Other factors that contribute to infertility, such as underlying endocrinopathies or fetal endocrine abnormalities, may play a role. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Does infertility treatment increase male reproductive tract disorder? Urology. 2013;81:644–648. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.12.003. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 5. Baskin LS. Hypospadias and urethral development. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Associated anomalies of undescended testicles and/or an inguinal hernia occur in about 9% of cases. Treatment & Care There is no medical management for hypospadias. It must be treated with surgery. [texaschildrens.org]

He will be prescribed pain medicine for his discomfort, but acetaminophen or ibuprofen is also helpful. Most boys are sent home with a urinary catheter in the penis for a couple of days. [texaschildrens.org]

More severe forms of hypospadias may require long-term follow-up and multiple surgical procedures. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Hormonal and environmental influences Most hypospadias occur as an isolated condition, but associated anomalies include uni-bilateral cryptorchidism and micropenis [25]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Evaluation and treatment of cryptorchidism (2014). American Urological Association. Available at . April 2014; Accessed: June 13, 2019. Kaefer M, Diamond D, Hendren WH, Vemulapalli S, Bauer SB, Peters CA, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Hormonal and environmental influences Most hypospadias occur as an isolated condition, but associated anomalies include uni-bilateral cryptorchidism and micropenis [25]. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Evaluation and treatment of cryptorchidism (2014). American Urological Association. Available at . April 2014; Accessed: June 13, 2019. Kaefer M, Diamond D, Hendren WH, Vemulapalli S, Bauer SB, Peters CA, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]