out, and the liver biopsy was suggestive of drug toxicity. We estimated the probability that these three cases represent an increased risk of fulminant liver failure associated with pemoline. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment
Patients who completed treatment submitted 79% positive urine toxicology screens over the course of the study. Patients who dropped out tended to submit fewer cocaine-positive urine screens than treatment completers. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Results : Adolescents with ADHD exhibited a marked response to pemoline treatment relative to placebo on the ADHD rating scale ( p 0.001), with an average reduction of 3.02 points per week of treatment. [oadoi.org]
Prognosis
9.1.1 Ingestion 9.1.2 Inhalation 9.1.3 Skin exposure 9.1.4 Eye contact 9.1.5 Parenteral exposure 9.1.6 Other 9.2 Chronic poisoning 9.2.1 Ingestion 9.2.2 Inhalation 9.2.3 Skin exposure 9.2.4 Eye contact 9.2.5 Parenteral exposure 9.2.6 Other 9.3 Course, prognosis [inchem.org]
Epidemiology
FDA Memorandum from Medical Officer, Epidemiology Branch (HFD-733), to Director, Division of Neuropharmacologic Drug Products (HFD-120). April 17, 1996. Accessed January 12, 2005, at . [9] Leber PD. [citizen.org]
Linguistic Variant - Portuguese, Brazil) 2015AB LNC-RU-RU (LOINC Linguistic Variant - Russian, Russia) 2015AB LNC-TR-TR (LOINC Linguistic Variant - Turkish, Turkey) 2015AB LNC-ZH-CN (LOINC Linguistic Variant - Chinese, China) 2015AB MCM (Glossary of Clinical Epidemiologic [doctor.am]
Pathophysiology
Furthermore, by revealing pathophysiology that underlies specific disease characteristics, behaviourally focused models improve translational power and help to identify targets for effective pharmacotherapies. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
الصفحة 660 - Corticotropin releasing hormone in the pathophysiology of melancholic and atypical depression and in the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. [books.google.com]
Prevention
Lower dosage gradually to prevent acute rebound depression. • Drug impairs ability to perform tasks requiring mental alertness. • Make sure patient obtains adequate rest; fatigue may result as drug wears off. • Discourage pemoline use for analeptic effect [glowm.com]
Transplantation Substance Use and Addiction Surgery Surgical Innovation Surgical Pearls Teachable Moment Technology and Finance The Rational Clinical Examination Tobacco and e-Cigarettes Toxicology Trauma and Injury Treatment Adherence United States Preventive [oadoi.org]
Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. [drugs.com]
But every year, some do, despite strenuous efforts to prevent such cases. Mind you, Nader’s people have been agitating for years to get that one pulled from the market as well. [blogs.sciencemag.org]