Figure 1 (a) Colour fundus photograph of the right eye at presentation showing darkish foveal lesion. (b) OCT findings at presentation, (c) 1 month, and (d) 5 months following exposure to welding arc. [nature.com]

Case presentation Here we present a case of 59 year old male who presented with right eye sudden painless loss of vision 4 weeks after typhoid fever which was diagnosed and treated successfully. His BCVA was 2/60 in right eye and 6/6 in left eye. [journalretinavitreous.biomedcentral.com]

[…] and presents at a later age. [ijo.in]

Presentation[edit] It can present with the following:[2] severe burning pain lacrimation photophobia blepharospasm swelling of palpebral conjunctiva retrotarsal folds Usually the effect of UV exposure is felt after 6-8 hours from exposure. [en.wikipedia.org]

• Burning Pain

  Oral analgesics if pain is intolerable d. Single dose of tranquilizers e. *Photoretinitis - due infra-red rays (eclipse burn of retina) [gradestack.com]

  Presentation[edit] It can present with the following:[2] severe burning pain lacrimation photophobia blepharospasm swelling of palpebral conjunctiva retrotarsal folds Usually the effect of UV exposure is felt after 6-8 hours from exposure. [en.wikipedia.org]

  pain • blepharospasm • swelling of palpebral conjunctiva and reterotarsal folds Treatment: • cold compression • patching with antibiotic ointment for 24 hrs • oral analgesics may be given 26. [slideshare.net]

• Pallor

  Fundus examination reveals constriction of retinal vessels, pallor of the optic disc, pigment deposits in the peripheral retina, and a preserved macular zone. [horama.fr]

  Diagnosis is by funduscopy, which shows pigmentation in a bone-spicule configuration in the equatorial retina, narrowing of the retinal arterioles, a waxy pallor of the optic disk, posterior subcapsular cataracts, and cells in the vitreous. [msdmanuals.com]

  Fundus examination of the right eye showed pigmentary alterations along the inferotemporal arcade and the left eye showed disc pallor, sclerosed vessels, pigmentary alterations, and ERM at the macula (Fig. 6). [joii-journal.springeropen.com]

  Clinical ndings include: Pigment clumping or bone spicule pigmentation, waxy pallor of optic nerve, retinal arteriolar narrowing, formation of atrophy of the RPE, epiretinal membrane and choriocapillaris, posterior subcapsular cataract, epiretinal membrane [fortunejournals.com]

• Surgical Procedure

  One logical response to the risk would be to evaluate and minimise the retinal exposure to short wavelength light that occurs during the cataract surgical procedure, when the high intensity operating microscope light is unfiltered once the crystalline [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

• Fever

  Bilateral retinitis following typhoid fever. [journalretinavitreous.biomedcentral.com]

• Abdominal Pain

  Background Typhoid or enteric fever is a systemic disease which is characterized by fever and abdominal pain caused due to dissemination of Salmonella typhi or paratyphi. [journalretinavitreous.biomedcentral.com]

• Fracture

  Increasing the dose of fluoride increases the risk of nonvertebral fractures and gastrointestinal side effects without any effect on the vertebral fracture rate. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Mainster 52 stated that acute experimental photic injuries do not stimulate retinal ageing any more accurately than acute fractures simulate osteoporosis. [onlinelibrary.wiley.com]

• Visual Impairment

  ↑impairment … Useful english dictionary visual disorder — noun impairment of the sense of sight • Syn: ↑visual impairment, ↑visual defect, ↑vision defect • Hypernyms: ↑disability, ↑disablement, ↑handicap, ↑impairment … Useful english dictionary visual [medicine.academic.ru]

  […] defect, visual disorder, visual impairment [wort-suchen.de]

  vision defect; visual defect; visual disorder; visual impairment (impairment of the sense of sight) Learn English with... Proverbs "My Son is my Son 'til he takes him a Wife, my Daughter's my Daughter all her life." [audioenglish.org]

  […] defect, visual disorder, visual impairment, definition : impairment of the sense of sight (noun.state) Visual ArtiKata Explore photoretinitis in ArtiKata.com > Cari berdasar huruf depan: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Situs lain [sinonimkata.com]

• Snow Blindness

  See also Snow Blindness. More about the eye & vision The following books may also be of interest: [ivyroses.com]

  Snow blindness occurs due to reflection of ultraviolet rays from snow surface. Photoretinitis is another form that can occur due to infra-red rays (eclipse burn of retina). [en.wikipedia.org]

  A [Ultraviolet rays] Q Photo-ophthalmia - refers to occurrence of multiple epithelial erosions due to the effect of ultraviolet rays Q especially from 311 to 290 Snow blindness due to reflected ultraviolet rays from snow surface. [gradestack.com]

[…] yes Describe intervention (treatment/procedure/test): Patients who were assigned to this treatment group did not receive intravenous t-PA while awaiting endovascular treatment. [richtlijnendatabase.nl]

This makes it hard for the practitioners to decide the treatment courses for RP patients and this further delay the on-time treatment of the disease. [duphat.ae]

The benefit of treatment has to be weighed against risks to the liver. Clinical trials are in progress to assess new treatments for retinitis pigmentosa, including the use of DHA, which is an omega-3 fatty acid. [medlineplus.gov]

This is a one-time treatment delivered by a specially-trained surgeon who administers the treatment by a sub-retinal injection. [fightingblindness.ie]

Treatments like gene therapy & stem cell treatment possibly will provide possible treatment probability for patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Keywords: Retinitis pigmentosa, Genetic architecture, Retina, blindness [jbiomed.com]

Visual prognosis after solar retinopathy. Brit. J. Ophthal. 1969; 53: 534-41 ↑ 13.0 13.1 Rothkoff L, Kushelevsky A, Blumenthal M. Solar retinopathy: visual prognosis in 20 cases. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Prognosis Prognosis is guarded. Some improvement often occurs. Part of the defect usually remains, and the visual scotoma may persist permanently. [hi.nhp.gov.in]

Visual prognosis after solar retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 1969; 53 :534–41. 3 Ridgeway AEA. Solar retinopathy. BMJ 1967; III :212–4. 4 Rosen E. Solar retinitis. Br J Ophthalmol 1948; 32 :23–34. 5 Anaclerio M, Wicker HS. [nature.com]

A significant number of retinitis cases are thought to be idiopathic in etiology but a small proportion of cases are infectious in etiology such as Toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis), Leptospira spp. [journalretinavitreous.biomedcentral.com]

Etiology The disease entity has been recognized, to some degree since the times of Classical Greece[1]. [eyewiki.aao.org]

After finding the genetic etiology photoreceptors or retinal pigment epithelium cells can be targeted by subretinal injection. Strategies of gene therapy may vary depending upon the inheritance of RP or the type of mutation. [fortunejournals.com]

In other countries, such as those in ‘Pharmerging’ markets, the available epidemiological data as regards of RP are still fragmentary and/or just partially accessible. [duphat.ae]

Isolated cases, with no family history, also commonly occur Epidemiology Prevalence in all ages is approximately 1 in 4,000[1]. Three types have been found determined by age of onset. [patient.info]

Clinics, Epidemiology and Genetics of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Current Genomics, 12(4), 236–237. http://doi.org/10.2174/138920211795860080 External links[edit] Classification D ICD-10: H30.9 ICD-9-CM: 363.20 MeSH: D012173 SNOMED CT: 399463004 [en.wikipedia.org]

Ophth Soc. 1987; 85:120-158. ↑ Michels M, Sternberg P, Operating microscope-induced retinal phototocicity: pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and prevention. Surv Ophthalmol. 1990; 34:237-252. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Long VW, Woodruff GH. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Retinitis Pigmentosa: Pathophysiology and its Management. Journal of Healthcare and Technology 1 (2018): 019-025. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a degenerative disease of retina which involves the pigment deposition in periphery of retina. [fortunejournals.com]

Symblepharon : Prevention of symblepharon :  by sweeping a glass rod coated with lubricant in the fornices twice daily. [slideshare.net]

Primary prevention Prevention of solar retinopathy is in fact the mainstay of therapy. Primary prevention of solar retinopathy includes refraining from direct sun-gazing or eclipse-viewing. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Seite 59 - US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA I. [books.google.de]

الصفحة 59 - US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA I. [books.google.com]